List of National Heroes in China in Past Dynasties
Guan Zhong, Meng Tian, Li Guang, Wei Qing, Huo Qubing, Zhao Chongguo, Chen Tang, Ma Yuan, Ban Chao, Ran Min, Zuti, Xie Xuan, Tan Daoji, Chen Qingzhi, Li Jing, Li Xue, Su Lie, Xu Shiqi, Gao Xianzhi, Guo Ziyi, Yang Ye, Di Qing, Cao Wei, Li Jilong, breeder. Fu Youde, Yu Qian, Hu Zongxian, Qi Jiguang, Yu, Sun Chengzong, Deng Zilong, Li, Yuan Chonghuan, Shi Kefa, Yan Yingyuan, He Tengjiao, Xia Wanchun, Zhang Huangyan, Li Dingguo and Zheng Chenggong.
Modern national hero
Sun Yixian
Sun Yat-sen (1866- 1925), whose real name is Rixin, also known as Yixian, was named Xiang Di and alias Zhongshan. Sun Yat-sen was a famous national hero who resisted the rule of Manchu. Born in Cuiheng Village, Xiangshan County, Guangdong Province (Zhongshan City). As a teenager, influenced by the tradition of Guangdong people's struggle, he yearned for the revolutionary cause of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. He was a pioneer of China's modern democratic revolution, the founder of the Republic of China and the Kuomintang of China, and an advocate of the Three People's Principles. For the first time, under the banner of complete anti-feudalism, he "started the republic and ended the monarchy". 1905, China League was established. 19 1 1 After the Revolution of 1911, he was elected as the interim president of the Republic of China. Dr. Sun Yat-sen died in Beijing on 12, 1925 in March, and on June 1, 1929, according to his wishes, the mausoleum was permanently moved and buried in Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in Zijinshan, Nanjing. [1] 1940, the national government issued an order to the whole country, honoring it as "the father of the Republic of China". Sun Yat-sen is the author of General Plan for the Founding of the People's Republic of China, Outline for the Founding of the People's Republic of China and Three People's Principles. After his death, his works were collected and published many times, including eleven volumes of The Complete Works of Sun Yat-sen published by Zhonghua Book Company 1986, and The Complete Works of Sun Yat-sen published by Taipei 1969, 1973, 1985. Sun Yat-sen was a great forerunner of China's democratic revolution. He devoted his life to transforming China, made indelible contributions in history and left a precious legacy for his successors politically.
1925 March 12, died of liver cancer in Beijing. The will he signed on the eve of his death included three documents: a national will, a family will and a letter to Russia. In his national will, he summed up forty years of revolutionary experience and concluded: "We must arouse the people, unite the nations that treat me equally in the world and fight together." It issued a call that "the revolution has not yet succeeded, and comrades still have to work hard." It is pointed out that we should continue to work hard to implement the general program, outline, the three people's principles and the declaration of the first national congress. In the family will, it is stated that the books, clothes and houses left behind are left to Soong Ching Ling as a souvenir, and children are required to inherit his revolutionary legacy. In his suicide note to Russia, he clarified his firm belief in carrying out the three revolutionary policies and persisting in the anti-imperialist patriotic cause, saying that "I hope that the dawn will soon break, when the Soviet Union will welcome a strong and independent China as a good friend and ally, and the two countries will advance hand in hand in the war for the freedom of the oppressed nations in the world in order to win". 1929, the body was moved from Beijing to Nanjing Zijinshan.
Xie zhenguo
Xie Zhenguo, a famous anti-Japanese national hero in eastern Hebei (19/kloc-0-1940), was elected as the captain of the picket team of Zhaogezhuang miners in March 1938. On May 6, a large number of Japanese puppet military police surrounded Jie's family and searched for Jie Zhenguo and other workers' leaders. The enemy seized his brother who knew Zhen Guo, and Xie Zhenguo, who had just returned from underground, rushed to fight the enemy to the death. In the struggle, he grabbed the saber of the Japanese gendarmerie captain, hacked to death the Japanese gendarmerie captain and several Japanese puppet troops on the spot, and then rushed out of the enemy's encirclement and pursuit with the help of workers, and escaped from danger and was injured. The news that Xie Zhenguo hacked to death the Japanese Gendarmerie shocked Jidong and aroused people's anti-Japanese sentiment. Even the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in northern Shaanxi knows about it. Comrade Mao Zedong praised Xie Zhenguo as a national hero. When Xie Zhenguo came back from injury, it happened that the special committee of Hebei-Hot Border Region of the Communist Party of China launched a large-scale anti-Japanese riot in eastern Hebei according to the instructions of the CPC Central Committee. After hearing the news, he quickly contacted the miners, erected the anti-Japanese flag, set up workers' anti-Japanese guerrillas and participated in the riots. Soon, he led his troops to join the Li Yunchang Department of Jidong Anti-Japanese Allied Forces, and was made into the first spy brigade directly under the Second Road Command of Jidong Anti-Japanese Allied Forces, that is, the workers' spy brigade, with Xie Zhenguo as the battalion chief. 1938 Since July, Xie Zhenguo led troops to be active in mining areas and vast rural areas, mobilized miners to participate in anti-Japanese armed forces, and attacked Japanese puppet troops in mysterious ways, which was a great shock to Jidong. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/939, Xie Zhenguo gloriously joined China. 1 August 9401day, Xie Zhenguo, an outstanding fighter of the working class and an anti-Japanese national hero, led his troops to fight against the Japanese puppet troops and made a heroic sacrifice.
king
1893 was born in a small merchant family, Xindu, Sichuan. 1909 graduated from Xindu Senior High School and was admitted to Sichuan Army Primary School. 19 1 1 year, he participated in the anti-Qing struggle of Comrade Lu Bao's army. 19 12, transferred to Baoding Military Academy and left school after graduation. 19 14 graduated from the third infantry division of Sichuan army college and served as platoon leader in Liu Cunhou's department of Sichuan army. 19 16, Bao Guo asked Yuan to be injured in the battle and was promoted to company commander and battalion commander. Later, he participated in the street fighting of warlords in Chengdu and was seriously injured. Because he was brave and good at fighting, he was gradually promoted by middle and lower officers. 1920, Sichuan army was reorganized and served as the seventh division commander. 1924 was promoted to brigade commander of the 25th Brigade of the 3rd Division of Sichuan Army. 1925, promoted to teacher. 1926 served as the fourth division commander of 29 army. 1935, 29 army was reorganized into 4 1 army, served as the division commander of 4 1 army 122, and was awarded as a major general. 1936 was promoted to lieutenant general. 1On July 7th, 937, the Lugouqiao Incident broke out. Please join the Anti-Japanese War. On September 6, the station held an anti-Japanese swearing-in meeting. On September 12, he led the troops out of Sichuan on foot and went to the anti-Japanese front to kill the enemy. 101October 2 1 day, went to the Niangziguan area in eastern Shanxi to stop the Japanese army from advancing westward. 10 year 10 On October 24th, in the middle zone between Donghui Village and Xi Hui Village in the southwest of Niangziguan, an encounter was launched with the Japanese army. On the 26th, he was ordered to defend Yuci Taiyuan. After the Japanese army captured North China, Shanghai and Nanjing, it attempted to attack the north and the south at the same time, get through Jinpu Road and occupy Xuzhou. At the beginning of 1938, he was ordered to leave for Xuzhou and Dangshan. Acting as the commander of 4 1 army, serving as the commander-in-chief in front. 1February, 938, Japanese troops captured Yanzhou, Qufu and Zouxian counties along the Jin-Pu Railway. The Theater Command urgently ordered 4 1 Army to head for tengxian. On March 14, the Japanese army launched a full-scale attack on our position with artillery, tanks and planes. Our army fought to the death with the determination of "losing to the enemy, losing to the enemy" and kept the border position. The next day, in order to prevent the enemy from surrounding him, he transferred the troops serving as the Yugoslav capital in tengxian to support the front line and deployed northwest tengxian. However, the enemy attacked Knee County with more than 10,000 troops. At this time, the strength of tengxian is only 2,000, so it is very difficult to resist the onslaught of 1 10,000 well-equipped enemy troops. 16, the Japanese army began to bombard Chicheng with heavy artillery and planes, and the people in the city fled. He is determined to fight to the death with the belief that "the city exists, and the city dies." Dongguan was bombarded by the enemy, and the enemy swarmed in. Our army concentrated on throwing two or three hundred grenades, killing more than fifty people. After repeated attacks, the enemy was killed 100, and our army suffered nearly 100 casualties. The two sides started hand-to-hand combat. The enemy troops surged by more than 30,000 people, with more than 70 mountain guns and field guns and four or five chariots, and surrounded tengxian. On June 5438+07, the enemy bombed the county seat with artillery and planes, and then covered the charge with tanks. He commanded the troops to launch a thrilling hand-to-hand battle with the enemy. When the situation was critical, he personally went to the city to supervise the war and was determined to live and die with the city. When the Japanese invaded from Xicheng, they led the rest of the people to fight with the enemy in the street. During the trip, he was shot in the abdomen, seriously injured and bleeding profusely. In order not to be a prisoner, he shouted "Anti-Japanese War to the end", raised his gun and hanged himself bravely. His patriotic spirit and heroic behavior greatly boosted morale, and all officers and men fought to the death and struggled hard. The battle of tengxian lasted for three days and nights, which prevented a large number of Japanese troops from invading Xuzhou, won the deployment time for Lunan troops and laid the foundation for the victory of Taierzhuang War. After he died for his country, he was posthumously awarded as an army general. At the beginning of May, when his coffin arrived at Wuhan Dazhimen Railway Station, it was greeted by thousands of people. Wu and Dong, representatives of the Communist Party of China, and representatives of the Eighth Route Army attended the ceremony. Wu and Dong sent elegiac couplets: "It is the true nature of revolutionary soldiers to fight in a lonely city, defend it to the death, and be determined to destroy strong enemies and win glory for the Chinese nation." Zhu De, Peng, and Zhang jointly wrote an elegiac couplet: "One brigade defended the isolated city and sacrificed for the cause of national liberation. It is really a descendant of the Chinese people and will be remembered by history; Ten thousand people are indignant, and resisting Japanese imperialist aggression will destroy the country and revive China. " On June 5th, 1938, more than 80,000 people from Chengdu went to Niushikou to meet the deceased. On August 30th, Zhonggu was transported to Xindu for burial. The next day, a public sacrifice of tens of thousands of people was held in Xindu, and several planes distributed leaflets promoting his deeds in the air. Later, a bronze statue of the general riding a horse was cast in Chengdu Shaocheng Park, expressing the reverence of the Sichuan people for the anti-Japanese heroes. 30 years old.
Zhang Zizhong
Zhang Zizhong (189 1- 1940), a native of Linqing, Shandong Province, was an anti-Japanese general. 19 1 1 sneaked into the league while studying at Tianjin University of Political Science and Law. /kloc-joined the army in 0/914. 19 17 joined Feng Yuxiang's department and served as battalion commander, colonel, brigade commander and teacher. 1930 After the Central Plains War, Feng Yuxiang's military group collapsed and Zhang Zizhong's troops were incorporated by Chiang Kai-shek. 193 1 year later, Zhang Zizhong served as the commander of the 38th division, the commander of the 59th army, the commander-in-chief of the 33rd army, and the commander of the right-wing corps in the 5th theater in 29 army. 1937, after the fall of Shanghai and Nanjing, the Japanese invaders directed their troops at Xuzhou in order to seize this strategic position. 1in March, 938, the Japanese army invested 70,000 to 80,000 troops and marched into Taierzhuang in the northeast of Xuzhou in two ways. In Linyi and tengxian, there was a fierce battle with the China army. Linyi was guarded by the 3rd Army of Pang Bingxun at that time. Due to the disparity in strength and heavy casualties, Pang Department is in urgent need of reinforcements. Zhang Zizhong sent the 59th Army to reinforce in time at the speed of 180 Ali day and night. Zhang Zizhong and Pang Bingxun used to be feuds, but he put the interests of the country and the nation first, abandoned personal grievances and led his troops to fight side by side with Pompo. Under the cover of planes and artillery, the enemy cooperated with tanks and armored vehicles to attack the Chashan position. Zhang Zizhong, with the determination to "kill the enemy to the death" and "serve the country urgently", waged fierce battles with the enemy and fought hand-to-hand for many times. Chashan Yatou and Liujiahu positions were recovered three or four times, and the situation was extremely tragic. After several days of fierce fighting, the enemy was hit hard and lost ground. China's army recovered Mengyin and Juxian successively, annihilating more than 4,000 people. Soon, the Japanese army sent Sakamoto Brigade to attack Linyi and Sanguan Temple in an attempt to make a breakthrough. Zhang Zizhong and Pang Bingxun fought fiercely. After a night of fierce fighting, the Japanese army suffered heavy losses, and its strategic attempt to reinforce the front line of Taierzhuang was completely shattered, ensuring the victory of the Taierzhuang War.
1940 In May, in order to control the traffic on the Yangtze River and cut off the transportation line to Chongqing, the Japanese army assembled 300,000 troops and launched the Zaoyi Campaign. At that time, only two regiments of the 33rd Army of the Chinese Army were stationed on the west bank of Xianghe. Zhang Zizhong, as the commander-in-chief of the army, could have avoided personally leading the troops to attack and fight, but he insisted on being left by the deputy commander-in-chief, regardless of the repeated dissuasion of his subordinates.
1 May, 9401day, Zhang Zizhong personally told all the troops and generals: "The country has reached such a state that there is no other way but to die for it. I believe that as long as we make up our minds, our country, our 5,000-year-old nation, will never die at the hands of just three island slaves. The determination to die for the country and the nation is unclear, the stone is not rotten, and it will never change. " After Zhang Zizhong led more than 2,000 people to cross the Xianghe River eastward, he fought bravely all the way to stop the Japanese 13 Division. The Japanese army then surrounded and attacked Zhang Zizhong and his men with superior forces. Zhang Zizhong did not flinch, and commanded his troops to annihilate the enemy 10, which was one and a half times more than them. The Japanese suffered heavy casualties.
1940 May 15, 10000 More than 100 Japanese troops attacked the troops led by Zhang Zizhong in two ways. At the dawn of 16, Zhang Zizhong was forced to retreat to the Pumpkin Shop Shili Changshan Mountain. Under the cover of planes and artillery, the Japanese army stormed the positions of the China army. Fire nine charges day and night. The casualties of Zhang Zizhong's troops rose sharply, and the war situation was unprecedented.
1940 May 16 Within one day, Zhang Zizhong kept calling from morning till night to ask for the war supervisor. At noon, he was shot in the left arm and still insisted on commanding the operation. By 2 pm, there were only a few hundred officers and men left in Zhang Zizhong. He transferred all his guards to the front to reinforce, leaving only eight people, including the senior staff officer and the adjutant Ma. He took out his pen and wrote the last report of nearly a hundred words to the theater command. When he handed it to the horse, he said, "I died in a hard battle. I have no conscience for my country and nation." You should try your best to kill the enemy and don't live up to my ambition. " Later, Zhang Zizhong was hit in the waist by a machine gun bullet. He fell to the ground and fought bloody battles, and finally died heroically.
After Zhang Zizhong died, the Japanese army found the body of General Zhang, recognized it as right, worshipped it together, buried it with good wood, and erected a' re sign. The whole army saluted him. Even when his body was transported back to the rear, the Japanese army ordered to stop air strikes for one day, so as not to hurt Zhang Zizhong's loyal bones. It can be seen that the military virtue of General Zhang Zizhong in the Anti-Japanese War moved even the Japanese army which advocated militarism at that time.
Chiang Kai-shek was shocked to hear of Zhang Zizhong's martyrdom, and immediately ordered the 5th Theater to recapture Zhang Zizhong's body at all costs. /kloc-more than 0/00 excellent soldiers took back General Zhang's bones and transported them to Chongqing overnight. When the coffin passed through Yichang, flags were flown at half mast in the city, and more than 100,000 people went to pay their respects. When the coffin arrived in Chongqing, Chiang Kai-shek made a special trip to meet the coffin, caressed the coffin and wept bitterly, and wrote the plaque "Heroes and Heroes for a Thousand Years" in recognition. Mao Zedong wrote a eulogy of "serving the country faithfully". Zhang Zizhong was only 50 years old when he was martyred. His wife, Ms. Li Minhui, fasted for seven days and died. The husband and wife were buried together at the foot of Meihua Mountain in Chongqing. Later, General Zhang Zizhong Cemetery and General Zhang Zizhong Life Story Exhibition Hall were built. Zhou Enlai once personally wrote an article praising Zhang Zizhong's "loyalty and heroism, which can be the soul of China's anti-Japanese soldiers".
Yang Jingyu
Yang Jingyu (1905 ~ 1940) is a proletarian revolutionary and national hero in China, one of the founders of the Soviet area in Hubei, Henan and Anhui and the Red Army, and one of the main forces of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition. Formerly known as Ma Shangde, the word Jisheng. 1905 was born in liwan village, Queshan county, Henan province on February 26th (the 31st year of Guangxu reign of Qing dynasty 1 23rd). Father Ma Xiling is a poor farmer. Yang Jingyu entered a private school at the age of eight. 19 18 entered Queshan senior primary school. 1923 entered Kaifeng textile dyeing and weaving industrial school and began to accept Marxism. /kloc-0 joined the Chinese communist youth league in June, 925. 1March, 927, in order to welcome the victory of the Northern Expeditionary Army and advance northward, he led the peasant uprising in Queshan. Joined China in May of the same year. At the beginning of 1928, he was transferred to the Henan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, and was arrested and imprisoned in Luoyang and Kaifeng three times. 1929, he went to the northeast on the orders of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and served as the secretary of Fushun Teke. He was arrested in the autumn of the same year and insisted on fighting in prison. 193 1 After the September 18th Incident, he was released from prison and served as secretary of the Harbin Municipal Party Committee, member of the Manchurian Provincial Party Committee and acting secretary of the Military Commission, actively leading the anti-Japanese struggle of the Northeast people. 1933 Served as the political commissar of Nanman Guerrilla of the 32nd Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army, and the first independent division commander and political commissar of the Northeast People's Revolutionary Army. 1934 served as commander-in-chief of the South Manchuria Anti-Japanese Coalition and commander and political commissar of the First Army of the Northeast People's Revolutionary Army. From 65438 to 0937, he served as commander-in-chief and political commissar of the First Route Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces, with a basic team of more than 6,000 people, who were distributed in Nanman area to carry out the anti-Japanese struggle. After the Lugouqiao Incident, Yang Jingyu launched the Western Expedition, which often hit the Japanese army to support the struggle inside Shanhaiguan Pass. 1in may, 938, party and army cadres in southern Manchuria were called to discuss and adhere to the guerrilla strategy. After the meeting, the anti-Japanese struggle was launched in Tonghua and Linjiang, which dealt a heavy blow to the enemy and puppet troops. In the winter of the same year, the Japanese invaders carried out the inhuman policy of returning to villages and merging households, colluded with Japanese armed settlers, and strengthened the destruction of the anti-Japanese base areas in Nanman, making the situation of the anti-Japanese Coalition forces even more difficult. Yang Jingyu led the 1st Route Army 1400 people into the dense forest of Changbai Mountain. The following year, he suffered heavy losses in the battle with the enemy in Mengjiang County, leaving only more than 400 people. 1June, 940, in order to solve the supply problem of the army, the main force of the army was ordered to go north and lead a small group of troops to the east. On February 23, he met several villagers alone in Qiansan Road, Baoan Village, Mengjiang County, Jilin Province, and one of them went back to Datun to inform the Japanese and puppet authorities. The kwantung army punitive team surrounded the general and urgently convened a puppet Manchukuo secret service team composed of anti-union traitors to participate in the war; After several hours of fierce fighting, the general was hit by a traitor's machine gun and died heroically.
Liren Sun
Sun Liren was born in Sanhe (now Feixi County), Shucheng County, Anhui Province, and Jinniu Town, Lujiang County, Anhui Province. Graduated from Tsinghua University and Virginia Military Academy. In the Republic of China, he was the rank of second-class general in the army and served as the commander of the 38 th division in the first Burma War. He killed more than 2,000 people in the battle of Jeb Pass in Mengguan [65,438+0] and 65,438+02,000 people in the battle of Meng Gong Valley. When he entered Myanmar for the second time, he was the commander of the new army and conquered bhamo, Nankan, Laolongshan, Nanbaka, Xinwei, Lashio and Nanbaka. He is the general who annihilated the Japanese army the most among the middle-level generals in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and has the reputation of "the fox in the jungle" and "Rommel in the East".
Dai Anlan
Dai Anlan (1904 ~ 1942), a famous national soldier, is one of the backbones of Huangpu Department. Formerly known as Dai, Zi, self-named Seagull, Han nationality, from Fenghe Natural Village, Lianxi Community, Ren Quan Township, Wuwei County, Anhui Province. 1926 graduated from whampoa military academy in the third phase. He fought bloody battles in Gubeikou, and later made achievements in the Battle of Taierzhuang (attacking Taodun by fire/outwitting Zhu Zhuang/fighting in Guoliji), defeating the main force of the ninth Japanese division on Ruiyang Highway (belonging to Wuhan Battle), repelling the Japanese attack in Ai Shan position (belonging to Xuzhou Battle), conquering Kunlun Pass/killing Major General Masao Nakamura (belonging to Kunlun Pass Battle), and so on. Jiang Zhongzheng was awarded the "Contemporary Standard Young General" for the Battle of Kunlun Pass. He was the first China soldier to win an American medal in World War II.
1942, he led the 200 th division as the vanguard of the Chinese expeditionary force to Myanmar. With the ancient (destroy the enemy more than five thousand people, the Japanese army is four times the generation of the Ministry) battle victory, recover Tangji. 1942 18 was seriously injured in the breakout battle in Lang Ke area on May 8th, and died heroically in Maobang village in northern Myanmar at 5: 40pm on 26th. 1939 June 17, awarded to Major General Army. 1942 10 10 month 16, posthumously awarded to Lieutenant General.