Daxinganling tunnel is one of the major construction projects of Middle East Railway. Located at 5 16 km of Binzhou line, it is 262 meters long and 972.6 meters above sea level (456 sand rope made in Russia). The line is 920-960 meters above sea level, the tunnel is 3077.2 meters long, 8 meters wide and 7 meters high. Double-line and single-line traffic are laid in the tunnel. The west slope of Xing 'anling is small and gentle, and Xing 'anling Station is set up. Dongpo slope is steep and the rock is steep. From the east entrance of the tunnel to the Yarlung Zangbo River Valley, fill the embankment to bypass the foothills and bypass the spiral expansion line for more than 2 kilometers. The slope of the line before entering the tunnel entrance through the expansion line is 15‰.
1897 Russian engineer Prosinsky put forward the idea of building a tunnel through Xing 'an Mountains when he first surveyed the line. 1899 after the road construction project on the west line of Zhongdong Road started, Bocharov, the engineer in charge of the fourth construction area and spiral extension project of Xing 'anling Tunnel, made another field investigation and decided to build Xing 'anling Tunnel. 1900 started construction, and the east and west sides were excavated simultaneously. 1in the autumn of 903, Japan-Russia relations became more tense. For military purposes, Russia raided the tunnel project day and night to speed up the progress of the project. 1904, due to the need of fighting against Japan, Russia forcibly passed the first military train on February 10 under the condition that the tunnel renovation was not completely completed. When all the internal repairs were completed, the Middle East Railway Engineering Bureau officially handed over the Xing 'anling Tunnel to the Middle East Railway Bureau on February 17. From May 27th, all kinds of trains will run through the tunnel.
The laborers and engineers in tunnel construction are Russians, so coolies hire more people from China. Among them, "masonry" is the most important and huge construction project. At that time, there was a shortage of masons in Russia, so it was very difficult to hire them locally. Therefore, 500 skilled masons were recruited from Italy, and the construction was supervised by Russian engineer Gabriel. A year later, due to poor working conditions and poor living environment, Italian masons quit their jobs and returned to China, leaving only 150.
In addition to this tunnel, a new Nangou tunnel was built. At that time, it was called "Shi Weng Road in Xing 'an Mountains", which was an integral part of the line crossing Xing 'an Mountains. This is an inevitable building with a spiral transmission route around the mountain, with a length of 765,438+0.1m. After passing through boketu from west to east, the Haman Railway in the Middle East enters the hinterland of Xing 'an Mountains, where mountains overlap and peaks depend on each other. In order to make the railway cross the mountain, a spiral exhibition line was built around the mountain. After 2 kilometers around the mountain, enter the Xing 'anling Tunnel from the east entrance. Because the starting point of the spiral expansion line is far from the elevation of the east entrance of the tunnel, it passes through the line at 554 km 020 m during the detour of the expansion line, so that the line can reach the east entrance of Xing 'anling Tunnel through here. Therefore, this tunnel was built at the same time as the spiral expansion line and Xing 'anling tunnel.
The Daxinganling tunnel was almost bombed twice in history.
Once, during Hyman's Anti-Japanese War, in Su Bingwen 1932+0 1 June, in order to prevent Japanese troops from crossing Daxinganling by train, anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians tried to blow up the tunnel, but they were stopped by the Eastern Railway Bureau of the Soviet Union.
The second time was in August of 1945, when Soviet troops sent troops to the northeast. In order to stop the Soviet attack, the Japanese army buried more than 1500 mines in the tunnel, which were later destroyed by the Soviet army.
Daxinganling tunnel is also the only railway artery connecting the east and west of Daxinganling!