During the 30 years from 1949 to 1978 in the planned economy period, the elevator industry in China developed very slowly. Elevator manufacturers are basically eight elevator manufacturers designated by the Ministry of Construction in the planned economy era, namely Beijing Elevator Factory, Shanghai Elevator Factory, Shenyang Elevator Factory, Suzhou Elevator Factory, Tianjin Elevator Factory, Xi 'an Elevator Factory, Guangzhou Elevator Factory and Shanghai Great Wall Elevator Factory. Eight elevator manufacturers have produced about 1 10,000 elevators in 30 years, and each elevator enterprise can only produce about 40 elevators per year on average. The elevator industry in China is facing the situation of double lack of capital and technology. After the reform and opening up, foreign capital was introduced 1980. The Ministry of Construction organized Beijing Elevator Factory, Shanghai Elevator Factory and Swiss Schindler Group to set up China Schindler Elevator Co., Ltd., and then other state-owned elevator manufacturers successively set up joint ventures with major foreign elevator manufacturers such as Otis, Mitsubishi, Hitachi, Schindler, ThyssenKrupp, Kone, Toshiba and Fujita. When foreign brands entered China in an all-round way, they also brought advanced technology and a lot of money, and the elevator industry in China started. With the advantages of technology, capital, management and tax preference, foreign-funded enterprises once monopolized the elevator market in China. Judging from the process of foreign capital entering the elevator industry in China, it has generally gone through the following four stages: Sino-foreign joint venture, Chinese holding, gradual foreign holding, basic foreign holding, all foreign holding or sole proprietorship. The development of national brands? When foreign brands entered in the early stage, they restrained the development of national brands in China to some extent by virtue of their own technology, brand advantages and domestic tax preferences. During this period, many domestic elevator enterprises were acquired by foreign brands. Since 1990s, some private enterprises have set foot in the elevator manufacturing industry. After years of struggle and exploration, a number of private enterprises have gradually acquired the production capacity of the whole elevator, and the national brand of the elevator industry in China has started. However, at that time, due to the gap between domestic elevator manufacturers and foreign elevator manufacturers in technology and product quality, elevator projects in many large buildings were basically monopolized by foreign brands. At the same time, foreign brands are also increasing their investment in China. In the fierce market competition, many low-level and small-scale national brands are gradually eliminated. Since 2000, the international technical standards, management models and business ideas brought by foreign brands have given birth to the accelerated development of national elevator enterprises in China. The demonstration role of modern enterprises has enabled national enterprises to see their own positioning and way out, and some domestic elevators have entered a stage of rapid development in technology, quality, management and service. With the advantages of flexible operating mechanism and high cost performance, national enterprises have gradually developed from zero market share in the initial period to about 30% in China at present, breaking the monopoly position of foreign brands. A few large-scale national enterprises such as Li Kang, Jiangnan Jiajie and Bolin have formed a complete business chain from R&D, design and manufacturing to installation and maintenance in a relatively short period of time, and they have the strength to compete with foreign-funded enterprises in the technology and quality of some elevator products. Their products not only occupy a place in China's elevator market, but also are exported to Southeast Asia, Europe, America, Oceania and other regions, accounting for 30% of China's elevator export market, initially showing China to the world. ?