The word is solid. Han nationality, from Huiji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang).

In forty-three years of Qianlong (1778), he was a scholar and an official in imperial academy. He gave lectures in Ding Wu, Dingzhou and Lianchi College, Baoding, and specialized in local chronicles for the North and South Local Records Museum.

Zhang Xuecheng advocated that "the six classics are all history", and the study of classics and history have their own characteristics. Literature, History and Tongyi, a book with 9 volumes (6 internal chapters and 3 external chapters), is a famous academic theoretical work in the middle of Qing Dynasty.

Zhao Yi (1727 ~1814 65438+10/0) was a writer and historian in Qing Dynasty. The word Yun Song and the word Yun Song are called Oubei and Qiuchuli. Is a 35-year-old man, Han nationality, Jiangsu Yanghu (now Changzhou, Jiangsu).

Qianlong was a scholar in the twenty-sixth year. Officials are the most important.

Announced his resignation and gave lectures at Anding College. He is good at history and textual research.

On the poet's originality and anti-imitation. Some of the May 7th Poems ridiculed Neo-Confucianism, implying dissatisfaction with current politics, and they were called the three masters of spiritualism in Qing Dynasty together with Yuan Mei and Zhang Wentao.

Notes on Twenty-two Histories, Wang Mingsheng on Seventeen Histories and Textual Research on Twenty-two Histories of Qian Daxin are collectively called three historical masterpieces. Hong Mai (1123 ——1202) was born in Poyang, Raozhou, Southern Song Dynasty (now Poyang County, Shangrao City, Jiangxi Province). His name is Lu Jing and Rong Zhai, and he is the third son of Hong Hao.

Famous litterateur in Southern Song Dynasty.

2. It's hard to know. Which ancient text is difficult to understand?

Author: Zhang Xuecheng

original text

Why is it so difficult? Is it hard to know? The reason why a lady is a knower is because she doesn't know her first and last name, her voice and her smile. Read his book and know what he said and why he said it. People who know their names are all over the world; He who knows his words has a thousand words; Few people in the world know what they say, and nothing knows why they say it that way. However, the whole world says that I know what I said, and I know why I said it; It's hard to know.

People know that the Book of Changes is a book of divination, which is read by masters, but it is a sage's knowledge to know that the author is worried. As we all know, Li Sao is the ancestor of Ci Fu, which Sima Qian read, but he knows how to grieve for his ambition, which is the wise man's understanding of the wise man. My husband doesn't have Sima Qian's ambition, but if you want to know Qu Yuan's ambition, you don't have the master's worries. If you want to know Wen Wang's worries, it's almost useless. However, the ancients had their worries and aspirations, and the laggards were not allowed to have their worries and ambitions, and because of obscurity, they built more.

Liu Zhifeng said to him: "Chu Shuo came into being, Zi Xu came into being, and Qin Huang was a warrior, but his hatred was different." Meanwhile, Han is a light prisoner. "It is not enough to know a friend at the same time. Li Sizhi's strict fear of Han Fei, filial piety of Sima, deep knowledge and appropriate, is out of necessity. The so-called trace seems unknown, but the heart knows each other. Jia Sheng went to Changsha and was later called to the publicity room. Wendy went to the clouds. He hasn't seen life for a long time. He said he passed by, but he didn't know what he saw. On the occasion of the monarch and the minister, it can be said that they met; However, I don't know its police, but I know its ghosts and gods. The so-called trace seems to know each other, but the heart does not know each other. Liu Zhiji, with superior knowledge, saw the light and time flow, and the third was Mitchell, who re-entered the East View, which can be described as a coincidence; However, the history of language is advancing by leaps and bounds, and there is no consensus on historical theory. The so-called trace knows each other, but the heart does not know. Those who know that their husband's trajectory is not as good as Jia Zhi's are not as good as Herry Liu's and don't believe it; Those who know each other are not arrogant, that is, like Han Zhizhi's slaughter. Husband knows the world, such as Han, Ma, Jia and Liu, but also poor; But, just like that, it is lost. If you can rely on it, if you can't; If known, if unknown. This meeting is a coincidence, so it's hard to say.

Zhuangzi said, "Everyone in the world has his own way, so you can't add anything." The husband's eyes, ears, nose and mouth are clear, but he can't communicate; Moreover, they were all managed by themselves, and they worked too hard and didn't realize their mistakes. Few people know themselves, so few people know each other. It is said that Shi Ying Jr. can read Li Hua's ancient battlefield articles, which shows that the articles are indeed rewarding. Husband's words are rooted in his heart, and their differences are like noodles. It is impossible for Ying Shi to know China at a glance, but it is not true knowledge that it is full of clouds and flowers. And the people who can have the knowledge of smart people in the world cannot be the same; If my wife's knowledge is not limited to Li Huazhe, why should she be embarrassed in the world? All people who are shaped can't be different; Anyone who is endowed with blood can't be without struggle. With a special purpose, it becomes a slave, and the disadvantages of the party come out; I am afraid of breaking when I argue, and I am jealous when I slander. Keiko said: "Runners go east, pursuers go east;" Although they are heading east, their hearts to the east are different. " There are a lot of people with us today. How can they work together? If you can rely on it, if you can't; If known, if unknown. This fellow's knowledge, so it's hard to say.

Ouyang Xiu's seven views and four flavors mean his misfortune. Cover up the shortcomings of the article. However, since I got Lin's job, my career is like a horse moving and a class solid, and I am prosperous. Move to the famous mountain in Tibet and pass it on to its people; Solid female brother graduated, and Ma Rong fugue by his book, today is still the sun and moon. However, it is often confusing to read history books, Han Shu, Kao, Pei Zhi, Fu Qian and Ying Shao's annotations, during which it is not allowed to move or consolidate their meanings. With special research, we still can't reach the exquisiteness of the ancients, and the situation is relatively extensive. Love and hate are up to you! If the husband can't pass it on, there will be a gift with empty eyes; The disseminator has the disease of evading the purpose, and the number of love and hate does not match. If you can rely on it, if you can't; If known, if unknown. The knowledge behind this is hard to say.

People are different from wood and stone because of love; Love is precious because both sides agree to solve it. Sages will be poor and happy if they fail to reach their goals; If you were not born rich, you would have met at that time, and you would have known your friends later. However, those who have their reasons need not have their affairs; Follow the trail, don't follow your heart. If you can rely on it, if you can't; If known, if unknown. Look at the present in the future and look at the past today. The reason why this Boya never plays drums, and the reason why Biansheng holds a jade memorial is also.

Husband and magpie are singing, and there are many people; Reed is yellow and white, and there are countless losers. Feng was born a thousand years ago and Tong was born a hundred years ago. He knows that he is outnumbered, but he can't follow the crowd in twists and turns. Because the gentleman was angry and forgot to eat, but he taught himself and didn't know that old age was coming, so he asked for me. Ann can live a limited life, but there is no limit to the pursuit of fame. (Literature and history)

translate

Is it difficult to make a fuss? Is the article difficult to understand? Speaking of knowing each other, we don't know his first and last name, nor his voice and appearance. Read his books, know his articles and get to know him. That's why you're making a fuss. There are many people who know his name, and there will not be a hundred people who know his articles. Few people know his article, 100. None of the people know that he made a fuss about it. But people all over the world say that I know the article, so I made a fuss about it: this is the "difficulty" of "understanding". Everyone knows that the Book of Changes is a book of divination. Confucius read it and knew that King Wen was worried, so he did it. This is because saints know saints.

3. Know the difficulties in translating classical Chinese into Chinese.

Is it difficult to make a fuss? Is the article difficult to understand? Speaking of knowing each other, we don't know his first and last name, nor his voice and appearance. Read his books, know his articles and get to know him. That's why you're making a fuss. There are many people who know his name, and there will not be a hundred people who know his articles. Few people know his article, 100. None of the people know that he made a fuss about it. But people all over the world say that I know the article, so I made a fuss about it: this is the "difficulty" of "understanding".

Everyone knows that the Book of Changes is a book of divination. Confucius read it and knew that King Wen was worried, so he did it. This is because saints know saints. People all know that Li Sao is the originator of Ci Fu, but Sima Qian read it, but he knew that he was sad for his ambition. This is what saints know about saints. As for Sima Qian's ambition, we should know Qu Yuan's ambition. It is almost false to know Wang Wen's worries without killing L's son. Then ancient people had their worries and aspirations, and a considerable number of people in later generations could not worry about their worries and aspirations, but they were buried because of this.

Liu Zhifeng said, "Everything is done inside and outside the story, explain the difficulties, etc. Just came out, Sima Xiangru's Zi Xu Fu has just been finished. Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi hoped that they could not meet at the same time. Now the two meet at the same time, Han Fei is imprisoned, but Sima is looked down upon. " That's sad, and confidants are unreliable. Speaking of Reese's fear of doing everything wrong, Liang Wudi's underestimation of Sima Xiangru is well known and handled properly, but it is also a last resort. This is the so-called "we seem to be strangers, but in fact we have a heart." Jia Yi moved to Changsha far away, and later made a phone call in the publicity room. Wendi Deng even said that he hadn't seen Ye for a long time. I said I was in front of him, but I didn't know I was behind him until I saw him. The monarch and the minister can be said to know each other, but Wen Di doesn't know Jia Sheng's security policy, only knows his ghost answer: This is the so-called "knowing the appearance, not knowing the heart". Liu Zhiji, with his superb knowledge, was looked down upon at that time. When he made Mitchell three times and made history for the second time, he met him. But when it comes to historical talents, it is a thousand miles away. When it comes to historical events, it is inconsistent: this is the so-called knowing what it is, but not knowing why. When it comes to knowing each other, it's not like Jia Sheng's knowing each other, like Liu Zhiji's unbelief. The acquaintance in my heart is not looked down upon by people like Sima Xiangru's closeness, just like Han Fei's being slandered and killed. Gentlemen like Han Fei, Sima Xiangru, Jia Yi and Liu Zhiji are great, but what they get is like that, and what they lose is like this. Like reliable, like unreliable; Like can know each other, like can't know each other: this is a coincidence, so it's hard to say.

Zhuangzi said: "All practitioners in the world regard what they have as non-income. When it comes to eyes, ears, nose and mouth, they are all clear, but they cannot be connected. " However, they all think that what they treat is not available, which is a mistake they don't know. Few people know themselves, so they know little about each other. According to the legend in the world, Xiao can recognize Li Hua's "(-Di Shawen), so he said that he really appreciated it. When it comes to words, the foundation is in the heart, and its difference is like a surface; It is impossible to know at a glance that Li Huagan did it, but it is vaguely said that it belongs to Hua Qian. This can't be called a true friend. However, among the 10 thousand people in the world who can have the insight of a wise person, there is not one; When it comes to people's knowledge, it turns out that it is not limited to Li Hua, and there are no confidants in the world! No one can do without special interests and struggles. If you have a special interest, then the disadvantages of being a slave and being a slave come out. With fighting, people will be attacked by fear, and those who are jealous of slander will open their hearts. Hui Shi said, "The fugitives are heading east, and the pursuers are heading east. Although going east is the same, the psychology of going east is different. " There are many people walking together now. Can you also know the heart of walking together? Like reliable, like unreliable; Like to know each other, like not to know each other: this is the same knowledge, so it's hard to say.

Ouyang Xiu once lamented that the "Seven Views" and "Four Books" lost their books, saying that it was the author's misfortune, and it was really sad for the lack of articles. However, from the acquisition of the forest to the present, the cause of books can be compared with Sima Qian and Ban Gu, which can be said to be extremely prosperous; Sima Qian hid it in a famous mountain and passed it on to that person; Ban Gu, his sister Ban Zhao, went on with his Hanshu, while Brother Ma Rongfu came to suffer. These books are like the sun and the moon now. However, when we read Historical Records and Hanshu, and examine the annotations of Xu, Pei, Fu and Ying, we often fail to get the meaning of Sima Qian and Ban Gu. Those who specialize in Shi Han have not yet known the subtlety of the ancients, but generally see love and hate as their own? When it comes to articles that are not passed on, there is a feeling of "empty items"; What is preached has the disadvantages of "evading the purpose" and the fate of "love and hate are not unified" Like reliable, like unreliable; Like can know each other, like can't know each other: this is the latter knowledge, so it's hard to say.

What makes people different from wood and stone is love; Love is so precious that we are all happy and understand each other. A saint can't be enlightened and follow his ambition, but he will be poor and enjoy his Tao. If you can't live to that time, you will die if you meet them, and later generations will know yourself. But people who have that reason don't have to have that thing; People who are close in appearance may not be close in heart. Like reliable, like unreliable, like can know, like can't know. Looking at the present in the future is just like looking at the past now: this is the reason why Boya never plays the string, and it is also the reason why Bian He cried with grief.

When it comes to the singing of birds, it is much more harmonious; The thatched reed is yellow and confessional, and it is scattered a lot. Phoenix flies high above the eight thousands of feet, and Indus lives alone at 80 feet; Knowing that you have few friends and no companions, but you can't bow to the crowd, this is also a kind of strength. So the gentleman was so angry that he forgot to eat; Concealed self-study, I didn't know the old man was coming, so I just asked for something suitable for me. Where can I pursue endless slander and reputation with a limited career?

4. Do you know how difficult it is to understand Zhang's translation? Speaking of knowing each other, we don't know his first and last name, nor his voice and appearance.

Excerpted from Zhang Xuecheng's Understanding Difficulty: Why Difficulty? Is it hard to know? The reason why a lady is a knower is because she doesn't know her first and last name, her voice and her smile. Read his book and know what he said and why he said it.

People who know their names are all over the world; He who knows his words has a thousand words; Few people in the world know what they say, and nothing knows why they say it that way. However, the whole world says that I know what I said, and I know why I said it; It's hard to know.

Is it difficult to make a fuss? Is the article difficult to understand? Speaking of knowing each other, we don't know his first and last name, nor his voice and appearance. Read his books, know his articles and get to know him. That's why you're making a fuss. There are many people who know his name, and there will not be a hundred people who know his articles. Few people know his article, 100. None of the people know that he made a fuss about it.

But people all over the world say that I know the article, so I made a fuss about it: this is the "difficulty" of "understanding". Everyone knows that the Book of Changes is a book of divination. Confucius read it and knew that King Wen was worried, so he did it. This is because saints know saints.

Zhang Xuecheng (1738— 180 1) was a famous scholar in the period of Ganjia, and his main works were literature, history and textual research. His activity time was from the Qianlong period to the early Jiaqing period.

Academically, this is a very special era. In this era, Zhang Xuecheng is a maverick.

He is good at independent thinking and thinks that learning should be "creative" and not blindly follow the trend. He saw the crux of the problem and pointed out the serious shortcomings behind the textual research of the style of study. He was only satisfied with the textual research of small problems and forgot the general direction of academic research.

Therefore, Zhang's knowledge was not recognized at that time, claiming that "people like it when they are good-looking, but they don't like it when they are good-looking" and even regarded as "monsters" and "aliens". But he was not discouraged, bravely went against the trend and thought it was his mission! In his letter to Qian Daxin, he said, "People who write a pen don't think about saving and don't care about writing.

If you want to save something, you must go against the trend of the times. Zhang Xuecheng's great contributions should also include his exquisite exposition of China's academic tradition, the distinction between academic chapters and the investigation of the origin of mirrors. The in-depth application of dialectics in many academic fields; Carry forward the theory of historical compilation and put forward the direction of reforming historical compilation.

Of course, Zhang's family also has obvious limitations. For example, some places are too respectful of the ancients to avoid customs. Due to the limited ideological materials available to him at that time, although his philosophical exploration proposition has modern significance, he had to adopt a large number of "medieval" concepts and languages in his exposition, which of course affected the depth and rigor of his exposition and the understanding and evaluation of his thoughts by others.

5. What is the content of the full-text translation of Hard to Know? The full text is translated as follows: It is really difficult to know (know, understand) (a person)! People say that he knows it not because he knows his surname and first name, nor because he knows his face in volume. Read his books, understand his words (thoughts), and know why he said so.

People all over the world read his books; /kloc-less than 0/000 people understand his words 100 people; Less than 1% people understand why he said this. However, the world said, "I can read his books, and I will know why he said so."

This is the difficulty of "understanding". People know that Li Sao is the origin (originator) of Ci and Fu. Sima Qian knew when he read Li Sao that he felt sorry for it. This is the sage knowing the sage.

Without Sima Qian's great ambition, it is almost impossible to understand Qu Yuan's ambition. 1. The original sentence is from Zhang Xuecheng's "Advance despite Difficulties", and the original text is as follows: Why is it difficult? Is it hard to know? The reason why a lady is a knower is because she doesn't know her first and last name, her voice and her smile.

Read his book and know what he said and why he said it. People who know their names are all over the world; He who knows his words has a thousand words; Few people in the world know what they say, and nothing knows why they say it that way.

However, the whole world says that I know what I said, and I know why I said it; It's hard to know. People know that the Book of Changes is a book of divination, which is read by masters, but it is a sage's knowledge to know that the author is worried.

As we all know, Li Sao is the ancestor of Ci Fu, which Sima Qian read, but he knows how to grieve for his ambition, which is the wise man's understanding of the wise man. My husband doesn't have Sima Qian's ambition, but if you want to know Qu Yuan's ambition, you don't have the master's worries. If you want to know Wen Wang's worries, it's almost useless.

However, the ancients had their worries and aspirations, and the laggards were not allowed to have their worries and ambitions, and because of obscurity, they built more. Liu Zhifeng said to him: "Chu Shuo came into being, Zi Xu came into being, and Qin Huang was a warrior, but his hatred was different." Meanwhile, Han is a light prisoner. "

It is not enough to know a friend at the same time. Li Sizhi's strict fear of Han Fei, filial piety of Sima, deep knowledge and appropriate, is out of necessity.

The so-called trace seems unknown, but the heart knows each other. Jia Sheng went to Changsha and was later called to the publicity room. Wendy went to the clouds. He hasn't seen life for a long time. He said he passed by, but he didn't know what he saw.

On the occasion of the monarch and the minister, it can be said that they met; However, I don't know its police, but I know its ghosts and gods. The so-called trace seems to know each other, but the heart does not know each other.

Liu Zhiji, with superior knowledge, saw the light and time flow, and the third was Mitchell, who re-entered the East View, which can be described as a coincidence; However, the history of language is advancing by leaps and bounds, and there is no consensus on historical theory. The so-called trace knows each other, but the heart does not know.

Those who know that their husband's trajectory is not as good as Jia Zhi's are not as good as Herry Liu's and don't believe it; Those who know each other are not arrogant, that is, like Han Zhizhi's slaughter. Husband knows the world, such as Han, Ma, Jia and Liu, but also poor; But, just like that, it is lost.

If you can rely on it, if you can't; If known, if unknown. This meeting is a coincidence, so it's hard to say.

Zhuangzi said, "Everyone in the world has his own way, so you can't add anything." The husband's eyes, ears, nose and mouth are clear, but he can't communicate; Moreover, they were all managed by themselves, and they worked too hard and didn't realize their mistakes.

Few people know themselves, so few people know each other. It is said that Shi Ying Jr. can read Li Hua's ancient battlefield articles, which shows that the articles are indeed rewarding.

Husband's words are rooted in his heart, and their differences are like noodles. It is impossible for Ying Shi to know China at a glance, but it is not true knowledge that it is full of clouds and flowers.

And the people who can have the knowledge of smart people in the world cannot be the same; If my wife's knowledge is not limited to Li Huazhe, why should she be embarrassed in the world? All people who are shaped can't be different; Anyone who is endowed with blood can't be without struggle. With a special purpose, it becomes a slave, and the disadvantages of the party come out; I am afraid of breaking when I argue, and I am jealous when I slander.

Keiko said: "Runners go east, pursuers go east;" Although they are heading east, their hearts to the east are different. " There are a lot of people with us today. How can they work together? If you can rely on it, if you can't; If known, if unknown.

This fellow's knowledge, so it's hard to say. Ouyang Xiu's seven views and four flavors mean his misfortune. Cover up the shortcomings of the article.

However, since I got Lin's job, my career is like a horse moving and a class solid, and I am prosperous. Move to the famous mountain in Tibet and pass it on to its people; Solid female brother graduated, and Ma Rong fugue by his book, today is still the sun and moon.

However, it is often confusing to read history books, Han Shu, Kao, Pei Zhi, Fu Qian and Ying Shao's annotations, during which it is not allowed to move or consolidate their meanings. With special research, we still can't reach the exquisiteness of the ancients, and the situation is relatively extensive. Love and hate are up to you! If the husband can't pass it on, there will be a gift with empty eyes; The disseminator has the disease of evading the purpose, and the number of love and hate does not match.

If you can rely on it, if you can't; If known, if unknown. The knowledge behind this is hard to say.

People are different from wood and stone because of love; Love is precious because both sides agree to solve it. Sages will be poor and happy if they fail to reach their goals; If you were not born rich, you would have met at that time, and you would have known your friends later.

However, those who have their reasons need not have their affairs; Follow the trail, don't follow your heart. If you can rely on it, if you can't; If known, if unknown.

Look at the present in the future and look at the past today. The reason why this Boya never plays drums, and the reason why Biansheng holds a jade memorial is also.

Husband and magpie are singing, and there are many people; Reed is yellow and white, and there are countless losers. Feng was born a thousand years ago and Tong was born a hundred years ago. He knows that he is outnumbered, but he can't follow the crowd in twists and turns.

Because the gentleman was angry and forgot to eat, but he taught himself and didn't know that old age was coming, so he asked for me. Ann can live a limited life, but there is no limit to the pursuit of fame. (Literature and History) 2. About the author: Zhang Xuecheng, an outstanding historical theorist and local chronicler in Qing Dynasty. Formerly known as Wen Lian,No. Wen Bi, word Shi Zhai, No.

Zhejiang Huiji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) people. Zhang Xuecheng has a strong interest in literature and history since childhood and is determined to seek knowledge.

Imperial academy, 26. Zhu Jun, a 28-year-old bachelor of Beijing Normal University, can explore his rich library and discuss academic origins, similarities and differences with celebrities and scholars visiting Zhumen, thus making great progress in his studies.

In the forty-two years of Qing Qianlong (A.D. 1777), he was admitted as a scholar, and the next year he was admitted as a scholar. He has taught imperial academy classics, such as Dingzhou Dingwu, Baoding Lianchi and Gui Dewen Zheng.

Later, he entered the shogunate of Bi Yuan, Governor of Huguang, and assisted in compiling books such as "Continuing to Manage Mirrors". I think pedantry is not suitable for this world, and I don't want to be an official. I give lectures in academies in Baoding, Dingzhou and Guide.

I majored in and participated in more than ten local chronicles all my life.

6. Li Yu. It is difficult to translate classical Chinese. It is difficult to change the nature of the original text. King Chu raised owls with plane trees in reality, while Miracle was a phoenix.

Chun Shen Jun said, "It's an owl. It is inherently different and cannot be changed. What can we eat? " When Zhu Ying heard about it, he said that Chun Shen Jun said, "You know that owls can't be phoenixes because of their nature. Your family is nothing more than dogs stealing mice and stealing dead people, and your family is proud of it, eating jade, and recommending beaded shoes. You must look forward to a reward from the national scholars." From the minister's point of view, why not raise owls with phoenix tree instead of singing? "Chun Shen Jun was killed by Li Yuan, but no one in the family can report it.

(Note 1: King of Chu: Xiong Wanwang (290- 238 BC), Chu Youwang's empress Xiong Han (268- 228 BC), reigned in 238-228 BC. King Gao Lie of Chu reigned from 262 to 238.

After Chu Gaolie succeeded to the throne, Huang Xie was given Huaibei 12 county in spring and moved to Shouchun. Chu and Zhao formed an alliance, and King Gao Lie of Chu ordered Chun Shen Jun to lead an army of 80,000 to Zhao.

In the twenty-fourth year of Lu Qinggong (256 BC), the state of Lu was destroyed by King Chu Kaoliae. According to historical records, King Gaolie had three sons (Chu Youwang, King of Chu).

"The Warring States Policy" said that Chu Gao Lie had no children, and Chun Shen Jun suffered from it. Chun married Yuan's sister Li. After Li became pregnant, she was betrothed to King Gaolie, and her son was made a prince, namely. 2. The reality of buttonwood: the seed of buttonwood.

According to legend, the phoenix lives under the buttonwood tree and its seeds are eaten by the phoenix. 3. Owl: A cormorant-like bird, which is today's owl.

Use "owl" Pronunciation is xi ā o.

4. Chun Shen Jun: During the Warring States Period, he was an aristocrat of Chu, and later became a hermit of Chu, in charge of the state affairs of Chu. His surname is Huang and his first name is Xie. There are 3,000 diners under his door. Together with Meng Changjun of Qi State, Xin Lingjun of Wei State and Ping Yuanjun of Zhao State, they are all famous for their good upbringing in the Warring States Period, and are called "Four Childes of Warring States" or "Four Gentlemen of Warring States".

5. What's this? What is this? Song Zhou Mi's "Dong Qiyu Ye Fang Jushan Controversy": "What is this official position?" Li Mingzhi's Little Book on Women's Learning: "What's wrong with this person who doesn't do anything wrong is that the audience is ugly."

Qing Li in Leisure, Caring and Enjoying Life: "What is man's pleasure?" 6. Zhu Ying: Counselor of Chu State during the Warring States Period. It is one of the most famous diners of Shen Jun Huang Xie in Spring.

7. Dogs steal mice and steal: that is, "dogs steal mice and steal" is also similar to "crowing dogs steal". Thieves like mice and dogs.

Later, it was also used as a metaphor for rebels who could not be weathered. Ming Liu Ji's "Li Yu Ma Qian": "There are only people who steal dogs and mice and die."

Ming Langying's "Seven Amendments to the Contract, State Affairs II, Fang Guozhen": "Several ships were sent back today, and dogs stole mice." Yue's "Han Ji Hui Di Ji": "Today and tomorrow, the master lies on the top and the dharma is on the bottom. Is there any thief prevention? " This real dog steals mice and ears. "

In the Southern Dynasties, Cha Xiao wrote "Ode to Time": "Dogs steal mice, bees sting foxes, and slaves are bandits, and together they get a teacher." Wang Anshi's Reading the Biography of Meng Changjun in the Song Dynasty: "Is it enough for Meng Changjun to crow?" 8, death: that is, "rogue."

The original intention is to do nothing. Later, it also refers to people who are not doing their jobs.

"History of Emperor Han Gao": "In the early days, adults often died according to ministers, and they could not manage their careers. It is better to be a Chinese ritual." "Jin History Kong Yanzhou Biography": "Kong Yanzhou's words are very economical, and Xiang Zhoulin cares about people.

Wulai, not producing, avoiding sin, occupying the army. Li Gang Biography in the New Tang Dynasty: "After the death of the prince, guess the court.

The outline was frequently remonstrated and refused to listen, so he begged for the bones. "9, pet honor: or honor.

This means "honor". Historical Records of the Book of Rites: "Those who are virtuous and thick will be honored, and those who are thick will be honored."

Jin's "Let the Chinese Book Order Table": "My husband is rich and arrogant, and I can't forget it; I can't be content with the poor punishment. " Song Ceng Gong's Letter to Mr. Ouyang Sheren: "Who wants to teach children and grandchildren?" People who are descendants don't want to spoil their fathers and ancestors? "Tang Shunzhi's Complaining Record in Ming Dynasty:" I have rough oak, and your majesty recorded it, making it the crime of Hanlin. This favor is extremely glorious. "

Lu Xun's "Continued Coverage of Hua Ji, Ancient Books and Vernacular": "Or find a little antique in the vernacular, which in turn will increase the favor of antiques." 10, Jade Cuisine: Cuisine.

Book Hongfan: "Only the monarch is the blessing, only the monarch is the power, and only the jade is the food." Kong Chuan said, "Well said, only you can specialize in defending the government."

Sun Xingyan Shu: "Jade food is still delicious." Jin Gehong's Bao Pu Zi Jiao Bao: "Worship frugality and abstain from eating jade."

Song Luyou's "Random Thoughts on Reading in Autumn Night" poem says: "The official recommends jade food, and the savage makes beautiful Qin." Li Qingyu's Interview with Shen Luan Jiao Qing: "You are also very lofty, leaving the jade food in Zhumen to find a gourd ladle in this mean alley."

Lu Xun's "Chatting in Late Spring": "If you want to submit to hegemony, you can't live, and if you want to offer jade food, you can't die." 1 1, recommended: forward; Propose.

This refers to the provision of beautifully decorated shoes. Thirty-one years of Zuo Zhuan's "xianggong": "If you recommend repairing the wall, you will benefit from it."

Biography of Liang Shu and Yuan Ang: "No recommendation." Another example: recommend wine; Recommend jade (offering jade); Recommend bribery (providing property), etc.

12, beaded shoes: beaded shoes. Historical Records Biography of Shen Jun in Spring: "In spring, more than 3,000 guests of Shen Jun stood on tiptoe."

At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Guangxi's "Accidental Works with Wang Wei" No.8: "There are not many guests, all of them are in and out." Gong Qian's "Poems of Nine Autumn": "Jin Si lies and weaves double-bead shoes, and the red forest gives birth to autumn water."

13, Shiguo: The most talented person in a country. "Zuo Zhuan's Sixteen Years of Public Service": "Everyone says: the national scholar is thick here, so we can't take it lightly."

Zhao Ceyi, the Warring States Policy: "Knowing a man meets a minister with a national, and a minister serves the country." Song and Huang Tingjian's book "Travel Pavilion": "Only a scholar can build a country, which is called a national scholar."

Qinghe Bango's Night Tan Sui Lu Wei Yang Sheng: "With the talents of Sean and Han Xin, I don't know how to be a country." 14, Yan: Pass "Wu".

Wake up; I see. 15, Li Yuan: Zhao Ren, once a spring shed.

Xiong Han, the king of Chu, fed the owl buttonwood, hoping that it could turn elegant Song Like into a phoenix. Chun Shen Jun said: "This kind of bird is fierce in nature, which is very different from other birds and cannot be changed. What does it have to do with what you eat? " Hearing this, Zhu Ying said to Chun, "You know that an owl can't change its nature into a phoenix because of food, but it's not a rogue who was adopted by your family, but you.

7. The latest reading aid for classical Chinese in junior high school Article 56 is not easy to translate the original text:

Confucius was poor between Cai Chen and Cai Li. He didn't pour soup or taste grain for seven days. Sleep during the day, Yan Hui Somy. I got it. I know it. Confucius saw Yan Hui snatch it and ate it. Choose a room, eat well, admire Confucius for eating, and Confucius pretended not to see it. Confucius said: "Today's dream is to be the first king, then eat clean and then feed back." Yan Hui said to him, "No, you can't. If you throw coal into the retort, you will abandon your food and eat it. " Confucius sighed: "Believers have eyes, but their eyes are still unreliable;" People who rely on it have a heart, but their hearts are still insufficient. Disciples remember that it is not easy to know people. "So, it is difficult for Confucius to know others.

Translation:

Confucius was trapped between Cai and he had no food and rice for seven days. Sleeping there during the day, Yan Hui asked for a meal and brought it back to cook. It's almost mature. Confucius saw Yan Hui grabbing the rice in the pot with his hand. After a while, when the meal was ready, Yan Hui invited Confucius to dinner, but Confucius pretended not to see it (Yan Hui grabbed the meal). Confucius got up and said, "I just dreamed of my ancestors." I will eat clean food myself and then give it to them. " Yan Hui replied, "That's not true. Just now, the carbon ash floated into the pot (dirty rice), and it was not good to throw it away, so I caught it and ate it. " Confucius sighed: "(supposedly) you should believe what you see, but it is not necessarily credible;" You have to trust your heart, your heart can't be trusted. Remember, it's not easy to know someone. "So it's hard to know the truth. Confucius thinks it is more difficult to know a person.