In the Five Dynasties, the rudiment of modern customs-Boyi Affairs was established in Ningbo. In the Song Dynasty, the embryonic form of modern customs, Dr. Shi, appeared, which lasted until the twenty-fourth year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1685), during which it experienced several ups and downs. The area under the jurisdiction of Ningbo Bos is basically the eastern part of Zhejiang, which was merged into Ganpu Bos and Shanghai in the Yuan Dynasty.
In the twenty-fourth year of Qing Emperor Kangxi, the Qing government established Zhejiang Customs in Ningbo, which was then called Zhehai Banknote Pass, and officially replaced the name of "scholar" with the name of Customs. The Customs Office is located in the Municipal Public Security Bureau on the east side of Gulou, Zhongshan East Road. In addition, Zhejiang Customs was set up on Muxing Road near Yongjiang River in Jiangdong to supervise ships and goods and collect tariffs. The jurisdiction is from Taizhou to Pingyangkou, Wenzhou in the south, Zhapu and Ganpu in the west of Zhejiang in the north, with a distance of 1600. In the early years of Qianlong, Ningbo Port was full of boats and boats, and it was a scene of prosperity. However, in the 22nd year of Qianlong (1757), the Qing government adopted a closed door policy and only allowed foreign merchant ships to trade in Guangzhou. The functions of China Customs are greatly reduced, because it only deals with domestic trade and businessmen going to sea.
After the defeat of the Opium War, Ningbo was listed as one of the "five-port trade" ports, and its customs sovereignty gradually lost (except for the Tianning Pass established by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in Ningbo at the end of186/kloc-0, which lasted only five months). At that time, Britain, France and the United States set up consulates on the north bank of Ningbo. 1855, Ningshaotai Road accepted the suggestion of British Consul and Translator Hurd in Ningbo to establish a new customs office in Ningbo. 186 1 year, with the approval of the Prime Minister's yamen, a tax department was set up on the coastal road in Jiangbei to collect foreign trade taxes and fees, commonly known as Xinguan or Yangguan, while the former Zhejiang Customs was located at the Zhejiang Customs Supervision Station, commonly known as the former Zhejiang and Shanghai Customs only collected domestic trade taxes and fees, commonly known as Chang. Zhejiang Customs' tariff autonomy, customs administrative power and tax revenue and expenditure power are completely controlled by foreigners and become semi-feudal and semi-colonial customs.
194 1 In April, Ningbo fell, and the following year, Zhejiang Customs was taken over by the Japanese invaders. 1943, Ningbo customs re-export tax collection office was set up in the former site of Zhejiang customs chief, and a branch was set up in Zhenhai, a completely colonial customs office. It was not until 1945 won the Anti-Japanese War that the government sent personnel to receive Zhejiang Customs.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the tax department, agent tax department and deputy tax department of Zhejiang Customs were all held by China people. However, due to the stagnation of foreign trade, Ningbo's economy is depressed, and taxes are far from offsetting customs expenditures, so Zhejiang Customs is in a period of decline. 1948, Zhejiang Customs was placed under the jurisdiction of Jiang Customs and renamed as Ningbo Branch of Customs.
1949 In May, Ningbo was liberated, and Ningbo Military Management Committee of China People's Liberation Army took over Ningbo Jiang Customs. Since then, Ningbo Customs has ended its semi-colonial and semi-feudal history and entered an independent socialist stage. 1950 In March, Jianghai Customs Ningbo Branch was renamed as Shanghai Customs Ningbo Branch of the People's Republic of China, and in February of the same year, it was reorganized as Shanghai Customs Ningbo Branch. Because of the economic blockade of New China by the United States at that time, Ningbo was located in the southeast front line, so it was difficult to carry out foreign trade and the customs business was almost at a standstill. The General Administration of Customs decided to cancel Ningbo Customs. 195 1 65438+February, Shanghai customs Ningbo branch officially announced the cancellation.
1978 On September 23rd, with the approval of the State Council, Ningbo Customs was re-established to meet the needs of Ningbo Port's opening to the outside world, and the customs business was officially launched in the following year. From June 1 995,65438+1October1,it was adjusted to be directly under the leadership of the General Administration of Customs, and in April 2002 it was upgraded to be directly under the bureau-level customs.
Historical change, eternity and new. It has experienced a long period of nearly a thousand years, from the independent feudal Boyiwu, Boshi and Zhejiang Customs, which were in the bud and budding state in ancient times in the early Qing Dynasty, to the semi-feudal and semi-colonial Zhejiang Customs in modern China, and then to the completely independent socialist customs. Nowadays, Ningbo Customs, which was reborn in the reform and opening up, has made great progress with the deepening and expansion of reform and opening up. From a small customs that only supervises the import and export goods of general trade, it has developed into a comprehensive customs directly under the central government, focusing on seaports, supervising airport and land transit goods, postal articles, bonded goods, statistics and smuggling. The ancient Ningbo customs are full of vitality.