Xia, Shang, Zhou, Qin, Western Han, New Dynasty, Xuanhan, Eastern Han, Three Kingdoms Period, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties, Northern Dynasties, Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, Ten Kingdoms, Northern Han, Song, Liao, Xixia, Jin, Yuan, Ming, Qing, Republic of China and People's Republic of China (PRC) (PRC).
Xia dynasty: about 2029 BC-about 1559 BC, total: 47 1 year.
Shang dynasty: about 1559 BC-about 1046 BC, a total of 438 years.
Zhou dynasty: about 65438 BC+0046 BC-256 BC, divided into the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty was divided into the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, totaling 867 years.
Qin dynasty: 2265438 BC+0-206 BC. Before 22 1 year BC, Ying Zheng, the king of Qin, unified the six countries and became the emperor, for a total of 16 years.
Western Chu: From 206 BC to 202 BC, Xiang Yu, the overlord of western Chu, was in power for five years.
Western Han Dynasty: 202 BC-8 AD, Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, a total of 2 10 years.
New Dynasty: From the twelfth month of the eighth year AD to October 6th of the twenty-third year AD, the new emperor Wang Mang founded the Emperor Xing, totaling 16.
Xuanhan: In 23-25 AD, Liu Xuan, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, was replaced for three years.
Eastern Han Dynasty: A.D. 25-220, Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty, 196.
Three Kingdoms: 220-280 AD, Wei, Shu and Wu Dingli, totaling 6 1 year.
Jin Dynasty: A.D. 265-420, divided into Western Jin Dynasty (265-3 16) and Eastern Jin Dynasty (3 17-420), with a total of 156.
Southern and Northern Dynasties: 420-589 AD, total: 170.
Sui Dynasty: A.D. 58 1- A.D. 6 18, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, a total of 38 years.
Tang Dynasty: A.D. 6 18-907, Li Yuan, Tang Gaozu, a total of 290 years.
Five Dynasties: 907-960, Hou Liang, Later Tang Dynasty, Later Jin Dynasty, Later Han Dynasty and Later Zhou Dynasty, a total of 54 years.
Ten countries: 89 1-979, a total of 89 years.
Song Dynasty: 960- 1279, divided into Northern Song Dynasty (960- 1 127) and Southern Song Dynasty (1 1279), with a total of 320 years.
Yuan Dynasty: A.D. 127 1-1368, Genghis Khan, Yuan Taizu, a total of 98 years.
Ming Dynasty: A.D. 1368- 1644, Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty, a total of 277 years.
Qing Dynasty: A.D. 1644- 19 12, the Qing Taizu Aixinjue Luo Nuerhachi, a total of 268 years.
Extended data:
Songs of historical dynasties:
First kind
Since the beginning of the Three Emperors and Five Emperors, Yao Shunyu has been passed down from generation to generation; Xia and Shang Dynasties, Western Zhou Dynasty and Eastern Zhou Dynasty are divided into two parts.
Spring and Autumn and Warring States unified Qin and Han Dynasties; Three points in Wei Shuwu, before and after the Second Jin Dynasty;
The Southern and Northern Dynasties coexisted, and the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties passed; After Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, the imperial dynasty ended here.
The second type
Tang Yao, Yu Shun, Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period,
Qin, Han and Jin dynasties were unified, and the southern dynasties and the northern dynasties were rivals.
Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing emperors rested.
The third kind
The legend of Pangu Tiankai has been circulated for thousands of years.
Yao Shunyu, the ancestor of the Yellow Emperor in Yan Di, abdicated.
Slavery in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, feudalism in Eastern Zhou Dynasty.
Qin and Han dynasties unified the territory and the three countries fought.
Western Jin, Eastern Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, the territory expanded.
The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms split, and the metals in Song, Liao and Xia were great.
The Ming fleet sailed to the western seas, and the Qing dynasty's lock on the country was broken.
The civil war and foreign war in the Republic of China opened a new chapter in the People's Republic of China.
Reasons for the demise of Chinese dynasties:
Xia dynasty (2 1 century-BC16th century) was the first slavery dynasty in the history of China. The Xia Dynasty passed down for fourteen generations, and lasted for about 47 1 year after seventeen years. The establishment of the Xia Dynasty began in Yu. Yu's father Chongbogun is the leader of Songshan tribe on the south bank of Xiongda River. Shi Chong and Gonggong, both tribes with rich experience in water control, are located at the eastern foot of Taihang Mountain on the Hebei coast.
In the period of Yao and Shun, in order to compete for the royal power, Gun and Gong Gong successively launched fierce struggles with Yao and Shun, all of which ended in failure. Later, Yu continued to unite with Gonggong and many other tribes and gradually carried out water control work in Iraq, Luoyang, Henan, Hebei and other places. Yu took over the position of Gun, abandoned the general plan of Gun "blocking" water control, and changed to dredging, that is, dredging the river in the highland according to the height of the terrain, so as to reduce the flood in the fertile plain.
After treatment, most of the residents in the high-lying areas along the Great Plains moved to the relatively low-lying Yuan Ye to cultivate those fertile land. Those lush vegetation and animal breeding areas have become places where people are willing to settle down. The remarkable improvement of social productive forces provided the necessary economic foundation for the establishment of a slave country.
Cause of extinction:
1, internal productivity declines;
2. The external environment is unstable for a long time;
3. The concept of the ruling class in Xia Dynasty;
4. Personal factors of "Jie" in summer (indulging in debauchery all day long, building great projects and getting close to the people)
The Qing Dynasty (1644- 19 12) was the second unified political power established by ethnic minorities in the history of China and the last feudal monarchy in China. In the forty-four years of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (16 16), Nurhachi, the leader of the Jurchen Department of Jianzhou, was called Khan after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and his title was greatly promoted, which was called "the later Jin Dynasty" in history. 1636 (the ninth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, the first year of Chongde in the Qing Dynasty), Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty proclaimed himself emperor and changed his title to Qing.
1644 (the 17th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty, the first year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty), Dashun Army of Li Zicheng captured Beijing, and the Ming Dynasty perished. Wu Sangui, a general of the Ming Dynasty stationed in Shanhaiguan, was demoted to the Qing Dynasty, and the Regent of the Qing Dynasty, Dourgen, commanded the Qing army to enter Shanhaiguan and defeated the peasant army greatly. In the same year, the emperor shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty moved to Beijing, and the Qing Dynasty replaced the Ming Dynasty as the ruler of the whole country.
In the 20 years after entering the customs, the Qing Dynasty eliminated the regimes of Dashun, Daxi and Nanming successively, and basically unified the whole country. In the early Qing Dynasty, a unified multi-ethnic country was consolidated, which basically laid the territory of our country, and at the same time, absolute monarchy reached its peak.
1840 after the opium war, modern times entered. The Qing court and the invaders respectively concluded a large number of unequal treaties, ceded land for compensation and opened trading ports. China's sovereignty was seriously damaged and it gradually became a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society. The burden on the people is heavier, and they live in dire straits.
19 1 1 year, the revolution of 1911 broke out and the Qing dynasty collapsed, ending the feudal monarchy in China for more than two thousand years. 19 12 February, the Qing emperor was forced to abdicate. Since the foundation of the late Jin Dynasty, there have been twelve emperors in the Qing Dynasty.
Cause of extinction:
1, political darkness and corruption, corruption (kindness) and incompetence (emperor) of the rulers themselves;
2. Closed to the outside world, backward in thought, system and technology;
3. The Qing government was weak and incompetent. In the face of the invasion of foreign powers, it only knows how to compromise and cede land for compensation.
4. The army is out of control (the new army turned against it in the domestic crisis) and its functions are reversed (the functions of the army can only be external rather than internal);
5. Under the financial deficit, the training of "never increasing taxes" has been broken again and again, and all kinds of collection and apportionment have increased;
6. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the "national advancement and civil retreat" of railways further aroused people's resentment.
Baidu encyclopedia-Chinese historical dynasties
People's Network-This is the real research history: the reasons for the demise of China's dynasties