1. There are many ancient legends in ancient China, such as Pangu opened the sky, Houyi shot at the sun, and Jingwei reclaimed the sea.

2. Four or five thousand years ago, the Yellow River valley entered the era of tribal alliance. At that time, the larger tribes in the Yellow River valley were Yan Di, Huangdi and Chiyou. Yan Di lost to the Yellow Emperor in the Battle of Hanquan, surrendered to him and founded the Yanhuang tribe. The Yanhuang tribe defeated Chiyou in the subsequent battle of deer, and the Yellow Emperor became the leader of the tribal alliance in the Yellow River valley, forming a unified Chinese nation. The Yellow Emperor of Yan Di was honored as the human ancestor of the Chinese nation for his outstanding contribution.

3. From the beginning, the Chinese nation was not a unified whole nation, but many tribal peoples continued to merge and assimilate in long-term exchanges, forming the same living habits and cultural identity, and constantly seeking common ground while reserving differences, thus forming today's Chinese nation.

It is said that Emperor Yan and Huangdi had many inventions, for example, Emperor Yan told people to grow grains and vegetables, make production tools (bones), cook salt, ask people to open the market to exchange needed items, save lives, make pottery, teach people to spin, make musical instruments and harps, and have the earliest knowledge of astronomical calendars. His name is Shennong.

The Yellow Emperor also made many inventions. It is said that the Yellow Emperor can build cars and ships, build palaces, dig wells, smelt copper, and invented bows and arrows and compass cars. Cang Xie, his subordinate, created writing, Li Shou invented abacus, Ling Lun invented melody, and his wife Lei Zushan reeled.

6. These ancient legends often exaggerate many historical facts, but they also have certain historical basis. A lot of archaeological excavations have confirmed many things in the legend. Although the legend is not completely reliable, it reflects the development level of society at that time to some extent.

7. There are three big tribes in the Yellow River valley after the Yellow Emperor, namely Tao Tang tribe, Youyu tribe and Xia Houshi tribe. They formed a tribal alliance and worked with the same people to deal with the flood.

8. The abdication system is to transfer the position of tribal alliance leader to virtuous people, but its essence is the trade-off between tribes.

9. Yao is the head of the family. He educated the people to reclaim and cultivate farmland in time. When he was old, he passed on the position of leader of the tribal alliance to Shun. When Shun was in power, he formulated penalties, improved the system, stabilized the situation, and sent Dayu to control water. In his later years, he passed the position of tribal alliance leader to Dayu, who succeeded in water control.