The operating system software MS-DOS developed by Microsoft in 198 1 has been used on hundreds of millions of IBM-PCs and their compatible computers. But with the growing strength of Microsoft, Microsoft and IBM have become competitors in many ways.
199 1 year, IBM and Apple dissolved their cooperation with Microsoft, but the cooperation between IBM and Microsoft never stopped, and the two companies maintained a complex relationship of competition and cooperation. Microsoft products include file system software (MS-DOS and Xenix), operating environment software (Windows series), application software MS-Office, multimedia and computer games, computer-related books and CD-ROM products.
1992, the company acquired Fox Company and entered the database software market. 1975 19 Bill Gates dropped out of Harvard University to sell basic programming books with his high school alumnus paul allen.
When Gates was still studying at Harvard University, they used to compile languages for MITS Altair. Later, Gates and Allen moved to Albuquerque and founded Microsoft in a local hotel room.
1979, MITS went bankrupt, and Microsoft continued to develop mainly by modifying its basic procedures. From 65438 to 0977, Microsoft moved to Bellevue, where it developed PC programming software.
1980, IBM chose Microsoft to write key operating system software for its new PC, which was a major turning point in the company's development. Due to the tight time and complicated program, Microsoft spent $50,000 to buy the right to use an operating system from Seattle programmer Patterson, and then rewritten it into disk operating system software (MS-DOS).
At present, the company has branches in more than 60 countries, and the number of employees worldwide is close to 44,000. The popularity of IBM-PC makes MS-DOS a great success, because other PC manufacturers want to be compatible with IBM.
MS-DOS was authorized by many companies, so it became the standard operating system of PC in 1980s. By 1984, Microsoft's sales exceeded 1 billion dollars.
Subsequently, Microsoft continued to develop software for computers of IBM, Apple and Radio Equipment Company, but after 9 1 year, due to conflicts of interest, IBM and Apple had turned against Microsoft. From 65438 to 0983, paul allen left Microsoft because of Hodgkin's disease, and later set up his own company.
Allen owns 65,438+05% shares in Microsoft and still attends the board meeting. 1986, the company went public.
Gates kept 45% of the company's shares, which made him the first billionaire in 1987 personal computer industry. In 1996, his total personal assets have exceeded1800 million dollars.
1997 reached $34 billion. 1998 broke through the 50 billion mark and became the richest man in the world. Microsoft's flagship product, Windows 98/NT/2000/ME/XP/Server 2003, has successfully occupied the vast market from PC to commercial workstations and even servers, bringing huge profits to Microsoft. The company also came from behind in the field of internet software and seized a lot of market share.
There is a saying in the IT software industry: "Never do what Microsoft wants to do". Visible Microsoft's great potential has penetrated into all aspects of the software industry, pervasive and invincible.
Microsoft's great influence has brought great pressure to its software peers, putting itself in the position of defendant in anti-monopoly law. Even Intel, a reliable partner for many years, turned against each other and took it to court.
200 1 September, in view of the economic downturn, the United States * * * intends to revive the American information industry and refuses to split Microsoft. At this point, this case against Microsoft's anti-monopoly law has come to an end.
Microsoft's organizational structure support companies include the following core business groups: Personal Service Group (PSG): led by Bob Muglia, vice president of the group, dedicated to providing more convenient online connections for individual users and enterprise users, and providing software services for various devices. PSG includes individuals from Microsoft. NET initiative, service platform department, mobile group, MSN's Internet access service, user equipment group and user interface platform department.
MSN and personal service business group: led by Yusuf Mehdi, vice president, responsible for the network program development, business development and global marketing and sales of MSN and other Microsoft services, including: MSN eshop, MSN Carpoint, MSN Home Advisor, MSNBC Venture Capital, Slate and MSNTV platform business group. Under the leadership of Jim Allchin, vice president of the Group, he is responsible for constantly improving all aspects of the Windows platform-for example, making storage, communication, message notification, * * * enjoying images and listening to music a natural extension of the Windows experience. In addition, this group includes. NET enterprise server group, development tools department and Windows digital media department.
Office and business services group: led by Jeff Raikes, vice president of the group, is responsible for developing applications and services to improve productivity and business processes. This work includes gradually transforming the fully functional and powerful Microsoft Office into a service-based product.
In addition to the office department, the business tools department, including the business application departments of bCentral and Great Plains, will belong to this department. Global sales, marketing and service group: led by Orlando Ayala, vice president of the group, it integrates Microsoft's sales and service partners to meet the needs of Microsoft users all over the world.
These users include: enterprise users, small and medium-sized institutions, educational institutions, program developers and individual users. In addition, the group also includes Microsoft product support services, network solutions group, enterprise partner group, marketing organization and Microsoft business organizations in three major regions around the world.
Microsoft Research Institute (MSR): led by Rick Rashid, Senior Vice President, is responsible for putting forward creative suggestions and solutions for today's or tomorrow's computing projects to make computers easier to use. At the same time, he is responsible for the software design of the next generation hardware products, perfecting the software design process and studying the mathematical basis of computer science.
More detailed information about MSR can be found on the website of Microsoft Research Institute. Operations Group: led by President and Chief Operating Officer Rick Belluzzo, responsible for managing business operations and all business plans.
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2. The development history of Microsoft Microsoft is the pioneer of global PC software development, with Bill Gates as its core.
The operating system software MS-DOS developed by Microsoft in 198 1 has been used on hundreds of millions of IBM-PCs and their compatible computers. But with the growing strength of Microsoft, Microsoft and IBM have become competitors in many ways.
199 1 year, IBM and Apple dissolved their cooperation with Microsoft, but the cooperation between IBM and Microsoft never stopped, and the two companies maintained a complex relationship of competition and cooperation. Microsoft products include file system software (MS-DOS and Xenix), operating environment software (Windows series), application software MS-Office, multimedia and computer games, computer-related books and CD-ROM products.
1992, the company acquired Fox Company and entered the database software market. 1975 19 Bill Gates dropped out of Harvard University to sell basic programming books with his high school alumnus paul allen.
When Gates was still studying at Harvard University, they used to compile languages for MITS Altair. Later, Gates and Allen moved to Albuquerque and founded Microsoft in a local hotel room.
1979, MITS went bankrupt, and Microsoft continued to develop mainly by modifying its basic procedures. From 65438 to 0977, Microsoft moved to Bellevue, where it developed PC programming software.
1980, IBM chose Microsoft to write key operating system software for its new PC, which was a major turning point in the company's development. Due to the tight time and complicated program, Microsoft spent $50,000 to buy the right to use an operating system from Seattle programmer Patterson, and then rewritten it into disk operating system software (MS-DOS).
At present, the company has branches in more than 60 countries, and the number of employees worldwide is close to 44,000. The popularity of IBM-PC makes MS-DOS a great success, because other PC manufacturers want to be compatible with IBM.
MS-DOS was authorized by many companies, so it became the standard operating system of PC in 1980s. By 1984, Microsoft's sales exceeded 1 billion dollars.
Subsequently, Microsoft continued to develop software for computers of IBM, Apple and Radio Equipment Company, but after 9 1 year, due to conflicts of interest, IBM and Apple had turned against Microsoft. From 65438 to 0983, paul allen left Microsoft because of Hodgkin's disease, and later set up his own company.
Allen owns 65,438+05% shares in Microsoft and still attends the board meeting. 1986, the company went public.
Gates kept 45% of the company's shares, which made him the first billionaire in 1987 personal computer industry. In 1996, his total personal assets have exceeded1800 million dollars.
1997 reached $34 billion. 1998 broke through the 50 billion mark and became the richest man in the world. Microsoft's flagship product, Windows 98/NT/2000/ME/XP/Server 2003, has successfully occupied the vast market from PC to commercial workstations and even servers, bringing huge profits to Microsoft. The company also came from behind in the field of internet software and seized a lot of market share.
There is a saying in the IT software industry: "Never do what Microsoft wants to do". Visible Microsoft's great potential has penetrated into all aspects of the software industry, pervasive and invincible.
Microsoft's great influence has brought great pressure to its software peers, putting itself in the position of defendant in anti-monopoly law. Even Intel, a reliable partner for many years, turned against each other and took it to court.
200 1 September, in view of the economic downturn, the United States * * * intends to revive the American information industry and refuses to split Microsoft. At this point, this case against Microsoft's anti-monopoly law has come to an end.
Microsoft's organizational structure support companies include the following core business groups: Personal Service Group (PSG): led by Bob Muglia, vice president of the group, dedicated to providing more convenient online connections for individual users and enterprise users, and providing software services for various devices. PSG includes individuals from Microsoft. NET initiative, service platform department, mobile group, MSN's Internet access service, user equipment group and user interface platform department.
MSN and personal service business group: led by Yusuf Mehdi, vice president, responsible for the network program development, business development and global marketing and sales of MSN and other Microsoft services, including: MSN eshop, MSN Carpoint, MSN Home Advisor, MSNBC Venture Capital, Slate and MSNTV platform business group. Under the leadership of Jim Allchin, vice president of the Group, he is responsible for constantly improving all aspects of the Windows platform-for example, making storage, communication, message notification, * * * enjoying images and listening to music a natural extension of the Windows experience. In addition, this group includes. NET enterprise server group, development tools department and Windows digital media department.
Office and business services group: led by Jeff Raikes, vice president of the group, is responsible for developing applications and services to improve productivity and business processes. This work includes gradually transforming the fully functional and powerful Microsoft Office into a service-based product.
In addition to the office department, the business tools department, including the business application departments of bCentral and Great Plains, will belong to this department. Global sales, marketing and service group: led by Orlando Ayala, vice president of the group, it integrates Microsoft's sales and service partners to meet the needs of Microsoft users all over the world.
These users include: enterprise users, small and medium-sized institutions, educational institutions, program developers and individual users. In addition, the group also includes Microsoft product support services, network solutions group, enterprise partner group, marketing organization and Microsoft business organizations in three major regions around the world.
Microsoft Research Institute (MSR): led by Rick Rashid, Senior Vice President, is responsible for putting forward creative suggestions and solutions for today's or tomorrow's computing projects to make computers easier to use. At the same time, he is responsible for the software design of the next generation hardware products, perfecting the software design process and studying the mathematical basis of computer science.
More detailed information about MSR can be found on the website of Microsoft Research Institute. Operations Group: led by Rick Belluzzo, President and Chief Operating Officer, responsible for managing business operations and all.
3. The development history of Windows1985 Windows1.
0 officially launched, I believe that the older generation of computer users should be familiar. Windows 2 was launched in June of 1987+00. 0, compared with Windows 1.
Version 0 has improved a lot, but it is still not perfect and the effect is not good. 1990 May Windows 3.
Version 0 was released, during which Microsoft followed up with 2. There are two systems with code names of 286 and 386 after 0, but they have not been noticed by people for their own reasons.
Until 3 o'clock. The appearance of 0 changed this situation, and Windows gradually occupied the personal computer system, 3.
0 also joined multimedia for the first time, and was dubbed "multimedia DOS". 1992 Windows 3。
1 release, system modification 3. 0, and provide more perfect multimedia functions.
Windows system became popular. 1993 1 1 month Windows 3.
The release of 1 1 revolutionized the network function and plug-and-play technology. 1994 Windows 3。
2 release, this is the first time that Windows has a Chinese version! It has been widely used in China. With the release of1Windows 95 on August 24th, 995, the Windows system has undergone a qualitative change, with a brand-new and powerful function, and the DOS era has stepped off the stage.
95 represents the introduction of the "Start" button and toolbar on the desktop of the desktop personal computer, which has been retained in all products after the current window. 1996 August 24th Windows NT4.
0, Microsoft released 3 in 1993 and 1994. 1、3。
Version 5 NT system. Mainly for the server market.
65438+Windows98 was released on June 25th, 0998. On the basis of Windows 95, it improves the support for hardware standards such as MMX and AGP. Other features include support for FAT32 file system, multi-monitor, Internet TV and Inter Explorer integrated into Windows graphical user interface.
Windows 98 SE (second edition) was released in June 1999. It includes a series of improvements, such as Inter Explorer 5 and Windows Netmeeting.
98 is a successful product. Windows Me was released on September 14, 2000, and integrated with Inter Explorer 5.
5 and Windows Media Player 7, the system restore function is another highlight. 2000 65438+February 19 Windows 2000 (also known as Win NT5.
0) Release, one * * * four editions: professional edition, server edition, advanced edition and data center server edition. 200 1 10 Windows XP was released on1October 25th. Windows XP is a product based on Windows 2000 code and has a new user graphical interface (Luna), including some minor modifications.
It integrates firewall, Windows Media Player, instant messaging software (Windows Messenger) and tight integration with Microsoft Pascal network services. It is the system with the highest utilization rate of operating system at present.
Windows 2003 was released at the end of April 2003. It is the latest server operating system of Microsoft and an upgraded version of 2000. Longhorn is the development code of the next version of Microsoft Windows operating system.
It is another important operating system after Windows XP and Windows Server 2003. The system has many new features and technologies, and may be released in early 2006.
The latest one is Windows Vista. Please refer to for details.
4. The development history of Microsoft 1975. Bill Gates dropped out of Harvard University in the United States at the age of 19, and together with his high school alumnus paul allen, he sold Basic (beginner's universal symbol instruction code) and translated Peiji.
Peiji means "all-round symbolic instruction code for beginners", which is a programming language designed for beginners. When Gates was still studying at Harvard University, they used to compile languages for MITS Altair.
Later, Gates and Allen moved to Albuquerque and founded Microsoft in a local hotel room. From 65438 to 0977, Microsoft moved to Bellevue, where it developed PC programming software.
1979, MITS went bankrupt, and Microsoft continued to develop mainly by modifying its basic procedures. At the beginning of the company, it mainly sold basic interpreters.
Computer enthusiasts at that time often developed small BASIC interpreters themselves and distributed them for free. However, because Microsoft is one of the few commercial BASIC interpreters, many home computer manufacturers use Microsoft BASIC interpreters in their systems.
With the rapid growth of Microsoft BASIC interpreter, manufacturers began to adopt the syntax and other functions of Microsoft BASIC to ensure compatibility with existing Microsoft products. It is precisely because of this cycle that Microsoft BASIC has gradually become a recognized market standard, and the company has gradually occupied the whole market.
After that, they tried to enter the home computer market by designing the MSX home computer standard, but the result was not very successful. 1980, IBM chose Microsoft to write key operating system software for its new PC, which was a major turning point in the company's development.
Due to the tight time and complicated program, Microsoft bought the right to use an operating system QDOS from Seattle programmer Tim Paterson for $50,000, and provided it to IBM after partial rewriting, and named it Microsoft DOS (Disk Operating System). The popularity of IBM-PC makes MS-DOS a great success, because other PC manufacturers want to be compatible with IBM.
MS-DOS is authorized in many companies. Therefore, in the 1980s, it became the standard operating system of PC.
1983, Microsoft signed a contract with IBM to provide a basic interpreter and an operating system for IBM PC. By 1984, Microsoft's sales exceeded 1 billion dollars.
Subsequently, Microsoft continued to develop software for computers of IBM, Apple and Radio Equipment Company. With the growing strength of Microsoft, Microsoft and IBM have become competitors in many aspects.
Microsoft Windows 1.0 was released at 1985, which is the first product in the Windows series, and it is also Microsoft's first attempt to conduct a user graphical interface on a personal computer operating platform. 199 1 year, due to the conflict of interests, IBM and Apple terminated their cooperation with Microsoft, but the cooperation between IBM and Microsoft never stopped, and the two companies maintained a complex cooperative and competitive relationship.
Microsoft's products include operating system software MS-DOS and Xenix:Xenix is a personal computer version of Unix operating system, which was developed by Microsoft for Intel processor in 1979, and can also be executed on DECPDP-1/Apple Lisa computer. XENIX inherits the characteristics of UNIX. Xenix has a multi-user and multi-task working environment, which conforms to the interface specification (SVID) of UNIX system v.
From 65438 to 0983, paul allen left Microsoft because of Hodgkin's disease, and later set up his own company. Allen owns 65,438+05% shares in Microsoft and still attends the board meeting.
1986, the company went public. Gates kept 45% of the company's shares, which made him the first billionaire in 1987 personal computer industry.
1992, the company acquired Fox Company and entered the database software market. In the mid-1990s, Microsoft began to expand its product line into the field of computer networks.
On August 24th, Microsoft launched the online service MSN (Microsoft Network), 1995. MSN is a direct competitor of AOL and a major brand of other Microsoft network products.
1On August 24th, 995, Microsoft released Windows system with kernel version number 4.0, which mixed 16-bit /32-bit, and became the most successful operating system at that time. 1996, Microsoft co-founded MSNBC, a comprehensive 24-hour news channel and online news service provider, with American broadcasting giant NBC.
1At the end of 997, Microsoft acquired Hotmail, the earliest and most popular webmail service provider. Hotmail changed its name to MSN Hotmail and became. NET Passport, an integrated login service system.
MSN Messenger is an instant messaging client program launched by Microsoft on 1999. Is the main competitor of AOL instant messaging (AIM) and ICQ. Has been developed into Windows Live Messenger.
From 1995 to 1999, Microsoft has successively established three world-class scientific research, product development and technical support service institutions in China, including Microsoft China R&D Center, Microsoft Global Technical Support Center and Microsoft Research Asia. Microsoft China has become the most complete subsidiary of Microsoft outside the US headquarters. On July 29th, 2009, Yahoo and Microsoft announced an agreement on cooperation in Internet search and online advertising.
The agreement will last for 10 years, Yahoo's website will use Microsoft's newly-launched bing search engine, Microsoft will obtain the exclusive authorization of Yahoo's core search technology 10 years, and Yahoo will be responsible for selling the search advertisements of the two companies worldwide. In addition, Microsoft also agreed that in the first five years of cooperation between the two parties, 88% of the operating income of Yahoo's website was owned by Yahoo.
2011may 10, Microsoft announced that it would acquire Skype for $8.5 billion. This transaction will help Microsoft attract more Internet users and narrow the gap with Google in the Internet advertising market.
This transaction is Microsoft's largest single M&A transaction as of 20 1 1, surpassing the acquisition of online advertising company aQuantiv for $6 billion in 2007. On July 3 1 2002, Microsoft replaced consumers with an extended version of Outlook.