Russian October Revolution Examination Knowledge 1
Reasons for the outbreak of the October Revolution
First, objective reasons.
1. Economic situation: Before the October Revolution, Russia was a monopoly imperialist country with all the characteristics of imperialism and a certain economic foundation, which laid a material foundation for the proletarian revolution.
2. Social contradictions: Russia has a very obvious military feudal nature, and many contradictions interweave to make Russia the weakest link in the imperialist chain.
3. Impact of World War I: 19 14 World War I broke out and Russia entered the war. The war has fully exposed all kinds of contradictions in Russia. The economy is on the verge of collapse, industrial production is reduced, agriculture is shrinking, and traffic is chaotic. Thus making the outbreak of proletarian revolution possible; At the same time, imperialism was busy with World War I, which provided a relatively relaxed international environment.
Second, subjective reasons.
1. The maturity of the Bolshevik Party, a proletarian party, has given the revolution a strong leadership core.
The proletariat has grown, and there are a large number of peasants at the same time.
3. The oppressed people are the allies of the revolution (mainly from the Paris Commune).
Russian October Revolution Knowledge Examination II
Russian October Revolution
1. Revolutionary background: Russia has become the intersection of various contradictions of imperialism.
(1) objective reasons:
① Economy: Russian capitalism lags behind other capitalist countries;
② Politics: When entering the stage of imperialism, various social contradictions are very acute; (Tsarist autocracy has become the focus of various contradictions)
International: World War I further intensified various social contradictions in Russia, and Russia became the weakest link in the imperialist chain.
(2) Subjective conditions: the proletariat is deeply oppressed by capitalism and feudalism and is revolutionary; The correct leadership of the Bolshevik Party; The poor peasants became revolutionary allies.
2. Revolutionary process:
(1) February Revolution Victory:1965438+The February Revolution that broke out in March 2007 overthrew the Romanov Dynasty. After the February Revolution, two regimes, the Soviet Union and the bourgeois provisional government, appeared in Russia.
(2) The Outline of April put forward: 19 17 In April, Lenin put forward the task of transforming from bourgeois democratic revolution to socialist revolution, and put forward the slogan "All political power belongs to the Soviet Union", striving to seize political power by peaceful means, which pointed out the direction for the revolution.
(3) July bloodshed: 19 17 In July, the provisional government suppressed the demonstrations of workers and soldiers, and the coexistence of the two regimes ended, and the possibility of peaceful development of the revolution was dashed.
(4) Armed uprising broke out:1917165438+10. On 7 October, the uprising workers and soldiers occupied Petrograd and overthrew the bourgeois provisional government; Then, armed uprisings in cities such as Moscow were also successful.
3. Establish political power:
1917165438+17, the second all-Russian workers and peasants congress was held on behalf of the Soviet Union: ① The congress passed a letter to workers, peasants and soldiers, officially announcing that the interim government was overthrown and the regime was transferred to the Soviet Union. (2) The Peace Law and the Land Law were adopted. The "Peace Decree" suggested that the belligerents should hold peace talks to achieve peace without ceding land or paying compensation. The land law stipulates that the landlord's land shall be confiscated, the land shall be nationalized and the land shall be distributed to the laborers. The People's Committee, the world's first Soviet engineer government headed by Lenin, was established at the congress, marking the birth of the first proletarian dictatorship country in the world, namely the socialist country. (Note "Soviet system")
4. Historical significance:
(1) The October Revolution was the first socialist revolution in human history, which opened up a new road for the development of Russian society.
(2) The October Revolution turned socialism from theory into reality, developed Marxist theory and created a new situation in the international socialist movement.
(3) The October Revolution dealt a heavy blow to imperialist rule and inspired the revolutionary struggle of the international proletariat and the colonial and semi-colonial people.
Russian October Revolution Knowledge Examination III
The Significance of the October Revolution
It has achieved a great leap from theory to practice of socialism.
Any kind of theory and social ideological trend is the product of social, economic and political development at that time. /kloc-In the middle of the 0/9th century, the development of capitalism provided social, economic and political conditions for the emergence of Marxism. While promoting the rapid development of productive forces, capitalism intensifies the contradiction between socialization of production and private possession of means of production, and the contradiction between proletariat and bourgeoisie becomes the main contradiction in society. After the proletariat entered the historical stage as an independent political force, the booming workers' movement urgently needed the guidance of scientific theory. The emergence of Marxism is the requirement of the times, which provides scientific theoretical guidance for the complete liberation of the proletariat.
According to the development of capitalism in19th century, Marx and Engels pointed out that the future socialist revolution could not happen in one country alone, but in several major capitalist countries at the same time and won. "Neither the French, the Germans nor the British can win the glory of destroying capitalism alone." "The communist revolution will not only be the revolution of one country, but the revolution of all civilized countries, that is, at least the revolutions of Britain, the United States, France and Germany." It is impossible for Marx and Engels to know some special laws of the imperialist era in advance in the era of free capitalism, because imperialism has not yet arrived in the last stage of capitalism, and there is no such practice.
After the death of Marx and Engels, Lenin insisted on the thinking method of concrete analysis of specific problems of Marxism, deeply studied monopoly capitalism and its development law, and came to the conclusion that the weak links in the capitalist world could win the socialist revolution first. At the beginning of the 20th century, the social contradictions in Russia were extremely complicated and acute, including the contradiction between the proletariat and the monopoly bourgeoisie and the czar's autocratic system. The contradiction between peasants and feudal landlord class and bourgeoisie; The contradiction between ethnic minorities and the czar government; The contradiction between the eastern colonial and semi-colonial people and Russian imperialism; The contradiction between Russian imperialism and western imperialism. These contradictions are intertwined, making Russia the intersection of imperialist contradictions. Lenin believed that Russia in the early 20th century was the weakest link in the capitalist world. The Russian revolution should proceed from Russia's national conditions, that is, through the socialist revolution, overthrow the bourgeois rule in backward Russia, establish the dictatorship of the proletariat, and then use the power of the proletarian state power to change the old relations of production and economic base and gradually move toward socialism.
At that time, Kaucki, plekhanov and Suehanov all thought that the October Revolution violated the universal laws of history and accused Lenin of deviating from Marxism. Kaucki compared the October Revolution led by Bolsheviks to a pregnant woman, trying to "shorten her unbearable pregnancy time and cause premature birth" by "jumping wildly", and asserted that "children born like this usually can't live". Lenin criticized the "premature birth theory" in revolutionary practice and creatively answered the new questions raised in the imperialist era. In his view, without revolutionary dialectics, it is impossible to understand Marxist theory pedantically. Historical laws will not be expressed as "pure generality", and historical development is not the evolution of mechanical single line, but always develops in complex and diverse reality. The general law of world historical development not only does not exclude the particularity of individual development stages in the form or order of development, but also is based on it.
Starting from the reality of Russia, Lenin put forward new viewpoints and reached new conclusions according to the new situation, which enriched and developed Marxism and pushed it to a new historical stage-Leninism. Under the guidance of Leninism, the Russian people won the victory of the October Revolution. This is the first successful proletarian revolution in human history, which has transformed socialism from lofty beliefs and ideals into a realistic socialist system. From the beginning, the world socialist movement is not a simple so-called "European phenomenon", but has world significance; Fundamentally speaking, the road of the October Revolution is a bright road for the development of all mankind.
Russian October Revolution Examination Knowledge Articles;
★ 20 15 knowledge points of history examination: the victory of Russian October Revolution
★ Required course 1 History lesson 19 Knowledge points of Russian October Revolution victory
★ Review materials of high school history exam (5)
★ Review materials for high school history exam.
The origin and development of western humanistic spirit in the history review outline of senior two.
★ 20 15 knowledge points of history examination: the May 4th Movement and the establishment of China.
★ Knowledge points that must be tested in high school history for one year.
★ Senior one is compulsory, and the historical focus is the beginning of modernity.
★ Reform and reform of history knowledge points in senior one.
★ Knowledge points of general answers to historical subjective questions