The combination and arrangement of knowledge is more about using theoretical thinking to establish the trinity of knowledge, cognition and ability from the internal relationship. Take historical materialism and dialectical materialism as the basic points of historical thinking, organize special review, so that theory can control historical facts and historical facts can quote theory. The following are some views on reviewing high school history topics.

First, look at Zhang Gang, grasp it as a whole, and highlight the systematicness of knowledge structure.

At present, students are reviewing the history of senior three, and the review of senior high school history is also deepened and improved on the basis of the first round of review. Its basic idea is to understand and grasp history from a horizontal perspective and establish a networked three-dimensional knowledge system. In the review of special topics, students tend to stay at the level of knowledge organization and fail to meet the requirements of systematization. ?

The review of special topics must focus on forming a network, revealing the essence, finding out the law and developing thinking. This review is not pure knowledge.

The combination and arrangement of knowledge is more about using theoretical thinking to establish the trinity of knowledge, cognition and ability from the internal relationship. Take historical materialism and dialectical materialism as the basic points of historical thinking, organize special review, so that theory can control historical facts and historical facts can quote theory. The following are some views on reviewing high school history topics. First, look at Zhang Gang, grasp it as a whole, and highlight the systematicness of knowledge structure?

Students have mastered a lot of historical information in the first round of review, and it is urgent to effectively reorganize and integrate their knowledge through special review to strengthen their overall grasp of historical structure, level and system. ?

For example, when reviewing the history of science and technology, if we simply list all kinds of scientific and technological knowledge scattered in the teaching materials, it is obviously only organized. To be systematic, we must grasp the history of scientific and technological development from a macro perspective. From the perspective of scientific development, human society has experienced the process from traditional science to modern natural science, and the development of natural science has experienced a brand-new view of time and space from Newton's classical mechanical system to Einstein's theory of relativity. These major scientific developments were closely related to the economic, political and cultural development in Europe at that time. Taking this as a clue, we can organically link the emergence and rise of European capitalism, the European Renaissance in the14-16th century and a series of important scientific achievements in modern Europe. From the perspective of technological development, mankind has experienced three great technological revolutions, namely the first and second industrial revolutions and the third scientific and technological revolution. Students should not only understand the achievements of the three technological revolutions, but also grasp their preconditions, their respective characteristics, influences and their mutual relations, and further understand that the development of social economy provides a material basis for the development of science and technology, and the progress of science and technology promotes the sustained and healthy development of social economy, and the two interact and are mutually causal. ?

Secondly, we should treat the development of science and technology dialectically. The scientific and technological revolution is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, as a positive productive force, it has promoted the development of social economy and greatly enriched the material life and spiritual life of mankind. On the other hand, it has also brought negative effects. The two industrial revolutions have promoted the rapid development of social productive forces, the adjustment of industrial economic structure and the change of social life structure. However, global public hazards such as population explosion, resource depletion, food crisis and environmental pollution have also followed. This forces human beings to think deeply about how to seek harmony with nature and promote the sustainable development of social economy. Third, a comparative review of the history of science and technology at home and abroad. Students can focus on the role of China's ancient science and technology in the progress of world civilization, and how modern western science and technology introduced and influenced China, and analyze the reasons for the decline of China's science and technology in Ming and Qing Dynasties. By reviewing in the above way, students can not only accurately grasp the basic clues of scientific and technological development at home and abroad, but also deepen their understanding of the relationship between scientific and technological development and society, politics and economy, and form an organized and systematic knowledge structure. Second, master the theory, clarify the thinking, and strengthen the combination of history and theory?

At present, the college entrance examination requires more and more students' ability. On the premise of reviewing basic knowledge and mastering the structure of subject knowledge, students should pay attention to the cultivation of subject ability and targeted training. The ability of history college entrance examination mainly includes four aspects: memory and recognition, understanding and interpretation, analysis and synthesis, demonstration and evaluation. Among them, the level of the latter three abilities directly depends on whether the students' historical theoretical foundation is solid or not. Therefore, improving the quality and level of historical theory is the key to achieve a breakthrough in discipline ability and calmly deal with the selection of college entrance examination. Historical theory includes historical materialism and dialectical materialism, which can be summarized as: 1. Human society is constantly developing and progressing; Historical development always changes from quantitative change to qualitative change, from gradual change to leap; Historical development is always a spiral upward movement. ?

2. Human society is advancing in contradiction. Contradictions form historical movements; Contradictions are universal and special, and everything has primary and secondary contradictions, primary and secondary contradictions. 3. All historical phenomena have causes and effects, and are dominated by causal links. 4. All historical development has contingency and inevitability, and inevitability is in the leading position. ?

Any historical event has its essence and phenomenon, and the essence of historical events is determined by the essence, so we should look at the essence through the phenomenon. 6. Social existence determines social consciousness, which has a dynamic role. ?

7. People are the creators and masters of history; Outstanding figures with important influence in history; We should evaluate historical figures from a comprehensive, dialectical and developmental point of view. ?

8. Productivity and relations of production, economic base and superstructure are interrelated and interact with each other, which constitutes the basic contradictory movement of society. ? This is the motive force of social development, and the contradictory movement between productive forces and production relations is the most fundamental motive force of social development. ?

Of course, the basic theories of historiography also include class (stratum) and state, reform and revolution, ethnic relations, culture and art and science and technology, war and its nature. ?

In the review process, students should learn to sum up theories, clarify their thinking and strengthen the combination of history and theory. Strengthen theoretical literacy, improve the level of understanding, and then use these theories to analyze and solve problems, and strive to "history comes from evidence, and evidence is consistent with history; On the subject requirement of "proceeding from history and combining history with theory", the 32 nd question of the history of Shanghai college entrance examination in 2004 examines the adjustment of capitalist economic policy from a new angle. Roosevelt's New Deal adjusted the way of resource allocation in the whole capitalist society and eased the contradictions within the capitalist system. In fact, the capitalist system, like other social systems, has the function of self-regulation and reducing internal contradictions, and has the rationality of its historical existence, which cannot be simply and unilaterally summarized by decay. This question examines whether students' thinking methods of observing and grasping history can keep pace with the times and seek truth from facts, objectively and fairly evaluate and locate historical issues under the guidance of historical theory, and restore the true colors of history. Question 34 asks candidates to choose a prosperous period in ancient China, and simply analyze its reasons and manifestations. Similarly, as a topic to investigate the content of feudal society, the proposer did not describe feudalism as decadent and declining, but affirmed the rationality and progress of feudal rule under the historical situation at that time by analyzing the reasons of prosperous times. Examination questions are also guiding us to renew our concepts and attach importance to the study and accumulation of historical theories. Only in this way can we accurately organize and use historical materials and basic historical theories in the college entrance examination, and combine history and theory to explain our views. Third, aim at current events and find a special breakthrough?

Social focus and hot issues have always been the main theme of college entrance examination questions, so students should also pay attention to hot issues when reviewing historical topics, fully understand social hot issues, understand the ins and outs of hot issues and related issues, especially systematically.

Understand the background, present situation, influence and development trend of the problem. Secondly, it is necessary to grasp the state's major policies in a timely manner and comprehensively analyze the relevant historical knowledge points that may be involved in current political hotspots. Don't forget to read the newspaper when you are reading. I hope that students will often think, actively participate in social practice, pay attention to social life from a historical perspective, enhance civic awareness and social responsibility in practice, and find the starting point of the proposition in life. ?

Fourth, inductive methods, effective training, and improving answering skills?

When preparing for the exam, students generally pay attention to the accumulation of historical knowledge, but often ignore the training of problem-solving methods and skills, so that they fail in the exam. "Training" is an important part of review. But there is also a scientific problem in practice, which is by no means that the more you practice, the better. Practice should be "precise", deep and in place. The key is to choose exercises. The exercises should be typical, hierarchical, and have coverage, and should be as close to the college entrance examination proposition as possible. Under the guidance of teachers, students can practice typical questions from different angles and aspects by changing situations and asking questions, so as to cultivate the flexibility of thinking. After practice, there must be comments based on quantitative statistics, compensation measures and compensation exercises. Through effective practice, master the thinking, methods and skills of solving various questions, give inferences by analogy, abandon the wrong practice of asking questions and betting questions, and confidently go to the examination room.