In March of that year, Song Jun defeated Yelusha and Tal, Liao reinforcements in Baimaling (now north of Yuxian County, Shaanxi Province), and the Liao army was defeated, so it could no longer send troops to rescue the Northern Han Dynasty. In May, the Northern Han Dynasty surrendered to the Song Dynasty. At this point, the separatist regime was pacified and the recovery of hidden clouds was put on the agenda.
In June 979, after the Northern Han Dynasty was pacified, Song Taizong and Zhao Guangyi were exhausted without any mental preparation and military preparation in advance, ignoring Song Jun's hard attack for several months. The troops consumed a lot and did not receive regular rewards after victory; Disappointed morale, hot weather and other unfavorable factors, in an attempt to pursue victory, immediately captured the thistle original. All the generals are unwilling to go because their teachers are too tired. Only Cui Han thinks it's now or never. If he can take this opportunity to break the bamboo, he will go to Youzhou to get something.
Zhao Guangyi decided to gather troops in Zhou Zhen (now Zhengding, Hebei Province) and prepare to attack Youzhou (now Beijing). On June 13, Song Taizong couldn't wait until all the Northern Expedition troops arrived at the assembly site, so he couldn't wait to lead his troops north. 19, entered Liao territory. The next day, Song Jun defeated the Liao army in Shahe (now Yishui North, Yixian County, Hebei Province). Liu Yu, commander of Qigou Pass in Yizhou, Liaodong (now southwest of Zhuoxian County, Hebei Province), surrendered to the Song Dynasty in Yizhou. On 21st, Song Taizong entered Zhuozhou (now Zhuoxian, Hebei Province), and Liu Yuande, the secretariat of Zhuozhou, Liaoning Province, surrendered to the Song Dynasty. On 23rd, Song Jun arrived in the south of Youzhou and defeated more than 65,438+0,000 Liao soldiers stationed in the north of the city. On 26th, Song Taizu, Cui, and Meng Xuanzhe were ordered to besiege the city on all sides. Han Derang and Lu Ye Xuegu in Nanjing, Liaoning Province comforted the soldiers and civilians, held fast to the city and asked for reinforcements. Yelv Xietie and other departments stationed in the north of Qingsha River (now Changping, Beijing) to support Youzhou. At the end of June, the Liao army sent five hospitals, with Yelvsha and Yelvxiuge as generals, to help Youzhou. Song Jun besieged the city for more than ten days. Although he once boarded the wall of Youzhou by night, he soon lost his position and failed to break into the city.
On the sixth day of July, Yelushi led Liao reinforcements to the gates of Youzhou, where they fought at the edge of the Gaoliang River (now outside Xizhimen, Beijing). The first battle of Liao army was unfavorable, but it had little effect. Yelvxiuge and Yelvxiejun arrived in time, and the left and right wings attacked Song Jun. The Liao army in Youzhou City also opened the door to meet. Song Jun was defeated and Zhao Guangyi was wounded by an arrow, so he survived. Liao army went north to Zhuozhou, seized a lot of ordnance resources, and defeated Song Jun's first Northern Expedition.
The failure of Zhao Guangyi's first Northern Expedition was due to Song Jun's arduous struggle before reaching Youzhou, which consumed a lot and was not fully supplemented, and the combat effectiveness of the troops had been weakened. The Liao army was stronger than Mazhuang, and its fighting capacity and morale were not greatly weakened because of the First World War of Baimaling. Song Taizong knows nothing about his bosom friend, but he can't know him. After pacifying the Northern Han Dynasty, he got carried away and made the mistake of underestimating his enemy, hoping to wipe out the states of Youyun easily. After encountering the loyal opposition of Liao army, Song Jun lacked sufficient siege equipment and determination, did not deploy enough troops to stop the enemy's reinforcements, and occupied a strategic position to stop the enemy's reinforcements. When the Liao soldiers arrived at the gates of Youzhou without hindrance, they had to mobilize the exhausted army to attack the city in a hurry. The result can only be defeated by the Liao army's internal and external converging attack.
After the war of Gaolianghe, the Liao army crossed the border to the south several times. In 982, after the death of Liao Jingzong, the Liao army stopped invading the south. The two sides are in a state of truce. However, at the same time, Song Taizong has been preparing for the second Northern Expedition, in order to recover Youzhou and avenge.
In 986, Song entered (now Xiongxian County, Hebei Province) as a satrap, etc. It is said that the Liao Dynasty was less suspicious of the country, the mother was authoritarian, the courtiers used things, and the people complained about the disease. Someone suggested taking this opportunity to go directly to the cloud. In fact, at this time, the ruling clique of Liao Dynasty was harmonious and politically wise. There is no actual situation that there is nothing to use, and the preparation for the Northern Expedition is not sufficient, and there is not much chance of winning. Without consulting with the prime minister, he decided to fight against Liao and launch a large-scale northern expedition in three ways.
Cao Bin is the commander of the Song East Road Army, and Cui is the lieutenant; The other is Mi Xin as commander in chief and Du Yangui as deputy commander in chief. With more than 100,000 troops, it is the main force of the Northern Expedition.
The whole army pointed directly at Youzhou from Xiongzhou.
With Tian Chongjin as the main general, the Middle Route Army attacked Hu Fei (now Laiyuan, Hebei) and Yuzhou (now Yuxian, Hebei) from Dingzhou (now Dingxian, Hebei). With Pan Mei as the general and Yang Ye as the lieutenant, the marked army went out of Yanmen (now Daixian County, Shanxi Province) and attacked Yun Yun (now datong county, Shanxi Province), Shuozhou (now Dongmayi Town, Shuoxian County, Shanxi Province) and Yingzhou (now Yingxian County, Shanxi Province).
Song Taizong's strategy was that the Eastern Route Army threatened to attack Youzhou while being cautious and slow, attracting the main force of the Liao Army and making it too busy to look west. After capturing the states behind the mountain, the Chinese and Western Second Roads will join forces with the Eastern Route Army in the east, and then jointly capture Youzhou.
The strategic deployment of Liao Army was to defend Song Dong Route Army with Yelvxiuge, Zhong Song Route Army and West Route Army with Yelvxiuge, and Pingzhou (now Lulong, Hebei Province) with Qinde, so as to ensure the rear and side safety. Liao Shengzong and Xiao Taihou led the strategic reserve team in Youzhou. Its strategy is to contain the Zhong Song Road and the marked army with a local division, first defeat the Song Dong Road Army with the main force, and then repel the other two armies one by one.
Since the beginning of the war, the Second Route Army and the West Route Army in Song Dynasty have been progressing smoothly, connecting the states of Wei, Huan, Shuo, Ying and Yun. The Eastern Route Army captured Gu 'an and Xincheng (now southeast of Hebei Xincheng) in early March, and occupied Zhuozhou on 13th. Yelvxiuge avoided the decisive battle with Song Jun, but only harassed Song Jun with small troops and blocked its route for providing foodstuff. Cao Bin went to Zhuozhou and came back. After more than ten days, he retreated to Xiongzhou because of lack of food and grass.
After receiving the report, Zhao Guangyi thought that the enemy was just around the corner, and returning to the army was a taboo for military strategists. He immediately ordered the East Route Army not to retreat or re-enter, and ordered Cao Bin to lead his troops to meet Mi Xin along Baigou, and then to meet the North after the middle and west roads captured the mountains. And Cao Bin's generals, after hearing the news of Lien Chan's victory in the West Road, were afraid of falling behind, and all actively sought war and urged them to go north. Cao Bin couldn't help it, so he had to lead the troops north again. Along the way, Song Jun was repeatedly blocked by the Liao army and walked while playing. It was very hot that day, and the soldiers consumed a lot of physical strength. When we arrived in Zhuozhou, the whole army was exhausted.
At this time, it was Yelvxiuge who confronted Cao Bin. Xiao Taihou, Liao Shengzong and Tolokou were 25 kilometers east of Zhuozhou and captured Gu 'an. Cao Bin led Song Jun to run out of grain and grass, so it was difficult to stick to the refusal to fight, and faced with the threat of the main converging attack of Liao army, and retreated to the southwest. On the third day of May, Liao army chased Song Jun in Qigou Pass, defeated Cao Bin and Mi Xinjun, and chased Juma River. Song Jun drowned countless people. Yu Zhong ran to Levin and was hit by Liao cavalry. Tens of thousands of people died and abandoned soldiers piled up like mountains.
After the Qigou War, Liaoxi moved to conquer the flying fox and the three kingdoms of Wei, Huan and Ying. Yang Ye was seriously injured and captured in the Song Dynasty, and died unyielding. The States behind the mountain fell into the hands of Liao.
The failure of Song Taizong's second Northern Expedition was still due to ignorance and inadequate preparation. During the regency period, Liao was in the stage of strong national strength. Song Taizong can't see all this and doesn't want to make full preparations for the war. He failed to build a powerful army with many cavalry, and relied on this army to destroy the main force of the Liao army. He just wanted to win by luck, using infantry against cavalry, and the result could only end in failure. Although his converging attack strategy is feasible, if we choose an agent like Cao Bin who lacks sufficient military talent to implement this strategy without the support of a strong strategic reserve, failure is inevitable.
The main reason for the victory of Liao army was internal harmony, the soldiers were stronger than Ma Zhuang and the command was correct. Before the formation of Song Jun's converging attack, the Liao army was able to concentrate its forces, master fighters, use its own cavalry to attack Song Jun, whose combat effectiveness has been greatly weakened, and dare to bravely pursue and expand the results.
After defeating Song Jun's attack again, the Liao army turned to take the offensive.
In 999, the Liao army went south, and the strikers arrived in Xing (now Xingtai, Hebei), Ming (now southeast of Yongnian, Hebei), Zi (now south of Zibo, Shandong) and Qi (now Jinan, Shandong).
In September 1004, the Liao army went south again under the command of Xiao Taihou and Liao Shengzong. After the Liao army invaded Song territory, it sent messengers to please him. In October, after defeating the main force of Song Jun deployed in the front line, the Liao army moved to the east to attack Yingzhou (now Hejian, Hebei Province). Song Li Zhizhou led people to stick to Yanzhou. Liao army besieged for many days and stormed day and night, killing more than 30 thousand people. The city still couldn't hold on, so it had to move south and send a messenger of peace. In November, the Liao army arrived in Yizhou (now Puyang, Henan), and general Xiao Ting was shot to death with a crossbow. At the same time, Enemy at the Gates, the Liao army, confronted Song Zhenzong and Song Jun and made peace with Song Fang. At this time, although the Liao army had defeated the main force of Song Jun's front line, it marched in and conquered the three cities of Qi (now Anguo, Hebei Province), Deqing Army (now Qingfeng, Henan Province) and Tongli Army (now Xunxian, Henan Province), but the vast Hebei area was still in the hands of the Song people. Before the Liao army, there were strong waters and main forces, and after that, there were Song and Hebei soldiers and civilians waiting for opportunities. The whole army was caught between Scylla and Charybdis. After the first world war in Yingzhou, the Liao army suffered heavy losses, the generals died, the momentum was frustrated, and they plundered and found nothing, and they were defeated.
The situation is out of control. I dare not put all my eggs in one basket when the odds are not high. I want to fight it out with Song Jun's cutting-edge morale. I just want to settle the dispute through peace talks. Song people decided to make peace because they could not defeat the Liao army for many years and won the final victory.
In December, Song and Liao made peace, and the two sides were about brotherly countries, recognizing the border reality. Song gave Liao 65438+ 2 million silver and 200,000 silks every year. This is the so-called "Yuan Dynasty Alliance" in history. Since then, Song and Liao countries have maintained peaceful and friendly relations for more than 100 years.