1，Dias
From 1487 to 1488, with the support of the Portuguese royal family, Diaz reached the southernmost Cape of Good Hope in Africa, and later named it the Cape of Good Hope. The route is from Portugal to the west coast of Africa and to the Cape of Good Hope at the southernmost tip of Africa.
2. Columbus
1492, with the support of the Spanish royal family, Columbus opened the air route to America. This route runs from Spain to the Atlantic Ocean and finally to the West Indies in America.
3. D 'Gama
From 1497 to 1498, da gama opened a new sea route from Europe to India. Da Gama bypassed the Cape of Good Hope and arrived in India. Route: Portugal → West Coast of Africa → Atlantic Ocean → Cape of Good Hope at the southernmost tip of Africa → East Coast of Africa → Indian Ocean → India.
4. Magellan
15 19 to 1522, with the support of the Spanish royal family, Magellan led his fleet to complete a round-the-world trip across the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean and back to Europe. Route: Spain → Atlantic Ocean → East Coast of South America → strait of magellan → Pacific Ocean → Philippine Islands → Indian Ocean → Cape of Good Hope → Atlantic Ocean → Spain.
Extended data:
Impact of the opening of new routes:
1 is the inevitable requirement of the development of world capitalism, which promotes the primitive accumulation of capital process in western Europe;
2. Strengthened economic, political and cultural ties around the world, making the world gradually move from isolation to integration;
3. Accelerated the decline of feudalism in Western Europe;
4. Objectively impacted the backward system in Asia, Africa and Latin America, and spread the emerging capitalist mode of production and ideas. ?
5. Europeans began to control and infiltrate politics in America, Africa and Asia;
6. Political hegemony is accompanied by economic exploitation and plunder;
7. Due to the infiltration of Christianity and western culture, the culture and lifestyle of colonial areas have gradually changed;
8. It has brought profound disasters to the local people and caused long-term poverty and backwardness in these areas.
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