Lantern shows were mostly performed at the Lantern Festival, and later developed into other festivals. In the Qing Dynasty, professional lighting classes appeared, such as 1736 to 1795, with large scale and complete roles.
Around 1830, professional lighting classes began to develop outward, and names such as Chuanke, Guhua and Ying Ge appeared. Ying Ge class is famous for its long dialogues and oratorios, and its clever mouth.
According to Tsui Hark's Notes on Cleaning Barn, Chen Tongxiang, an actor of Yuyao Lantern Class, once performed in Su Xichang. 182 1 to 1850, Chen Jicheng, a native of Cixi, organized a beach spring team to perform in Yao Bei.
1875, actors Ma Nanmu and others entered Shanghai, interacted with the beach spring operas such as Sutan and Shanghai Beach, and absorbed and digested some foreign operas and music. Ying Ge class finally matured and formed its unique local flavor, which was called "Yuyao Beach Spring".
Tan Yao's actors are mostly farmers and craftsmen, such as painters, carpenters, masons, brown shed carpenters and so on. And organize classes in the off-season. The props of Yao Beach are also very simple, and a handkerchief and a fan can make a debut. Because of its simplicity and small number of people, it is very suitable for performing in rural areas.
However, due to the prejudice against this kind of drama at that time, and Tan Chunban's performance was often mixed with some uncivilized chanting sounds, Tan Chunban was not allowed to perform in ancestral temples or temples, so he could only put several rice barrels upside down in the wild and spread some wooden boards on them as performance venues.
The peak period of Yuyao Tanquan is/kloc-0 from the middle of 9th century to the beginning of 20th century. At that time, there were as many as forty or fifty folk Yao Ju clubs in Yuyao, Cixi and Shangyu. Most of these class clubs in Yao Ju are composed of farmers, craftsmen and superstitious professionals, with a scale of about 12. They gather in the class to perform during the slack season.
In addition, professional Tan Yao is not only popular locally, but also spreads abroad. Yao Ju Banshe has traveled to Zhoushan and shenjiamen in the east, Xinchang, Shengxian and Zhuji in the west, Hangjiahu Plain in the north and Shanghai in the north.
In its heyday, Tan Yao had more than 50 professional clubs, which once occupied the entertainment garden of Shencheng. A number of actors have emerged, such as Ma Nanmu, Zhou, Jin, Fu Agui, Cai, Xiao, Xiao Shanbao, Lou, He Fengchang and Lao Xiuchun.
In 1930s, Xiao Shan Baohe sang "Selling Sugar", which was even recorded by the record company as "Selling Sugar" by Tan Chunchun in Yuyao, and was sung in the north and south of the river and in the streets.
After the founding of New China, some actors reformed the content and performance form of Tan Yao, such as rehearsing modern plays and co-acting between men and women. Yao Opera Troupe was founded in 1954, in the northwest of Yuyao and Cixi and in the east of Shangyu. Amateur Yao Opera Troupe has mushroomed in the vast rural areas.
In 1950s and 1960s, there were more than 50 amateur Yao Opera Troupes/KLOC-0 in China, which showed the strong vitality and deep mass base of local operas. While some troupes are struggling to operate and some operas even become "swan songs", Yuyao's Spring on the Beach has a long history of singing.
Yao Tan's singing is simple, beautiful, lively and full of local flavor, which consists of two parts: basic harmony and minor. The basic melody is flat four and tight board, and the melody adopts the form of rising, flat and falling. Pingqiang only sings on the blackboard, and men and women are in the same tune with different voices, which is naturally transformed. The flat four rhymes of women's tones are often accompanied by the stress of "alas, alas", which is clear, euphemistic and distinctive.
Pingsi is generally used for narrative lyrics, which are more lyrical and can express different feelings; Tight boards are mostly used in scenes with tense plots and warm atmosphere. The other is a minor, with more than 40 songs, either Jiangnan folk songs or Ming and Qing folk songs. The commonly used ones are night tour, small class, purple bamboo tune, ten flowers and five tones. The timbre is mellow, the rhythm is brisk, both refined and popular, and the local flavor is rich.
Since the lantern class, Tan Yao has been a backyard with four flowers, four danes and three compartments, with a total scale of 12 people. The trunk is a walking platform, that is, props; In the backcourt is a band, playing erhu, Sanxian and Qin Yue. This lineup of four flowers and four denier is called "eight don't dismantle", and this structural model has been preserved.
After the founding of New China, actors in Tan Yao were very active. They created plowing fields, selling flower threads and selling grain. , inspired and educated the masses, praised by cadres and the masses.
1953, 70 beach hot spring actors, including Huang, formed Yuyao Beach Hot Spring Group. 1956, Yuyao Tan Chun was named. In the same year 165438+ 10, Yuyao Yao Troupe was established, which was the only professional performance group of this kind of drama and entered a new stage of historical development.
Yuyao Yao Opera Troupe has adapted some healthy traditional plays, such as Broken Window Building, Picking Pomegranates, Making Water, Garbage Plot, and Double Throwing into the River, and created Family Inheritance, the Fiancee of Volunteers, Zhanghe Bay, Cockcrow at midnight, Soldiers in My Hometown and Jiao Youlu.