Selected Works of Hu Shi 1: My Mother
Every day at dawn, my mother wakes me up and tells me to get dressed and sit up. I don't know how long she sat awake. When she saw me awake, she told me what I did wrong yesterday, and let me admit my mistake and study hard. Sometimes she will tell me all kinds of benefits of dad. She said: You must always follow in your father's footsteps. I've only known this perfect man all my life. You should learn from him and don't lose his shares. A falling stock is an ugly letter of appointment. When she talks about her sadness, she often tears. It was not until dawn that she dressed me and urged me to go to early education. The key to the school gate is at Mr. Wang's house; I looked at the school gate first, then ran to my husband's house and knocked at the door. Someone in Mr. Wang's house handed the key through the door. I took it and ran back. I opened the door and sat down to study. In ten days, I was the first to open the school gate for eight or nine days. I didn't go home for breakfast until my husband came.
My mother is the most strict with me. She is a loving mother and a strict father. But she never scolds me or hits me in front of others. I did something wrong and she just looked at me. I was frightened when I saw her stern eyes. The crime was not serious. She waited until I woke up the next morning to teach me a lesson. She committed a great crime, closing the door when others were silent, first blaming me, then punishing me, or kneeling down, or wringing my flesh. No matter how heavy the punishment is, I am not allowed to cry. She taught her son not to vent his anger and asked others to listen.
One early autumn evening, I had dinner and played at the door, wearing only a vest. At that time, my mother's sister, Aunt Yu Ying, lived in my house. Afraid that I was cold, she took out a small shirt for me to put on. I refused to wear it, she said? Put it on. It's cold. ? I casually replied:? Mom (cool) what! I'm not even an old man. ? As soon as I said this, I looked up and saw my mother coming out of the house. I put on my shirt quickly. But she heard this frivolous remark. In the dead of night, she made me kneel and gave me a heavy punishment. She said:? How proud you are to lose my father! So you can talk! ? She was trembling with anger and refused to let me go to sleep. This is my strict teacher and my loving mother. My mother is the kindest and gentlest to others and has never said anything that hurts her feelings. But sometimes she is also very strong and not insulted by her personality. My fifth uncle is a loafer. One day, he complained in a cigarette shop that my mother needed help at home and was probably always kind to him. This sentence reached my mother's ear. She burst into tears with anger. She invited several people in her family and called her fifth uncle. She asked him to his face who he had given him what benefits. She didn't stop until Uncle Wu publicly admitted his mistake and made amends. I lived under my mother's lessons for nine years and was greatly influenced by her. I left her when I was fourteen (actually only 1202 or three months old). I have been playing poker alone in this vast sea of people for more than 20 years, and no one has ever taken care of me. If I learn a little good temper, if I learn a little kindness to others, if I can forgive and understand, I will thank my loving mother.
Selected Works of Hu Shi II: Mingjiao
China is a country without religion, and China people are a nation without superstitious religion. This is the conclusion of several scholars in recent years. Some people are complacent because they think it is an honor not to be superstitious about religion. Some people have to pull a long face when they hear this, because they think a nation without religion is going to collapse.
If you are happy now, don't be too proud of what you are proud of, and don't worry about what you are worried about. Because we found that China is not without religion: we have a great religion in China.
Confucianism has long been unlucky, Buddhism has long been declining, and Taoism has long been left out in the cold. But we still have our religion. What religion is this? This teaching is very famous. What's his name? Mingjiao? .
What does Zoroastrianism believe in? Faith? Name? .
What does Mingjiao worship? Worship? Name? .
There is only one creed of Mingjiao:? Believe in the omnipotence of names. ?
? Name? What is this? This question seems to need some textual research. In the Analects of Confucius, Confucius said, will it be justified? Zheng Xuan's Note: Correcting the name means correcting the word. The ancients called names, and this world called words.
"Erie" Bride money? Note: Name, book and text are also included. That's the word.
The ceremony of rites? Big pedestrian? Bet: the title, the text of the book. An ancient name.
The ceremony of rites? Foreign history? Gambling: ancient name, modern word.
"Erie" Bride money? The explanation of the text says: the name is written.
To sum up,? Name? That is, words, that is, written words.
? Mingjiao? It is a religion that worships writing; It is a religion that believes in writing with divine power and magic.
We believed in this religion for thousands of years, but we didn't realize that we had such a great religion. Unconsciously, it is precisely because this religion is so great, ubiquitous and all-encompassing, just like air, we live in the air day and night, but we don't feel the existence of air.
Now that science has advanced, there are good scientists to analyze what air is and good scholars to analyze this great and famous religion.
In the fifteenth year of the Republic of China, a Mr. Feng Youlan published an incisive and famous religious analysis. (The Second Anniversary Supplement of Modern Review, p.196-194. ) Teacher Feng pointed out? Mingjiao? It is a religion that worships nouns and the concept represented by nouns.
Does Mr. Feng only analyze what is provided by the upper class and intellectuals? Mingjiao? Although it is very powerful, it is not? Mingjiao? The heaviest part.
In the past two years, there has been a Mr. Yuan Shao in his river? Ritz? Within the scope of this division, many interesting materials have been found and published in several magazines, such as Yu Si and Contribution. The materials collected by him and his friends are small and generous, refined and vulgar; So their information makes us gradually understand what we China people worship. Mingjiao? What does it look like?
What is our expensive religion like? Listen to me slowly.
First of all, a child gave birth to him. In ancient times, after a child landed, a special person would be invited to listen to the child's crying, make a certain regular sound, and then take a name. (1) See Jiang's Essay 168, No.8 Contribution, page 24. Nowadays, people have become simpler. Just find a fortune teller to arrange the eight characters in a row and see if there are any missing lines in his five elements. If there is water shortage, take a name next to the water; If you are short of gold, take a name beside it. Lack of fire and food, we Huizhou people take one? Kitchen? Words. Fame can fill the void and enjoy the defect.
If the child has a bad life, take him? Send a name? In front of the seat of Guanyin Bodhisattva, walk like a monk? French name? , can be disaster-free.
Children cry and can't sleep well, so they write notes and stick them in places where pedestrians urinate. It says: Huangdi, Huangdi, there is a crying lang in my family.
Passers-by gentlemen watch it again and sleep all night.
The power of words is really a lot.
The child fell and was frightened. Is it shocking? Soul? What do you need? Summon the soul? . What do you call a soul? Go to the place where you fell, spread rice, shout the children's names and call them home all the way. It is the soul that calls its name.
The child grew up and fought with people in the village school and lost, but he hated it, so he took a firewood and wrote a slogan cursing the enemy on the wall: Wang Asan died of a fever. ? He wrote it several times before he calmed down.
So is his mother. She was angry with sister-in-law Wang next door, so she took a kitchen knife and cut it on the chopping board, shouting? Wang Qi's wife? Name, equivalent to scraping and chopping Wang Qisao.
So is his father? Mingjiao? Believers. He was angry with the king, but he beat him again and again, so he had to scold him, his parents, his sister and his ancestors of the eighteenth generation. Scold will make you angry.
According to Mr. Jiang's survey, this family has made great progress now. Children can write on the wall. ? Down with Mao? Yes His mother will shout? Down with Zhou Xiaomei? Yes His father will send it, too. ? Down with Wang Qinglai? Yes (the ninth issue of "Contribution"; Jiang's Sketch is 178. )
His house is unsafe, sick and dead. There is another good way. Call a Taoist priest, draw a few symbols, one on the gate, one on the door and one on the toilet, and the sick ghost will run away and dare not enter the door again. What is the essence of graffiti? Mingjiao? An important method.
Where's the victim? Ask a group of monks to read a few volumes of scriptures, and you can cross over to the dead. So is chanting? Mingjiao? An important method. Characters are words, classics are words, and they all have incredible power.
Dead man, want it? Point the Lord? . Write down the god card and put that? Lord? Headspace, please Lord Taigong. Cut off the comb on the cock's head, and Taigong Zhao dipped the ink pen in the blood of the comb and lit it? Lord? Words. Since then, the soul of the deceased has relied on the main card.
Selected Works of Hu Shi 3: Biography of Mr. Gao
In the late spring and early summer of the decade of the Republic of China, Mr. Wang came to Beijing from Shanghai to see me. He said that he has now decided to resign as the director of the compilation institute of the Commercial Press, and he wants me to be his successor. He said:? Although Peking University is important, we always hope that you will not look down on the cause of the Commercial Press. We mean sincerely. ?
At that time, I was less than thirty years old, and Mr. Gao was already in his fifties. I was touched by his sincere words. I said to him:? I will never look down on the work of the Commercial Press. An institution that dominates the knowledge and thoughts of tens of millions of children is of course much more important than Peking University. I only care that I can't do it myself. ? At that time, I promised him to stay in the Shanghai Commercial Press for one or two months in the summer to see the work there and see if I was qualified to accept the entrustment of Mr. Meng Dan.
That summer vacation, I lived in Shanghai for forty-five days and went to the Compilation Institute of the Commercial Press every day. Teacher Gao shows me the job descriptions of each part of the compilation institute every day and introduces my colleagues to talk with me. Meals are delivered to his home every day. If I have no appointment outside, I always have lunch with him. I know him, Mr. Zhang Jusheng, Mr. Bao Xianchang and Mr. Ji, the predecessors in these museums, are all very sincere to me. But the result of my research is that I have always admitted that my temperament and training are not worth doing. I paid a sincere visit to Mr. Gao and declined politely. He asked me who I thought could do it. I recommend Mr. Wang and introduce him to the predecessors in the museum. They met twice and I went back to Beijing.
After I left, Mr. Gao asked Mr. Wang to go to the editorial office every day and show him the work instructions in the office, just as he had instructed me before. A month later, Mr. Gao resigned as the director of the compilation institute and asked Mr. Wang to succeed him. He retired to the publishing department and tried his best to help his husband carry out the reform.
In nineteen years, Mr. Wang became a member of the Commercial Press. 200 1 year 1 month, the Zhabei factory of the Commercial Press was burned down by the Japanese army. The war disaster is a bit settled, and Mr. Wang is determined to do the recovery work. Both Mr. Gao and Mr. Zhang Jusheng have retired. During that critical period, they came to the library every day to help Mr. Wang with his work. In two years, Mr. Wang worked hard to restore the Commercial Press.
I recorded this story because I thought it was a beautiful conversation. Mr. Wang is my teacher and my friend. Not surprisingly, I recommend him as my replacement. The hardest thing to do is Mr. Gao and several old people in the museum. They took a fancy to a young scholar and entrusted their lifelong career to him: later, they listened to the young man and entrusted this important career to a stranger. This is the painstaking efforts of an old man to entrust most of his business, and it is the demeanor of a great politician to seek the country. This is a book worthy of further study and left to the world to remember.
Mr. Gao, a native of Changle County, Fujian Province, was originally named, and only used his epigram in his later years? Dream Dan? For the name. ? Dream Dan? It was in MengMeng that he longed for the morning light in the long night, which was the best expression of his lifelong pursuit of bright ideals. He called himself in his early years? Chongyou? Take the theme of Pei 1 as an example, people can best embody their spirit of advocating hard work and hating empty talk.
Because he expects the light, he can appreciate and understand this fresh world best. Because he advocates practical things, he doesn't dream that the light will come at once. He knows that progress is accumulated bit by bit, and light comes slowly. The most important condition is that everyone does his bit by bit responsibility and contributes his own light every minute. In his later years, Mr. Gao put forward several reform suggestions. The title quoted a friend's sentence: it's all small problems, and it's not difficult to do it. ? This quotation best describes his interest. What he has done in his life, compiling primary school textbooks for 30 years, advocating his 13-month calendar for 30 years, advocating simplified characters for 30 years, and advocating the reform of telegraph and weights and measures for 30 years are all small problems that he thinks it is not difficult to do. He appreciates me because I have only asked one or two small questions in my life, and I have persevered in doing them, and I dare not aim too high and dare not talk about fundamental reforms. I am worthy of being one of his little comrades.
Miss Gao is the kindest and most enthusiastic person, and there is the kindest and warmest heart hidden under the stuffy appearance. In his big family, both sons and daughters say:? My father is not only a good father, but also a close friend. ? His nephews and nieces all say,? Uncle Eleventh is a saint. ? This saint is not a saint who eats cold pork in the temple, but a flame of the new era who can understand, understand and help people everywhere. He loves friends, society, country and the world. He loves truth, worships freedom and believes in science. He hates metaphysics and Chinese medicine because he believes in science. Because he loves the country and society, and loves talents as much as his own life. He loves Mr. Zhang Jusheng as much as his two brothers. He loves our young friend as much as his own child.
The loveliest thing about him is that he can forget himself most. He has no interest in profit, fame or victory. People say he is enthusiastic, but in fact he is. In his warm heart, he expects all strong and hard-working people to succeed. The success of others makes him happy and comforted, just like his own success. Because of enthusiasm, it seems that there is no self.
Mr. Gao was born in 1870 1 28th, and died in123rd, July, 936. He was buried in Shanghai Hongqiao Cemetery. Four months after his death, his friend Hu Shi wrote this short story on a Pacific ship.
1936, 1 1, 26.