Experiment 1: measure the density of metal block with balance and measuring cylinder.
Requirements:
1. Raise your hand before measurement, and proceed to the next operation after the invigilator checks and agrees.
2. If the instrument is damaged during the measurement, it shall be reported to the invigilator immediately.
3. Measure the mass of the metal block with a balance and the volume of the metal block with a measuring cylinder.
4. Record the measurement results in the table below and calculate the density of the metal block.
Experimental data record:
The measuring range of the balance is, and the minimum dividing value on the cursor is.
The measuring range of the measuring cylinder is, and the minimum dividing value on the measuring cylinder is.
Mass of metal block (g) Volume of water in measuring cylinder (cm3) Total volume of water and metal block in measuring cylinder (cm3) Volume of metal block (cm3) Density of metal block (g/cm3)
Self-scoring of serial number assessment scoring points
1 The weighing range of the balance and the minimum scale value of the walking scale are recorded correctly.
2 The measuring range and minimum dividing value of the measuring cylinder are recorded correctly 1.
3 Place the balance on a flat level table and remove the protective washer 1.
4. Moving the wandering code to the "0" scale of the balance and adjusting the balance of the balance beam can better judge the balance of the balance 1.
5 Put the sample to be tested on the left panel of the balance and the weight 1 on the right panel of the balance.
6 Use tweezers 1 when placing and replacing heavy objects and moving traveling codes.
7 can correctly measure the quality of metal blocks and record the data correctly. 1
8 The volume of metal block can be measured correctly, and the data is recorded correctly 1.
9 The density of the metal block is calculated correctly (the measured value is consistent with the sample reference value) 1.
10 tidy up the experimental equipment and restore the experimental platform to the state before operation 1.
The total score is 10.
Experiment 2: Measuring Current in Parallel Circuit
Requirements:
1. Raise your hand before the experiment, and proceed to the next operation after being checked and approved by the invigilator.
2. If the instrument is damaged during the measurement, it shall be reported to the invigilator immediately.
3. Connect the experimental circuit as shown.
4. Use the ammeter to measure the total current through the small bulb L 1, L2 and the main road respectively.
5. The experimental data should be recorded in units.
Experimental data record:
When the measuring range of ammeter is 0.6A, observe the minimum dividing value A.
When the ammeter range is 3A, observe the minimum dividing value a.
Current I 1 through L 1 (a) Current I2 through L2 (a) Total current I(a) in the trunk.
According to the experimental data, analyze the relationship between the main current and the branch current (write the expression): _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Self-scoring of serial number assessment scoring points
When the range of 1 ammeter is 0.6A, correctly record the minimum dividing value.
2 When the ammeter has a measuring range of 3A, the minimum dividing value recorded correctly is 1.
3 The circuit is connected correctly, and the switch is in the off state when working 1.
4 The connecting wires shall not be knotted, broken or crossed 1
5 The positive and negative terminals of ammeter are connected correctly 1
6 when measuring the branch current of L 1, the range selection, reading and recording of ammeter are correct.
7 Correct range selection, reading and recording of ammeter when measuring L2 branch current 1
8 Correct range selection, reading and recording of ammeter when measuring main current 1
According to the measured data, the relationship between the main current and each branch current can be obtained as 1
10 Turn off the switch and tidy up the experimental equipment 1.
The total score is 10.
Experiment 3: Measure the resistance of small light bulb when it works.
Requirements:
1. Raise your hand before the experiment, and proceed to the next operation after being checked and approved by the invigilator.
2. If the instrument is damaged during the measurement, it shall be reported to the invigilator immediately.
3. Connect the experimental circuit as shown.
4. Use voltmeter and ammeter to measure the voltage and current of small bulb in different states, and calculate the corresponding resistance value.
5. The experimental data should be recorded and calculated in units.
Time, voltage, current and resistance prompts
1 weak luminescence
2 normal luminescence
Q: Why are the resistances different? A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Self-scoring of serial number evaluation score
The circuit of 1 is connected correctly. During operation, the switch is in the off state of 1.
2 The connecting wire is not broken or crossed, and the sliding rheostat is connected correctly. Before the experiment, the maximum resistance value was 1.
3 voltmeter positive and negative terminals are connected correctly 1
4 experiment 1 ammeter and voltmeter range selection; Appropriate data and correct records 1
5 Experiment 1 Whether the resistance calculation is correct 1
6 Experiment 2 Range selection of ammeter and voltmeter; Appropriate data and correct records 1
7 Experiment 2 Resistance calculation is correct 1
8 Experiment 3 Range selection of ammeter and voltmeter; Appropriate data and correct records 1
9 Experiment 3 Resistance calculation is correct 1
10 Turn off the switch and tidy up the experimental equipment 1.
The total score is 10.
Experiment 4: Measuring the power of small bulbs
Requirements:
1. Raise your hand before the experiment, and proceed to the next operation after being checked and approved by the invigilator.
2. If the instrument is damaged during the measurement, it shall be reported to the invigilator immediately.
3. Connect the experimental circuit as shown.
4. Use voltmeter and ammeter to measure the current of small bulb under different voltages and calculate the corresponding electric power.
5. The experimental data should be recorded and calculated in units.
Time, voltage, current and electric power prompts
1 80% rated voltage
2 rated voltage
3 120% rated voltage
Self-scoring of serial number evaluation score
The circuit of 1 is connected correctly. During operation, the switch is in the off state of 1.
2 The connecting wires are not broken or crossed, the sliding rheostat is connected correctly, and the resistance value is at the maximum position 1 before the experiment.
3 voltmeter positive and negative terminals are connected correctly 1
4 experiment 1 ammeter and voltmeter range selection; Appropriate data and correct records 1
5 Experiment 1 Whether the electric power calculation is correct 1
6 Experiment 2 Range selection of ammeter and voltmeter; Appropriate data and correct records 1
7 Experiment 2 Correct calculation of electric power 1
8 Experiment 3 Range selection of ammeter and voltmeter; Appropriate data and correct records 1
9 Experiment 3 Whether the calculation of electric power is correct 1
10 Turn off the switch and tidy up the experimental equipment 1.
The total score is 10.
Topic 5: Preparation and Properties of Carbon Dioxide
Requirements:
1, master the method of making carbon dioxide in the laboratory, and learn the method of collecting gas by exhausting upwards.
2. Deepen the understanding of the nature of carbon dioxide.
Experimental steps:
1. Connect the equipment according to the drawings and check the air tightness of the equipment.
2. Add 2-3 ml of clear limewater into the test tube;
3. Put a few small pieces of calcium carbonate in another test tube, then add 10- 15mL dilute hydrochloric acid and use it immediately.
Plug the rubber plug of the catheter in the mouth of the test tube and observe the situation in the test tube.
Put the catheter into clear limewater and observe the phenomenon:
Reaction equation:.
3. Use a gas cylinder to collect the gas. After a while, put the batten on the bottle mouth, and the batten will breathe fire.
Description. Cover the collected gas cylinders with glass plates.
4. Put a short candle on the iron frame of the beaker and light it. Pick up a container full of carbon dioxide and slowly pour carbon dioxide into a beaker.
The observed phenomena are:.
grade scale
Serial number check and evaluation score
1 Connect the gas generator and check the air tightness 1.
2 Add 2-3 ml of clear limewater 1 to the test tube.
Prevent a few small pieces of calcium carbonate 1 in the test tube.
4 Add dilute hydrochloric acid and immediately plug the test tube mouth with a rubber stopper with a catheter.
5 Put the catheter into clear limewater and observe the phenomenon 1.
6 Use a gas cylinder to collect gas, and put a piece of wood at the mouth of the gas cylinder 1 later.
7 put a short candle on the beaker iron frame and light it.
5 Collect a bottle of CO2 1.
Pick up a container full of carbon dioxide and slowly pour carbon dioxide into a beaker.
9 Answer the question correctly 1
10 After the experiment, clean the instrument and tidy up the desktop 1.
aggregate score
10
Topic 6: Preparation of 5% sodium chloride solution.
Requirements:
1, correctly use the balance to weigh the quality of solid drugs. .
2. Learn to cultivate a solution with a certain solute mass fraction.
Experimental steps:
1. Calculate the mass of sodium chloride and water needed to cultivate 50g of 5% sodium chloride solution. Wherein sodium chloride g and water g
2. Weigh the required sodium chloride with a tray balance and pour it into a beaker.
3. The density of water intake is about 1 g/cm, and the mL water is measured with a mL measuring cylinder.
4. Pour a certain amount of water into a small beaker, stir with a glass rod to get 50g of 5% sodium chloride solution, and pour the prepared solution into a designated container.
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Serial number check and evaluation score
1 Adjust the tray balance
2 Put the same size paper on the two plates of the pallet balance. 1.
3 Weigh the required quality of sodium chloride with tray balance 1.
4 sorting tray balance 1
5 Select the measuring cylinder 1.
6 Take the required water with a measuring cylinder.
7 Pour the measured water into a small beaker 1
8 Stir and dissolve sodium chloride with a glass rod. Pour the prepared solution into the specified container 1
9 Answer the question correctly 1
10 After the experiment, clean the instrument and tidy up the desktop 1.
aggregate score
10
Topic 7: Prove the law of conservation of mass by experiment.
Requirements:
1 Learn how to use the pallet balance correctly.
2. Consolidate and understand the law of conservation of mass.
Experimental steps:
1. Place the pallet balance and level it.
2. Add 30mL diluted copper sulfate solution to 100mL beaker.
Clean 2 iron wires (or nails) with sandpaper.
Weigh the beaker containing copper sulfate solution and iron wire together on the tray balance, and record its mass: m1= g.
3. Remove the beaker, put the iron wire into the copper sulfate solution, and observe the phenomenon.
Reaction equation:.
4.2 minutes later, put the beaker containing copper sulfate solution and iron wire together on the tray balance and weigh, and record the mass m2 = g. ..
5. The relationship between m1and m2. Conclusion:.
6. Remove the beaker and clean it; Tidy up the scales.
grade scale
Serial number check and evaluation score
1 Place and level the pallet balance 1
2 Add 30mL diluted copper sulfate solution 1 to the beaker of 100mL.
3 Sand the iron wire with sandpaper and clean it 1.
4 Weigh the beaker containing copper sulfate solution and iron wire together to 1.
5 Put the iron wire into copper sulfate solution and observe the phenomenon of 1.
6 reaction equation 1
7 Weigh the beaker and wire again. 1.
8m 1 and m2, the conclusion is 1.
9 Collated balance 1
10 After the experiment, clean the instrument and tidy up the desktop 1.
The total score is 10.
Precautions:
1. Before weighing, the balance should be level; The counterweight is taken with tweezers, and it is not allowed to be taken directly by hand.
2. When pouring liquid, keep your eyes on the container mouth, and the bottle mouth of the reagent should be close to the container mouth for testing.
3. Take the beaker down carefully.
Topic 8: Experiment on the Properties of Sodium Hydroxide Solution
Requirements:
1, measure the solution correctly.
2. Deepen the understanding of the properties of alkali solution.
3, master the basic operation of chemical experiment.
Experimental steps:
1. Measure 5mL of dilute sodium hydroxide solution with a measuring cylinder and pour it into a test tube. Observation phenomena: state, color, smell.
2. Determine the pH value of dilute sodium hydroxide solution with pH test paper. It shows that sodium hydroxide solution is meaningful.
3. Heat the test tube with sodium hydroxide solution on the alcohol lamp until the solution boils.
4. In the test tube, add 2 ml of dilute sodium hydroxide solution and drop a drop of phenolphthalein solution, and the solution will turn red. Then slowly add dilute hydrochloric acid into the test tube drop by drop, and keep shaking until the red color of the solution just fades to colorless. Explain the reaction between sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. Write the chemical equation of the reaction.
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Serial number check and evaluation score
1 Select 10mL measuring cylinder 1.
2 Measure 5mL of dilute sodium hydroxide solution 1 with a measuring cylinder.
Dip the solution with a clean glass rod and drop it on the pH test paper 1
4. According to the standard colorimetric card, determine the pH value of the solution as 1.
5 Heat the test tube with sodium hydroxide solution on an alcohol lamp for 65438 0.
6, until the solution boils.
7 Drop phenolphthalein solution 1 into a test tube filled with sodium hydroxide solution.
8 Slowly add dilute hydrochloric acid solution and shake 1.
9 Answer the question correctly 1
10 After the experiment, clean the instrument and tidy up the desktop 1.
aggregate score
10
Experiment 9 observed tomato pulp cells.
Experimental supplies: tomato, clear water, iodine solution, gauze, tweezers, blade, dissecting needle, dropper, absorbent paper, microscope, cover glass and glass slide.
Experimental content and scoring standard
Operation requirements, scoring points and scoring rules of experimental steps
1. Check the experimental materials and appliances (1.0), and check whether the experimental supplies are complete. 1.0 did not check the experimental materials and supplies, 0.2 points will be deducted; 0.4 points will be deducted for starting the experiment without the consent of the invigilator.
2. Make temporary slices of tomato pulp cells.
(3.5 points) Wipe the cover glass and glass slide correctly with gauze. 0.5 If the wiping method is incorrect, 0. 15 points will be deducted each time.
Take a drop of water with a dropper and put it in the center of the slide. 0.5 If the dropper is used incorrectly and the water drop size is inappropriate, 0. 15 points will be deducted each.
Pick a little tomato pulp with a dissecting needle and drop it in clear water. 1.0 The material size is not suitable. If it is too much or too little, 0.3 points will be deducted.
Pick up the cover glass with tweezers, so that one side touches the water drops on the glass slide first, and then slowly put it down to avoid bubbles. 0.5 If there are many bubbles or obvious bubbles in the package, 0.3 points will be deducted.
Standardize the operation and dye evenly (drop a drop of iodine solution on one side of the cover glass with a dropper). 0.5 dyeing method is incorrect, 0.3 points will be deducted.
Absorb from the other side of the cover glass with absorbent paper, so that the dye solution can soak the slide specimen. 0.5 uneven dyeing, 0.3 points.
observe
(3.5 points) 1. Rotate the converter correctly to select the objective lens (the low-power objective lens is facing the light hole); 2. Turn the shutter correctly and choose a large aperture; 3. Look at the eyepiece with your left eye and open your right eye; 4. Turn the mirror until you see a bright field of vision with uniform brightness. 1.5 Hand-pulled objective lens rotation converter, 0.3 points deducted; Choose a high-power objective lens to aim at the light, and deduct 0.2 points; Improper aperture selection, 0.2 points; Avoid direct sunlight, and do not move the mirror base, the brightness of the field of vision is uneven, 0.2 points will be deducted.
1. When lowering the lens barrel, keep your eyes on the objective lens and use a thick focusing screw; 2. When lifting the lens barrel, look at the eyepiece with the left eye, first use the coarse focus screw, and then use the fine focus screw to make the object clear. 1.0 If the eyes don't look at the objective lens from the side, 0.2 points will be deducted; Contact loading of objective lens, 0.2 points deducted; Do not use the coarse quasi-focus spiral, but directly use the fine quasi-focus spiral to find the object image, and deduct 0.2 points.
1. Move the film with both hands and find the object image under the low-power objective lens. The object image is correct and clear and placed in the center of the field of view; 2. Can correctly use the high-power objective lens, and the object image is correct and clear and placed in the center of the field of vision. 1.0 You must first find the object image under the low-power objective, and then switch to the high-power objective. Improper use of high-power objective lens, 0.3 points deducted; The physical image is incorrect, 0.2 points will be deducted; If the physical image is correct but not clear, 0. 1 point will be deducted.
4. Experimental convention (1.0) 1. The microscope is restored to the static state as required (the objective lens, lens barrel and reflector are placed in the correct position); 2. Clean used electrical appliances; 3. Put the materials and utensils in order and keep the desktop clean. 1.0 The objective lens position is incorrect, and the lens is not splayed outward to both sides, so 0. 1 minute will be deducted; Microscope can't be sent back to the mirror box.1min; Not erect mirror 0. 1 min; 0. 1 point if the desktop is untidy and unclean; Leave the examination room without the teacher's consent, 0.2 points will be deducted.
5. Emotional attitude values (1.0) 1. Scientific inquiry (0.2); 2. Seriously (0.2 points); 3. Concentrate on the operation (0.2 points); 4. Take care of the equipment (0.2 points); 5. Abide by discipline (0.2 points). 1.0 unscientific exploration, 0.2 points deducted; Not serious, 0. 1 min; Inattention in operation, 0. 1 min; Do not take care of the equipment, 0. 1 minute; Deduct 0. 1 point for non-compliance with discipline.
Total 10.0
In experiment 10, the epidermal cells of onion scale leaves were observed by microscope.
Materials and utensils: onion scale leaves, clear water, dilute iodine solution, microscope, glass slide, cover glass, tweezers, blade, absorbent paper, dropper and gauze.
Experimental steps:
Operation process and record of experimental steps
1. Make a temporary film
① Wipe the glass slide and cover the glass with clean gauze.
② Drop a drop of water in the center of the slide with a dropper.
③ Take the inner epidermis of onion scales with tweezers and put it in clean water.
(4) Flatten the inner epidermis of onion scale leaves and cover the cover glass correctly.
⑤ Dye correctly with iodine solution.
2. Observe the epidermal cells of onion scales ① Place the temporary slices on the stage correctly.
(2) the correct light.
(3) It can be observed with a low-power lens, the object image is clear, and the dyeing structure can be observed and recognized.
3. Drawing and recording ① Draw the epidermal cell map of onion scale leaves correctly.
(2) Correctly indicate the names of the structures.
4. Clean the experimental table. After the experiment, put the microscope back in place and clean up the materials and utensils.