Looking at the emergence of archaeology in various countries, it is closely related to the social needs at that time and has its profound historical and cultural background. In Europe, due to the great development of biology, geology and many other disciplines in the mid-Kloc-0/9th century, the traditional world outlook has been completely changed, and people are looking for a new theory about the balance of the universe. At the same time, people became interested in barbarian history and unearthed antiquities, and national consciousness began to awaken, which greatly promoted the emergence and development of archaeology. In the United States, the19th century was only the end of the white people's colonization of the aborigines. White people are considered to be superior to indigenous people in culture and race. The fate of Indian oppression and slavery is not the result of white violence and ignorance, but the result of thousands of years of lack of progress. In this ideological background, in order to prove that white people are progressive and Indians are anti-civilization, with the support of federal government agencies, archaeology has developed in the United States. The emergence of archaeology in China is directly related to the social background before and after the May 4th Movement. The May 4th Movement advocated western modern scientific methods and scientific spirit, and the nationalist sentiment was high. However, the western scholars' "China culture comes from the west" greatly stimulated China intellectuals. At the same time, the ancient historians made a profound review of the ancient history of China, denying the legendary era of three emperors and five emperors. In this way, the traditional cultural identity of "Pangu created the world" has been severely hit. The "vacuum" in ancient history and "China culture came from the West" puzzled and frightened China intellectuals. Re-understanding the ancient history of China became an urgent requirement at that time, and China archaeology came into being. Judging from the birth of archaeology, archaeology did not come into being out of thin air, but had its unique social background. In other words, everything in this world is not created out of thin air, but developed step by step. Since it can develop, it shows that there is demand and significance. What exists is reasonable, and archaeology is also reasonable. The status and value of archaeology is not as good as that of some disciplines that can directly meet material needs but indirectly meet spiritual needs. To a considerable extent, it does not exist as meeting individual needs, but as meeting the needs of society or all mankind. Therefore, it is difficult to measure its value or function in a simple economic or material way. In a sense, the value of archaeology should be embodied in the unity of social value, scientific value and artistic value.

We know that the development of human history is closely linked. Today's China is the continuation and development of ancient China. If we don't understand our nation's past in ancient times, we will turn a blind eye to today's construction and development. Moreover, the in-depth study of archaeology also explains the general law of the development process of human history for us. This law of social development, abstracted from thousands of years of historical practice, is bound to have irreplaceable and unparalleled guiding significance and role in our modernization. In addition, archaeology can let us know more about the long history and splendid civilization of the motherland. So as to help us establish a sense of national pride and strengthen our confidence and determination to build a modern power and re-lead the trend of world civilization.

Besides, archaeology also provides us with a sense of belonging that human beings need to survive.