What method is used to collect historical data? The way to read history books.
The history books mentioned here include not only the history textbooks used by students, but also historical materials, historical publications and historical reading materials. , and related history learning websites. China has a long history and rich historical books. There is no shortcut to learn history well, except reading a lot. When reading history books, generally, first look at the catalogue of history books to understand the knowledge framework structure of the whole book; Look at the preface of this book to understand the reasons for the book; You can understand the contents of the book and the author's views on relevant historical facts by reading the text of the book. In the process of studying history, to read important history books intensively, you only need to know some less important history books. Intensive reading books should be read slowly, carefully and repeatedly; Extensive books read quickly and quickly absorb useful information from them. All history books are generally composed of historical facts and historical comments. For the basic historical facts, we should distinguish the authenticity of the historical facts recorded in the history books when studying. The evaluation of historical facts depends on whether it conforms to the historical facts themselves, historical materialism and dialectical materialism. When reading history textbooks at ordinary times, we should do five things: the content should be achieved and the whole picture of the textbooks should be grasped; Unit introduction, grasp the general situation of learning module; Arrive at the text, master the relevant knowledge points and evaluate; Practice after class, familiar with the way of transforming knowledge into test questions; The chronology of historical events at the back of the book emphasizes and supplements the text.
What method is used to collect historical materials? Listening to lectures.
The study of the new history curriculum is carried out in the classroom, which is also the main platform for learning history and an important place for teacher-student interaction and student-student interaction. The methods of attending classes mainly include the following four aspects: listening, thinking, remembering and realizing. ? Listen. Is to listen, to concentrate, to grasp the main points and key points of teachers and classmates; ? Think? Is thinking. On the one hand, we should think about what needs to be memorized and learned in class, on the other hand, we should also think about whether the content in class is mastered, whether there are doubts and confusion; ? Remember? It includes not only the understanding and memory of the knowledge learned in classroom learning, but also the notes of the main points of classroom learning. The content of lecture notes should include the outline of blackboard writing, the focus of learning, the expansion and excavation of teaching materials by teachers, etc. The notes should be concise and clear, so that they can be sorted and reviewed later. So-called? Enlightenment? , is to learn and master the teacher's method to deal with problems, but also to observe and learn the success of other students in history classroom learning.
What method is used to collect historical materials: the method of collecting historical materials
The new history curriculum requires students to learn active learning and research-based learning. Learn to collect historical data and master the historical information needed for study by various ways and means. To collect historical materials, we must first determine the time, region and content range of collecting materials; The second is to use effective channels to obtain information. At present, there are three commonly used channels, one is to consult relevant historical materials in the library, the other is to use online search, and the third is to conduct field and social investigations. The collected historical materials should be screened, classified and sorted according to the importance of learning, so as to facilitate the use and search in learning.
What method is used to collect historical data: the method of exploring historical problems
It is important to learn to explore historical issues and master the necessary methods. The general requirement is to discuss from the perspective of history and combine history with theory. Before discussing historical issues with historical materials, we should first carefully identify the importance of historical materials, including the source, authenticity, author and nature of the materials. Secondly, when using historical materials as evidence, we should pay attention to choosing typical and important materials to explain the problem. Need to select some relevant materials from different sources to demonstrate a problem and follow it? Isolated evidence does not hold water? The principle of. The third is to fully understand and understand the meaning of the selected materials, not to take them out of context, make subjective assumptions and interpret them at will, but to support arguments or conclusions with evidence.
What method is used to collect historical materials: the method of doing historical exercises.
The exercises of the new history course include written assignments, investigation reports, historical essays, historical forums, special exhibitions and other forms. In the process of doing historical exercises, we can deepen our understanding and understanding of the historical knowledge we have learned, and we can also learn to use it in practice. At the same time, the process of practice is also a systematic and organized process of historical knowledge, and we can also find out the shortcomings in previous historical learning through practice and make up for them in time. What does it say here? Practice? Mainly doing homework. According to the process of solving historical problems, the first step is to examine the questions, that is? Get and interpret information? . The so-called information refers to the written materials, charts, various data, pictures, symbols and so on in the test questions. Obtaining and interpreting the information of test questions is first manifested in the accuracy of test questions; Secondly, we can grasp the nature of all kinds of information and respond to the information provided. In fact, the processing of information will directly affect the quality and speed of solving problems. The second step is to establish the correct connection between the learned knowledge and the form and content of the test questions, that is? Mobilize and apply knowledge? . Mobilize and use knowledge, that is, by receiving and reacting information, start the original knowledge reserve, and solve problems through the thinking process of analysis, judgment, reasoning and induction. The third step is to correctly express the phenomenon of things, accurately describe and explain the characteristics of things, and demonstrate the problem by means of judgment, induction, deduction, comparison and generalization. The ability to describe things is mainly manifested in meticulous and comprehensive observation and accurate and concise expression; While accurately expressing the ability to explain things, it also shows the level of rational thinking such as analysis, synthesis, induction and generalization. In fact, it means that you can grasp the essential characteristics of things through the thinking process and describe them with concise and accurate subject terms. Argumentative writing refers to the process of citing arguments to prove the truth of a topic. The ability to demonstrate problems mainly includes the following two aspects: first, the overall grasp of subject knowledge, and basic knowledge and basic theory are the premise of demonstrating problems. Second, the logic and level of the answer organization. Discussion, that is, the study and discussion of problems. The process of discussing a problem is actually the process of putting forward an argument, that is, putting forward one's own views on a problem.
The above is only the author's humble opinion on the learning methods of the new history curriculum in education and teaching, and it is impossible to cover all the learning methods of the new history curriculum.