To answer the first part of the question, where is the Water Margin? The water margin is an extremely important place in the water margin. Modern readers have a question: Is there such a place? If so, where is it?
Some people say that the specific location of Water Margin is in Weishan Lake, while others think that it is in Dongping Lake. This is not surprising. From the map of western Shandong, these two lakes look bigger. In fact, neither of these two lakes is a water margin. Where is the real Water Margin?
There is a Liangshan county in Tai 'an, Shandong Province. Is Liangshan here?
This Liangshan county is located at the junction of Taian, Jining, Heze in Shandong Province and Puyang in Henan Province. The highest place in Liangshan County is Liangshan, which is mainly composed of Hutou Peak, Xueshan Peak, Shan Hao Peak and Xiaohuangshan Mountain in the southeast of the county, of which the elevation of Hutou Peak is 197.9 meters. From today's point of view, it is really insignificant, but on the North China Plain, it is already a relatively dangerous terrain. It is said that Song Jiang's Dazhai was built on Hutou Mountain.
Liu Wu, the second son of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, once hunted in this mountain, and was buried here after the death of King Liang, so it was renamed "Liangshan". This Liangshan mountain is surrounded by water, and in the water margin, it can only communicate with the outside world through ships. Water Margin was originally named Ozawa, Jishui and Gudu, one of the four major rivers, and a tributary of the Yellow River.
Then why can't you see the scenery described in Water Margin now anyway? The reason why the 800-mile water margin is vast is that the Yuan Dynasty imperial court encouraged ordinary people to reclaim land here, and the water margin is getting smaller and smaller, which is basically beyond recognition.
Let's talk about Song Jiang. Song Jiang in the water margin is generous and honest, but he is too pedantic and destroys a large group of brothers. For example, Wu Yong is clever but lacks great wisdom ... Liangshan hero 108, ending 108. Is it personality that determines the outcome or fate?
Song Jiang is probably the one with the most nicknames in Water Margin, such as Black Song Jiang, Xiaoyi Heisaburo, Timely Rain and Shandong Hu Baoyi. Song Jiang is also the most complicated, plump and controversial one in the whole novel, as the first person in the book.
Is there a Song Jiang in history? There must be, in middle school history textbooks, there are Song Jiang and Fang La Uprising in the Northern Song Dynasty;
Song Jiang did exist in history.
In December of the first year of Xuanhe (1 1 19), Song Jiang and others had already started an uprising in Hebei, and were called "Hebei opera thieves".
At that time, the Song Dynasty made a letter to woo, but it failed. Sung River fought continuously, often appearing in Qingzhou (now Shandong), Jeju (now Jining, Shandong), Zhou Pu (now Puyang, Henan), Yunzhou (now Yuncheng, Shandong) and other regions, so it was called "JD". COM thief ".
In the second winter, Fang La uprising in western Zhejiang, at the same time, "Song Jiangkou JD.COM. (Hou) Meng wrote:' Thirty-six people ran amok in the river, with tens of thousands of officers and men. Those who dare not resist must cross' (A Brief Introduction to the East Capital). Hou Meng offered to surrender to Sung River.
Sung river and others are engaged in activities in Yunzhou at this moment. It is said that Sung River was stationed in Shui Bo and Liangshan, which may be the same period. The emperor appointed Hou Meng as Dongping county magistrate. However, Hou Meng died before he was appointed. Soon, Song Jiangjun went south,
"Wandering and fleeing, plundering Shandong, all the way to the county earthquake, officials avoid hiding" (Zhang Shou's Piling Collection).
However, when passing through Yizhou (now Linyi, Shandong Province), the ruler of Yizhou, Jiang Yuan, led the troops to guard the main road and could not pass, so he had to make a false way to him. Jiang Yuan pretended to promise, and made a sudden attack when he knew that there was not much food such as Song Jiang. As a result, Song Jiangjun suffered serious losses and had to go north to Yimeng Mountain.
At the beginning of the third year of Xuanhe, Song Jiangjun found his way south again, arrived in Huaiyang, and then went to Huainan Road Chuzhou (now southwest of Huaiyin, Jiangsu), so he was also called "Huainan thief". When Xuan turned to the northeast again and passed through Shuyang, he was attacked by Wang Shifu, the chief of the county, and suffered heavy losses.
In February of this year, Song Jiang and others arrived in Haizhou (now Guanyun, Jiangsu) and were ambushed by Nianhao, which caused great losses. Sung river led the rest of the people to surrender;
Then something happened. In the summer of the 4th year of Xuanhe, after suppressing Lu Shirang and others who responded to the Fang La Uprising, the soldiers returned to Kaifeng.
"Serve the imperial pen, catch bandits and Song Jiang" ("Folding the Tomb Inscription").
Later, after the processing of Yuan Zaju, the Pinghua of Yuan Zaju added more packaging to Song Jiang, and there were two nicknames: one was called "Hu", which was carved out of a stone tablet in the sky and called out from behind Liangshan of Song Jiang, which was considered authentic; The other is called "Timely Rain", which is called by friends all over the world. In terms of popularity and utility value of public atmosphere, it is louder than Hu. Probably because "Hu" comes from the original record of "The Legacy of Xuanhe", later generations said that writing a book is not easy to erase, so they inherited it.
Bn, the material of Shi Naian's Water Margin, borrowed Yuan Zaju to form Song Jiang in Water Margin today.