Let's talk about the first stage: through the proportion of raw materials and substrates, the compost heap will absorb high oxygen, produce high temperature, reduce a large number of degradable volatile solids, gradually reduce odor, and gradually change the color of the compost heap, so it is necessary to maintain good ventilation and moisture control.
Secondary composting: the initial temperature decreases, the oxygen absorption rate decreases, and the odor disappears completely.
Compared with the first composting, the second composting is essential, because the second composting can degrade refractory organic matter and re-establish mesophilic microbial colonies, thus contributing to the decomposition of organic fertilizer, reducing phytotoxic substances and inhibiting pathogenic bacteria.
Heating stage: the decomposition temperature of organic fertilizer rises to 45℃, which is mainly composed of actinomycetes, fungi and bacteria, and mainly decomposes sugar and starch. Even active creatures, animals and animals are involved.
High temperature stage: when the decomposition temperature reaches above 45℃, mesophilic microorganisms are inhibited and thermophilic bacteria are dominant. Soluble organic matter continues to be oxidized and decomposed, and complex organic matter (cellulose, hemicellulose, protein, lignin) also begins to decompose. About 50℃ (thermophilic fungi and actinomycetes); About 60℃ (thermophilic bacteria and actinomycetes); About 70℃ (most microorganisms can't adapt).
The optimum decomposition temperature is 55℃, because most microorganisms are most active at this temperature, and it is easy to decompose organic matter, and most germs, eggs and weed seeds will be killed.
Cooling stage: thermophilic microorganisms began to multiply again, taking advantage and further decomposing the residual refractory organic matter. At this time, the microbial activity decreases, the oxygen demand of compost decreases, the temperature decreases, and the pile gradually stabilizes.