What's the difference between Australian English pronunciation and English pronunciation?

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There are many kinds of English, including American English, British English and Australian English. The most authentic English is British English, which is very fast. It is impossible to study hard without two or three years. American English is pronounced differently from British English, and many words are spelled differently. The spelling and reading of Australian English is the same as that of British English (Australia is a British colony), but the speaking speed is relatively slow, so I can master it easily.

For most English learners in China who are not native English speakers, the British and Americans use exactly the same language-English. Even those who have the opportunity to study in Britain or the United States may not be able to perceive the difference between English and American English if they are not engaged in language research or teaching. Perhaps a few people who have had the opportunity to live in these two countries for a while can really feel the difference between English and American English.

In a sense, American English is a branch separated from English, or, as some linguists say, American English is a transplanted language that has been on American soil. Although the main parts (grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, spelling, etc. Like American English, American English has its own characteristics influenced by its unique history, culture, nationality and region, which is obviously different from English. Mark Twain once said, "English and America are independent languages ... When I speak in my purest mother tongue, an Englishman can't understand me at all (The Stolen White Elephant, 1882). The main differences between English and American English lie in vocabulary, pronunciation, spelling and speaking temperament.

For a third party living outside Britain and America, English is just a language. In the process of learning, English and American English are "eclectic", and the differences between English and American English may not constitute an obstacle to his communication with British and American people. For the British and Americans who use the same language, different words or different connotations will lead to misunderstandings between them.

The difference in words between English and American was so great that during World War II, the US military had to issue a short guide to Great Britain to every American soldier and logistics personnel sent to the European battlefield. This is actually an American English dictionary, which collects nearly 200 words used by Americans in daily life that are rare or unfamiliar in Britain, and compares them with the corresponding words that are familiar to the British but may not be recognized by the Americans. At the same time, the British military has prepared a booklet Notes for Your Guidence for every RAF pilot sent to the United States for training, with the aim of helping these British people who go to the United States learn American daily life terms that they may not have heard of at all.

Although American English has never stopped communicating with English during its development, especially after World War II, with the development of political, economic, cultural and scientific relations between the two countries, English and American English have also influenced and infiltrated each other, but this has not eliminated the differences between English and American English.

The difference between British English and American English

The difference between standard modern British English (English for short) and standard American English (American English for short) is big or small, but there is no substantive problem in mutual understanding. The purpose of this paper is to make a general comparison between the two, which can be used as a reference for interested friends, but not as a teaching material for learning another accent. Among them, there are many loopholes. Please correct me if there are any shortcomings.

Vowel:

One of the biggest differences between British pronunciation and American pronunciation lies in the treatment of vowels (schwa, inverted e, in phonetic symbols). In English, voiced vowels often appear in some monosyllabic unstressed short sounds A (such as about) and er (such as computer). Er in American English is rarely voiced, and sometimes voiced vowels are used for short sounds I (such as sentimental and realistic) and U (such as wuss), and even short sounds oo (such as hooker). (The pronunciations of these four examples in English are [i], [i], [u:] and [u] respectively. The pronunciation of voiced vowels is uncertain, but it sounds almost like a hurried pronunciation between "Russia" and "ah".

The most representative difference between English and American English is the pronunciation of er. In English, the short voiced er is the voiced vowel mentioned above, while the long voiced er is just an elongated voiced vowel, which sounds like an exaggeration between "Russian" and "ah". In American English, er sounds like "er" (except for vowels in some common sayings).

Ar: Except for short sounds (such as singular) and vowels followed by vowels (such as clarity), All English Ars are unified long sounds [a:], while in American it is "al". In fact, whenever there is an R at the end of a syllable, American and British pronunciations are usually different, such as tour (English: spit, beauty: spit), tear (English: kick, beauty: kick) and pair (English: pe, beauty: pe). Even in the clarity just mentioned, English ['kleriti] and America [' kler(er)ti].

There is another important difference in the pronunciation of vowels. First, [O] sound: The short sound of O (such as oft) is pronounced as the shortened long sound of O (such as or) in English, while the short sound of American O sounds very similar to the short sound of English [/\]. At the same time, if the long sound of o is followed by r, it is usually children's as mentioned in the previous paragraph, and if it is not (such as plain, apply), it will automatically become.

In addition, the vowelization of vowel combinations such as U and I has been mentioned before, and others will understand it.

Consonants:

English consonants are basically the same as American consonants, but there are some differences in usage habits. Only the following two are more important:

R: The letter R represents almost all the differences between Britain and America. It's everywhere. When pronouncing consonants, the difference is that when R is at the end of the first word and the second word begins with a vowel, English takes R as a vowel, while American takes R as the consonant of the initial vowel of the next word. For example, the phrase "clear animation" is pronounced as "clear animation" in English and "clear animation" in America.

Another obvious difference is D and T. In some unstressed syllables (such as paddle, rattle and realistic), English will clearly pronounce these two letters, but in American English, D and T are often blurred into an inexplicable sound. Compared with other languages, if you know Spanish or Italian, it is very close to the short r; If you know Japanese, the consonants of らりるれろ are very similar. If you don't know, the closest explanation is the side tone L, but it depends on whether you understand it or not.

One more thing, you may find that the pronunciation of O (a voiced vowel) is in brackets in many phonetic symbols. In Britain, influenced by classical Chinese, English likes to omit this O, while in America, this O is often pronounced. If you are interested in classical Chinese or poetry, you will find that many letters of voiced vowels are expressed in single quotation marks, that is, omitted.

Spelling:

There are only the following differences between English and American spelling:

-re and -er: some words ending in re in American English end in er, such as:

Meter/meter, centimeter/centimeter, theater/theater, center/center, etc.

Background: All these words come from French (mè tre, centimè tre, thé a tre, centre). Most other re words are, such as genre, ma -d 'oeuvre and so on. But the spelling of these words hasn't changed.

Our and or: The English part of our is spelled as or in American English, for example:

Color/color, favorite/favorite, etc.

Background: Most of these words also come from French, but they are not so obvious, and many of them have changed because of time. For example, colors are colored, and favorites are favorites.

-ise and ize: English verb -ise is spelled -ize in America, such as:

Organization/organization, realization/realization, realization/realization

The sources of these words are also different:

Organization/institution

Background: These words still come from French, that is, organiser, actualiserr and réaliser (but due to the evolution of language, the meanings of these words in French are not exactly the same as those in English. For example, actualise now means "realize" and implementer means "upgrade and make it obsolete"; Realize now means "realize", while réalizer becomes "realize").

There are other special changes. I can't think of all the conventional reforms at once. If there are any omissions, please add them.

Words:

Some common meanings of the same words in English and American English are different, or the same thing is said in different words, which are mostly related to cultural customs, but have no substantive influence on communication. For example, the word jumper can refer to sweaters in Britain, but Americans rarely use this word to make clothes (it is an outdated word), but use sweater to make sweaters. Another example is jerseys, casual pants, trousers and so on. There are many examples that I can't remember at the moment. Welcome to add.

Common sayings and slang:

These are too many! Even in different parts of the United States, different parts of Britain and different times, they are all different, so I won't give examples one by one. However, the word that can be mentioned is the usage of the word bloody by the British. In the old society where the word f-ck did not exist at all (in the past, it was necessary to add an asterisk F * * to print this word in books, otherwise it would be a crime), the word bloody was as obscene as the word F now. But now times have changed. British children can use it, but Americans don't. But in some other English-speaking countries (such as Egypt and India). ), be careful when using bloody.

Tone:

The English speak in a cadence and a high tone, which is quite similar to French (but they will not admit it). The British laugh at the Americans for their weakness, looseness and lack of rhythm.

Americans speak in a steady and low voice, and sentences are usually in a falling tone, and their speech speed is slow. On the other hand, Americans like to laugh at the hysterical and feminine tone of the British.

Others:

Australian accent: Most Australian accents are similar to British accents, but Australians pronounce [ei] as [ai], that is, even their most commonly used word mate is called [mait] (like may).

Egyptian accent: English with an Egyptian accent sounds like Arabic with an Egyptian accent. In addition, R.

Indian accent: Indian accent is similar to British accent, a little muddy, but now Indians are beginning to admire American accent (Indians worship foreign things, and the movies are full of rich and beautiful young Indian immigrants from developed countries).

Hong Kong accent: I didn't mean to denigrate Hong Kong compatriots, but the Hong Kong accent sounds similar to Cantonese, with a strong pronunciation and a British accent. Many people can't pronounce the th sound, but they can't say three and say freedom.

South African accent: Never heard of it.

British local accent: There are many accents in Britain, but the common feature is that H is often silent and has many linking sounds.

American Northern Accent: It is famous for its exaggerated O sounds, such as talk, walk, off and coffee. People in new york will pronounce it as: two, wok, woff and kwoffee (where O is the long sound "Oh").

American southern accent: The biggest feature is to pronounce [ai] as [ae]. For example, if I want a light beer, southerners will say ae'd laek a laet beer. Meanwhile, speak slowly.