Chu-Han War refers to the battle between Xiang Yu and Liu Bang for feudal ruling power after the peasant uprising in China at the end of Qin Dynasty. It lasted more than four years from the early Han and Yuan Dynasties (206 BC) to December of the fifth year of Gaozu (202 years before the performance).
During the peasant uprising at the end of Qin Dynasty, after Chen Sheng's sacrifice, Liu Bang Group and Xiang Yu Group became the two main forces of anti-Qin armed forces. In the third year of Qin Ershi (207 BC), Liu Bang and Xiang Yu successively led troops into the customs to overthrow the Qin Dynasty.
According to the original agreement of Chu Huaiwang, Wang Zhi entered the customs first, and Liu Bangxian entered Xianyang, which should be Wang Guanzhong. But Xiang Yu is self-reliant, and he tries to dominate the world. In the first month, Xiangyang honored the king as the righteous emperor and moved to Chenzhou. In February, he divided the kings of the world and took Liu Bang as Hanwang, becoming the overlord of the land.
After Xiang Yu entered Xianyang, he wantonly burned and looted, which not only lost the hearts of the people, but also made him unable to gain a foothold in Guanzhong. Since then, he demoted the emperor to Jiangnan, moved Liu Bang to Bashu, moved the king to evil places, and moved his cronies to good places, which provoked and intensified the power disputes among various governors and quickly intensified the contradiction between him and Liu Bang.
After Liu Bang moved to Hanwang, he decided to take Hanzhong as the base, raise the people and recruit kidneys, stabilize Bashu, and then recover Sanqin. Three months later, Tian Rong took advantage of the favorable opportunity to fight with Chu and decided to move eastward. The Chu-Han War finally broke out.
Historical evaluation
The Chu-Han War lasted more than four years, and the vast battlefield, huge scale and unprecedented strategy of using troops played an important role in the history of ancient China war. The Chu-Han War finally achieved the unification of the Western Han Dynasty, which is of positive historical significance.
Xiang Yu evaluation
Xiang Yu abandoned centralization in Qin Dynasty, implemented enfeoffment system, and restored the feudal regime of Warring States. The territory was divided, and the world could not be truly unified, which buried hidden dangers of war. Liu Bang and Xiang Yu fought for the world. Why did Xiang Yu fail?
Xiang Yu was ungrateful, distrustful of his subordinates, unwilling to listen to opinions, and stingy in giving gifts. He couldn't identify and win over talents, so that Han Xin, Ying Bu and others returned to Han successively, and were not good at uniting and using the anti-Han alliance, which led to Wei, Dai, Zhao Wangxie and Chu fighting in their own way, and Wei, Dai and Zhao perished one after another, being headstrong and indecisive.
He killed 200,000 chi soldiers, slaughtered Xianyang and killed Yidi, which greatly lost the hearts and minds of the people. Someone suggested to build a capital in Guanzhong, but he didn't listen. He cooked and killed the admonisher, and Chen Ping made a mistake again and again, which led to Fan Zeng, the counselor, leaving angrily. After the rebellion was put down in the state of Qi, the killing was so heavy that repeated rebellions took place in the same place. Not all of them are in Guanzhong, but they have given up the land of victory.
His unfair enfeoffment led to the rebellion of the princes, and he was tired of dealing with it. Also sealed the three generals of Qin in Guanzhong. Because he killed 200,000 Qin soldiers, it was difficult for the king of Sanqin to gain a foothold in Guanzhong and let the Han army easily pacify Sanqin.
Liu Bangxian entered the customs and sent troops to defend Hangu Pass against the vassals. Originally, Xiang Yu was going to destroy Liu Bang, but he was released only because of Xiang Bo's intercession. At the hongmen banquet, the situation was excellent. As long as he gave the order, Liu Bang would die, but he was indecisive and delayed giving the order, so Xiang Yu lost all favorable opportunities. "He will suffer by then." So Xiang Yu lost to Liu Bang.
Liu bang's evaluation
Liu bang is a sea of rivers. As long as he makes sense, he will listen. He is good at winning over governors and his generals, and everyone is happy to work for him. When Han Xin was the king of Qi, the Chu envoy said that Han Xin, the king of Qi, was irresistible.
Han Xin evaluation
Han Xin, a famous soldier, showed outstanding commander-in-chief ability in the war. First decide the battle of Wei, then break the generation, attack Zhao, attack Yan, cut Qi, and finally destroy the Chu army under the command. It is also determined that the secret crossing of Chencang in the battle of Sanqin came from Historical Records and Biography of Huaiyin Hou. The battle of Jingxing was renamed, the last battle; The battle of Wei River was a battle in which water rushed at the enemy and crossed the river halfway. The Battle of Gaixia was besieged on all sides, ambushed on all sides, with rich strategies and flexible use of troops. It wrote a brilliant chapter in the history of China War and was also highly praised by military strategists in past dynasties.