In the middle and late Paleolithic period 50,000 years ago, primitive ancestors flourished in Nanchang. Nanchang, which entered the Neolithic Age, witnessed more frequent human activities, increased population and developed production. In the 2nd/kloc-0th century BC, Yu established the first unified slavery kingdom in the history of China-Xia Dynasty. At that time, the aborigines in Nanchang were called "Sanmiao", and Sanmiao was a descendant of Yan Di Shennong, a later ancient Yue people. During the Tang, Yu, Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Nanchang belonged to the territory of ancient Yangzhou. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Nanchang was the sphere of influence of Wu Yuechu. During the Warring States period, the ancestors of Nanchang had mastered the technology of molten iron and cast iron and the advanced technology of using refractories. Nanchang in Qin Dynasty belonged to Jiujiang County. During the Qin Dynasty, the equator was widely built. When China marched south to North Vietnam, it was built from Xianyang, the capital city, to Lingnan, connecting the north and the south. Han Xing and Gao Zu Liu Bang set up Zhangyu County in Nanchang. The county is equivalent to the whole territory of Jiangxi today, with a population of 3,565.438+0.965, with an average of 2.2 people per square kilometer. In 202 BC, after Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu in Gaixia, he sent general Guan Ying to lead his troops to pacify the "three counties of Wu, Hui and Ji" in the south of the Yangtze River. After Guan Ying pacified Zhang Yu, he immediately set up an official county and made Nanchang County a vassal state of Zhangyu County. He took the auspicious meaning of "Changda South Xinjiang" and "Southern Prosperity" as the county name, and returned to Jin from the Western Han Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms. For over 500 years, Nanchang has been under the jurisdiction of Zhang Yu County. During the Three Kingdoms period, Nanchang belonged to the four counties of Luling, Poyang and Linchuan, which were divided by Sun Ce and Sun Quan. Since the Han Dynasty, Nanchang has enjoyed a prosperous economy and developed land and water transportation. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Nanchang was under the jurisdiction of Jiangzhou Prefecture and Zhang Yu County. With the development of economy, a new city (now the old city) has been built in the northwest corner of the city. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Zhang Yu County was changed to Hongzhou, with the Governor's Office. In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, it was changed to Dudufu and Jiangnan West Road. In the Tang Dynasty, Hongzhou became a metropolis in the south of the Yangtze River, especially in shipbuilding, paper making, printing, textiles, weapons, gold, silver and bronzes. Hongzhou Kiln is the birthplace of China celadon, and its celadon is exported to home and abroad with excellent quality. It is also one of the royal tributes and one of the six famous kilns in the history of China. Li Jing, the leader of the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties, promoted Hongzhou to Nanchang in the first year of Jiaotai (959), and moved the capital to Nanchang from Jiankang in the second year of Song (96 1). After Li Jing died, he moved back to Jiankang. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Nanchang was still Hongzhou, and Hongzhou has become one of the five major shipbuilding bases in China. The urban area is 14 ~ 16 square kilometers, and the city gate is 16, which is the largest period of Nanchang ancient city in history. During the period of Song Huizong, the administrative area of Nanchang was 25,000 square kilometers, with a population of 56 1.730, and the population per square kilometer was 2 1. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Xiaozong changed Hongzhou to Longxing House. Nanchang was called Longxing Road in the Yuan Dynasty, and later it was changed to Longxing Road, which was the place where Jiangxi Province was in charge when Zhongshu was in power. Nanchang was called Hongdu House and Nanchang House successively in Ming Dynasty. Yuzhang Road was established in the early years of the Republic of China, and Nanchang City was established in 1926. 1928 due to the construction of ring road, the ancient city wall was demolished.