Qiu Erniang's father, Qiu Liu, is a farmer and fisherman who knows a little about calendars and medical skills. Brother Qiu Monkey, he works as a farmer and burns charcoal. Because of her poor family, Qiu Erniang was sold to the Liu family in Houlong village, Hui 'an County as a child bride, and was abused by her mother-in-law and husband before and after marriage.
In the early years of Xianfeng, Qiu Ernian couldn't stand the abuse of her husband's family and fled to her cousin's house in Dongping village to make a living by embroidery and practicing medicine (learning some calendars and medical skills from her father and her father). Behring is a Jianghu person. Joined the Taiping Army and was sent back to Fujian. He got in touch with Lin Jun through Hu Xiong, a poor middle peasant who became sworn brothers with Lin Jun, and prepared to launch an armed uprising in Hui 'an. Inspired and educated by Belin, Qiu Ernian often went deep into the masses under the guise of practicing medicine and soon United a group of like-minded people. Employee Zhang Lu, doctor Wang (son), vendor Yang Xin and scholar Chen Qiupu joined the uprising team one after another and became the backbone of the uprising army.
In April of the third year of Xianfeng (1853), there was an uprising in Yongchun Prefecture, and in the second year of Qiu, the banner of the uprising was also raised in Gaoming Palace in Bijiashan, Huibei, and it began to lead poor farmers to resist taxes and pay taxes, crack down on landlords' armed forces and punish corrupt officials, which won the enthusiastic support of the people in Hui (An) of Jin (Jiang), and the team quickly expanded from several hundred people to several. Shortly after the uprising, Belin died, and Qiu Erniang held high the banner of "obeying the fate of Qiu Niangniang" and continued to fight and became the leader of the rebel army. She modeled herself on the military organizations in the kingdom of heaven, established men's and women's camps, and established Xiaoshijie village in the base area. The Qing army came to "clean up". She led the rebels to fight in Guangxi, Ban Ling and Yibin, and defeated the Qing soldiers. In August of the same year, she led the Rebel Army to join forces with Lin Jun's team who entered Xianyou and Putian at that time, and the momentum gradually increased. In the Qing Dynasty, the rulers of Fujian repeatedly exclaimed that "from Putian in the east to Hui 'an in the south, it stretches for more than a hundred miles ... all thieves live in it". Qiu Erniang's rebel army dealt a powerful blow to the feudal rulers.
In April of the fourth year of Xianfeng (1854), Lin Jun was pursued by Bao Zhong, the general company commander of the Qing army in Putou, Nan 'an. In order to distract the enemy, Lin Jun ordered Qiu Erniang to lead his troops to attack Huian County. She immediately reached an agreement with the insurgents in various townships: with the beacon fire on Kameyama Mountain as the signal, she would gather in the county seat as soon as the fire was fired on the mountain. On the morning of April 24th, she and Hu Xiong personally led more than one thousand insurgents to the county seat. Unfortunately, it was foggy that day, and the rebels in various townships couldn't see the bonfire on Kameyama Mountain and didn't come to meet them. Coupled with the military intelligence leak, the Qing army in the city has long been on alert. Qiu Ernian fought alone. Although she launched a fierce attack on the county seat, she finally resisted desperately because of guarding the city. The armed landlords of the four townships rushed to attack, but the county town failed to conquer. Although the county town was not captured in this battle, the purpose of mobilizing the enemy and helping Lin Jun clear the gap has been achieved.
Since then, Qiu Ernian has been leading the anti-Qing in the mountainous area of Huibei Mountain.
During May and June of the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855), due to the insatiable greed of Chen Qiao and Chen in the uprising team, Qiu Ernian was captured by the Qing side and sent to Quanzhou. She was tortured and unyielding. On June 14 of the same year, he was executed by Ling Chi in Quanzhou South Hospital at the age of 22.
During the Qing Dynasty Xianfeng (1851~1861) Autumn Ernian uprising, taxes were heavy, foreign goods flooded the market, and usurers took the opportunity to exploit it, which made Huian economy in trouble and farmers' lives difficult. Anti-Qing secret organizations such as "570" and "3: 00 Meeting" appeared in Wu Hou, Zhengqi, Dawu and Zhangkeng. Huibei (now Quangang District), Dongping Village (once participated in the Taiping Army), Xu Daifa Shi Huxiong (an activist who returned to Fujian from the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom), Wang and others are also planning anti-Qing uprisings. In the third year of Xianfeng (1853), in April, Belin and Qiu Erniang killed 1 a grain professional sacrificial flag in Gaoming Palace in Bijiashan, Huibei, which read "Qiu Erniang obeyed the destiny" and shouted the slogan "Officials forced the people to rebel" and announced the uprising. They echoed the Yongchun Uprising launched by Lin Jun, the fierce king of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and became a military force in the revolutionary movement of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in Hui 'an. Insurgents attacked the Qing soldiers and local armed forces, mobilized farmers to resist taxes and taxes, and punished corrupt officials, local tyrants and evil gentry, which won the support of the broad masses of farmers and the ranks continued to grow and develop. Soon, Belin died, and Qiu Ernian became the leader of the rebel army and continued to fight. After imitating the military organization of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, she set up a male camp and a female camp, and established a base area-Shitou Village. In August, Qiu Ernian led the insurgents to meet Lin Jun's insurgents who entered Xianyou and Putian, and the momentum was even greater. In April of the fourth year of Xianfeng (1854), in order to help Lin Junyi, who was chased by Bao Zhong, the general company commander of the Qing army in Putou, Nan 'an, get out of trouble, on the morning of 20th, Qiu Ernian and Hu Xiong led more than 1,000 rebels to Hui 'an County. Due to the dense fog, the rebels in various townships could not see the beacon signal on Kameyama Mountain and did not go to meet them in time. In addition, the Qing army in the city was ready, and the county town failed to conquer. More than 20 people, including strategist Zhang Lu, were arrested and killed. Ma Shouqi, the magistrate of Quanzhou, heard the news and sent 300 troops to support him. He also ordered Zhong to divide his troops from Nan 'an and take 1500 men to Hui 'an. The rebels had to evacuate the county seat. The Qing army threw the air everywhere and had to offer a reward for the capture of Qiu Ernian. In May of the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855), Qiu Ernian was arrested and taken to Quanzhou because of the betrayal of traitors Chen Da, Chen Qiao and Chen Chao. She suffered a severe blow, but she remained steadfast. On June 14 of that year, Qiu Erniang was executed by Ling Chi in Quanzhou South Yard at the age of 22. Later, statues of figures in Hui 'an, Quanzhou and Xianyou were enshrined, calling them "Xiangu", "Mrs. You Lu" and "Zhuang Godmother".
People's Anecdotal History researchers listed her as the third woman who was tortured by nudity in the history of China.
In the ancient history of China, the meanest and dirtiest punishment for rulers was molesting women's bodies in public. After the formation of the world outlook of "dressing culture", China people began to be ashamed of being naked, and took away women's clothes to make them * * *, which was a despicable act to belittle her identity and insult her personality, especially the punishment of female prisoners' nudity, which not only belittled their identity, but also played an additional humiliating role. Many women have paid a heavy price for this since ancient times. Qiu Erniang was taken to Quanzhou shortly after her arrest. She was tortured and completely broken, but she remained faithful and unyielding. On June 14 of the same year, Qiu Erniang was taken to Quanzhou South Hospital to prepare for the execution that year. The executioner stripped her of all her clothes and tied her to the scaffold. Before the execution, Qiu Erniang could not help but sigh: "God's will!" Then I closed my eyes, gritted my teeth and endured the flesh being cut off by the executioner one by one. A few hours later, Qiu Erniang died at the age of 22.
Archaeological Discovery Two tax stamps from Xianfeng period in Qing Dynasty were found in Tucuo village, Dongling town, Hui 'an, with a history of 160 years. Both tax stamps are rectangular and made of old paper, but they are well preserved. The face is printed vertically in black, and the written and printed words are still clearly distinguishable. The tax stamp is also stamped with a red seal. On the top of the tax bill of Renzi (the second year of Xianfeng 1852), the words "photos of Renzi households" are printed from right to left, and there are words such as "granting Hui 'an County the tenth grade, collecting yellow as the taxable amount once, and paying the taxable amount twice on August 20 of Xianfeng's second year". The other photo (namely, the third year of Xianfeng 1853) is the same as the "photo of Renzi" and was signed on June 28th, the fifth year of Xianfeng.
According to reports, it can be seen from the "photos of childless families" that the tax revenue is only five taels, but in the "photos of ugly families", the tax revenue from Xianfeng for three years to Xianfeng for five years is only five taels. "That tax revenue did not increase because of the influence of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, but it was an incredible decline, which may be related to the banker Zhuang Qian Zhi's orders from Emperor Xianfeng to organize local organizations to help suppress Qiu Ernian's uprising forever.
Qiu Erniang was commemorated by later generations after her sacrifice. People in Hui 'an, Jinjiang, Xianyou and other places missed her and secretly made statues to worship her, honoring her as "Xiangu" and "Mrs. Youlu". Quanzhou Nanpai residents are enshrined as "Zhuangwildebeest". Later generations also compiled the script "Blood Stays on the River", the puppet show "Hui Erniang" was also rehearsed by the Zhangzhong Puppet Troupe in Hui 'an County, and the historical novel "Hong Martyrdom" published by Lujiang Publishing House praised its heroic deeds.
Qiuerniang stone carving statue
In order to carry forward the historical revolutionary tradition, publicize the spirit of caring for women, embody Hui 'an sculpture culture, and build a rural tourist scenic spot in Ban Ling, and carry out the decisions of the relevant on-site office meetings of the county party committee and county, a stone statue of Qiu Erniang was erected in front of Gaoming Palace in Yibanling, the former site of Qiu Erniang Uprising, to reproduce the glorious image of the peasant uprising leader who resisted feudal oppression and pursued freedom and equality in Hui 'an history. This statue was designed by Fujian sculptor and Quanzhou "March 8th" red flag bearer Lu. It was confirmed that the stone statue was carved according to the model. On August 15 and 13, on June 29th of the lunar calendar, the statue of Qiu Erniang was carried to Gaoming Palace in Ban Ling Village, Zishan Town for installation.