Sand magnetic culture is actually an academic and cultural center centered on Shapingba and Ciqikou, just like the "University Town" that we are trying to build now. In essence, it is named by combining the initials of Shapingba and Ciqikou. This feeling seems to have nothing to do with history. In fact, tracing back to the source is the history of humiliation and anti-Japanese of our nation. In other words, it can be said. From the beginning of 1935 to the full-scale outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in March of 1938, a group of patriotic educators, intellectuals and other patriots, led by Hu Shuhua, president of Chongqing University, and Zhang Boling, president of Nankai School, advocated and formed in the national anti-Japanese war. The main signs of the completion of the cultural district are the establishment, expansion and publication of the Declaration of all walks of life in the Shatz Cultural District, the publication of the monthly magazine Shatz Culture, which represents the cultural district, and the formal establishment of the Shatz Cultural District. The first issue of Shaci Culture was published on 1940 and inscribed by Luo Jialun, President of National Central University. 1938 1 National Anti-Japanese War Weekly was founded by the Student Self-government Association of National Central University. From 65438 to 0937, Japan invaded China in an all-round way. After the fall of Nanjing, the then ruling National Government took Chongqing as its capital. It seems that this small move has turned Chongqing, a remote place in southwest China, into a political, economic and cultural center at once. During the Anti-Japanese War, Chongqing, as the wartime capital, gathered important talents of literature, art and music in China at that time, and the scope of Shaci cultural area expanded rapidly in all directions. Its peripheral edge reaches Panxi and Baixi on the other side of Jialing River in the east, Liziba and Huayan Temple in the south and Qingmuguan along Chengdu-Chongqing Highway in the west. The Ministry of Education of the National Government moved to Qingmuguan Wenquan Temple for office, and the National Conservatory of Music (now the predecessor of Beijing Central Conservatory of Music) was established near Qingmuguan Laoguan. Shapingba became the national cultural center during the Anti-Japanese War, with 18 institutions of higher learning and one-eighth of the national college students, as well as numerous cultural and academic research institutions and more than 250 factories and enterprises. A large number of patriotic educators, scientists, cultural artists and industrialists gathered here, presenting a prosperous educational scene with many school buildings and many famous teachers.

The Kuomintang government has actually done a lot of tangible things in the ten years when it was in power in Chongqing's rear area, and the education policy of the Kuomintang government is an important part of the Kuomintang's governance. First of all, it puts forward the educational proposition that "we should pay attention to education in peacetime in wartime, and we should pay attention to education in peacetime in wartime", which fully shows that the more tense the war is, the more attention should be paid to education, and it also puts forward educational measures to meet political, military and economic needs.

The following is part of the Kuomintang's wartime education policy:

"(2) Educational measures that meet military needs. This mainly includes the implementation of special education and war zone education, as well as incentives for students to volunteer to join the army.

1. Implement special education. "Special education" is a special teaching and research added by the Ministry of Education of the National Government to meet the needs of war and national defense.

2. Promote education in war zones. In the struggle with the Japanese army for occupied areas, on the one hand, the enslavement education carried out by the Japanese puppet troops must be destroyed in the "points", "lines" and "areas" controlled by the Japanese army; On the other hand, we should actively carry out education in places beyond the reach of the enemy and puppet forces.

3. Reward students to join the army. In May 1944, the Ministry of Education promulgated the Measures for Senior High School Students' Voluntary Participation in the Army and the Measures for Senior High School Students' Participation in the War, stipulating that students who have participated in the regular army or participated in guerrilla work recognized by military technical organs or the government, and those who volunteered to join the army should be "retained" by their original schools, and those who have made meritorious deeds should be "declared" by military organs according to law. For those who died in the line of duty, "in addition to the honor and postal code stipulated by the government, the original school should set up a monument in the school as a souvenir"; It also stipulates that "the names and service deeds of students who volunteer to join the army shall be compiled by the Ministry of Education into the central historical materials of the Anti-Japanese War, educational yearbooks or educational history, and collected and made public by local provincial and municipal educational administrative organs. Those who have made special contributions shall be petitioned by the Ministry of Education to the Executive Yuan for express praise" [33]. "

In fact, for me, the memorable event may be the southward migration of colleges and universities before the Anti-Japanese War. For example, after Peking University moved south, it was The National SouthWest Associated University at that time. Some netizens commented on The National SouthWest Associated University at that time: "In the war, the national The National SouthWest Associated University drew its most brilliant track. However, she didn't appear out of thin air. Strictly speaking, she is the crystallization of the transformation and accumulation of Peking University, Tsinghua and Nankai before 10 or even 20 years. The casting of a university including ideas, systems, majors, courses and other entities often depends on the efforts of the president and his management team for many years. " Now famous universities can be found in Chongqing. No one can imagine that Fudan University, which is located in Shanghai today, is the same as its Beibei District in Chongqing. Of course, the most noteworthy thing is that Lee Teng-hui is one of the founders of Fudan University. Now there is a "Deng Hui Pavilion" built for him in Beibei, but this place has lost its former glory in the fire.

On February 6th, 70 years ago, Shaping Cultural District held its inaugural meeting in Chongqing University and announced its formal establishment to all sectors of society. Zong Baihua, Hu Shuhua, Zhang Boling, Luo Jialun, Gao Xianjian and other older intellectuals "hold high the torch of the times". After a lapse of 70 years, on February 6th, 2008, at the symposium on the establishment of Sand Magnetic Culture Day in Longshapingba District, Zhang Yuan, Guo Pingying, the grandson of Zhang Boling and the daughter of Guo Moruo, and Yi Shu, the son of Lao She, gathered together to talk about "Sand Magnetic Culture". In order to build a distinctive cultural brand, Shapingba District decided to designate March 30th as "Sand Magnetic Culture Day" every year, which undoubtedly affirmed the historical position and cultural accumulation of sand magnetic culture.

In fact, it is said that sand magnetic culture is a mixed culture. According to the present statement, it is better to say that it is the establishment of Chongqing Cultural District. The following is the story of sand magnetic culture mentioned in an article in Chongqing Daily entitled "Sand Magnetic Culture: Torch in War Years".

Seventy years ago, Hu Shuhua thought deeply about this with the conscience of an intellectual and a strong sense of national responsibility. Hu Shuhua is the second president of Chongqing University. 1in the autumn of 936, he first put forward the idea of building Chongqing Cultural District in Shapingba. He believes that the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation needs the promotion of modern science and technology culture, but the development of science and technology needs culture as the foundation. To this end, he wrote the article "Ideal Chongqing Cultural District". In view of the current situation, he wrote in his article that "the urgent task is to prepare for national defense", but "due to the lack of talents and cultural backwardness", national defense has "failed to meet the needs of the wartime rear". To this end, he proposed that "the work that should be prepared for national defense should focus on cultivating talents and improving culture ... Chongqing culture, especially the most important link." He believes that "the establishment of a new cultural district in Chongqing is not only related to the development of Sichuan culture itself, but also to the future of the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation." "Its light not only shines on a corner of Chongqing, but also radiates to the southwestern provinces and the whole of China." From this, we can see that the will to establish a Chinese cultural area only lacks certain conditions. In 1937, six months after Hu Shuhua's idea was put forward, the Japanese army launched the "July 7th Lugouqiao Incident", and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out in an all-round way. Universities, primary and secondary schools, cultural and scientific research institutions and a large number of factories in Nanjing, Shanghai, Beiping and Tianjin moved back to Jiangxi and came to Chongqing, the wartime capital. There were once 18 institutions of higher learning along the Jialing River, and the number of students accounted for about one-eighth of the country. At the same time, it has poured into more than 250 factories and many cultural, academic and scientific research institutions. The arrival of these units further created conditions for Hu Shuhua's vision and quickly received positive responses from people from all walks of life. With the active support and participation of educators such as Zhang Boling, President of Nankai School, Luo Jialun, President of Central University, Gao Xianjian, President of Sichuan Education Association, and many economic and business people, 1938 On February 6, Chongqing Shaci Cultural District was announced in Chongqing University and officially opened to the public on March 30 of that year, thus opening a hall where many cultural elites gathered. The birth of the cultural district is like a giant arm, holding high the torch of a war-torn era at the most dangerous time of the Chinese nation, giving countless people hope. Books and machines are everywhere, no matter by Jialing River or under Gele Mountain. ...

Experts believe that "sand magnetic culture" is a combination of the modern elite culture of the Chinese nation and the popular culture during the national revolutionary war. It is also a combination of traditional excellent national culture and advanced western culture. It is not only the continuation and development of the May 4th New Culture Movement in Chongqing Shaci Cultural Zone, but also an important milestone in the history of modern education, and a valuable asset of Chongqing and even the whole Chinese nation.

As the cultural center of wartime China, the Cultural District took the lead in setting off the upsurge of saving the country through education, science, industry and rural construction, and made great contributions to the final victory of the Chinese nation in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and national rejuvenation. Cultural district has trained and transported a large number of talents for the construction of new China, and also played an important role. With the end of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, a large number of schools and intellectuals in cultural areas moved eastward, and their functions and influences spread eastward rapidly. Especially in the field of culture, there are more than 100 academicians in China Academy of Sciences and Academy of Engineering alone, which have become the main force in developing advanced productive forces in new China.

After the founding of New China, the excellent tradition of cultural blocks has been further extended and deepened in Shapingba. 1950, Chongqing Municipal Party Committee and Municipal People's Government established the third district of Chongqing (named Shapingba District in 1955) as a cultural district. Guided by the original foundation and spirit of Shaci Cultural District, after decades of construction, Shapingba District has developed into a famous science and education cultural district with strong scientific and technological strength and developed culture and education in Chongqing. As of 2007, it has been rated as "National Science and Technology Progress Zone" for seven consecutive years, and it has maintained the title of "National Cultural Work Advanced Zone" for sixteen consecutive years. There are 19 institutions of higher learning, 1 12 primary and secondary schools in the whole region, with 6,373 full-time teachers. In the western land of Shapingba District, a new western city including Chongqing University Town, Xiyong Microelectronics Industrial Park and Tuzhu Railway Logistics Park has been built. Shapingba is being built into a highland of education, high technology and modern logistics in western China in a standardized and orderly way. At the same time, through the grafting of tradition and modernity, the area is vigorously building an animation industry base, a culture and art training base, and a cultural creativity and innovation industry incubation base. Cultivate the Three Gorges Square urban cultural entertainment and leisure circle, the Millennium Ciqikou Bayu folk culture tourism circle, and the Chongqing University fashion culture consumption circle.

The establishment of Shaci Cultural District fully embodies the combination of modern elite culture and popular culture in China during the National Revolutionary War, and the combination of national excellent traditional culture and western advanced culture. It is a monument holding high the banner of patriotism, democracy, science and progress in the history of modern education, and it also marks that Shapingba, as a cultural area, has officially entered the historical stage, which deserves our eternal commemoration and development. It is hoped that the sand magnetic culture can promote the development of Chongqing culture and make Chongqing truly become a Chongqing cultural area, even a southwest cultural circle centered on Chongqing.