The population exceeds100000, and more than half of them live in Liaoning Province. At present, Manchu people are mainly distributed in: (1) Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces in the northeast, (2) Beijing and neighboring Hebei province, (the inner city of Beijing was defined by the Eight Banners in the Qing Dynasty), and (3) some important cities within the Great Wall were basically strategic places where the Eight Banners were stationed in the Qing Dynasty.
Historical distribution
According to the statistics of Qing Dynasty, in 1760, except Northeast China and Beijing, the cities with the Eight Banners soldiers exceeding 1000 were Jingzhou (5535), Jiangning (4 126), Xi 'an (3970), Guangzhou (3906) and Zhenjiang (352/26). Chengdu (234 1), Hangzhou (2232), Zhapu (Pinghu, Zhejiang, 2037), Qingzhou (1807) and Liangzhou (1 105).
Changes of modern Manchu surnames
The eight surnames in history of manchu are Tongwei, Guaerwei, Mawei, Sochuluo, Qiwei, Fu Cha, Nala and Niulu. After the Revolution of 1911, Manchu people were given the surname of China. Modern Manchu surnames are basically dubbed in Chinese characters from eight historical surnames: Tong, Guan, Ma, Suo, Qi, Fu, Na and Lang.
Some of these modern surnames take the first word in their original polyphonic surnames as surnames, or take a few syllables as tangents and a Chinese character with a near sound as surnames. For example, Guaer changed her surname to Guan, Suochuluo changed her surname to Suo, Ma changed her surname to Ma, Shu Mulu changed her surname to Shu or Xu, and Nora changed her surname to that. Some people also translated the original surname into Chinese characters, for example, Bayan's surname was changed to Fu, because Bayan means wealth in Manchu. The royal family loves Xinjue Roche and changed its surname to Jin, because it means gold in Manchu.
Where do Manchu people live now?
In fact, we all say that Manchu people were gradually assimilated and sinicized in the nearly 300-year rule history of the Qing Dynasty. In fact, this is a two-way process. Compared with Han nationality, Manchu's national culture is relatively weak, so most people stopped insisting on their national character when the Qing dynasty was in diplomatic difficulties. But Manchu people can still leave some of their own national culture. However, Manchu left behind cheongsam, Manchu banquet, some Manchu court texts and historical documents. Of course, apart from a few scholars, not many people can understand Manchu. Therefore, in normal life, you will not hear Manchu, and there will be no Manchu. Everything Manchu people say is already Mandarin. Of course, their surnames are still based on their ancestors. Many people's surnames are translated into Mandarin, which is very long, so we will read a lot of words when addressing them. _ Where do Manchu people live now? Most of them are centered on Beijing. After all, Beijing at that time was ruled by Manchu. Most powerful royal descendants gather in Beijing and nearby areas. In other places, due to the lack of gathering interests, Manchu people have been assimilated to early reading by Han people, and the rules on love and intermarriage are looser than those in Beijing. Therefore, some surnames have been lost. However, in the early, prosperous and mid-Qing Dynasty, the northeast became a place outside the Great Wall, so most Manchu people were unwilling to stay there. Only after the establishment of the Puppet Manchukuo did a considerable number of down-and-out Manchu people follow to the northeast. . So there is still a certain density of Manchu people in Northeast China. There are few Manchu people in other parts of our country, or almost none. Generally speaking, there are not many Manchu people. Moreover, most of the living habits and eating habits are not significantly different from those of the northern Han nationality.
Where did Manchu people in Qing Dynasty come from now?
Manchuria is now much bigger than the northeast of China.
The northeast of Inner Mongolia, the whole northeast, and the east of the northeast to Sakhalin Island are all Manchuria.
However, western Liaoning was under the control of the Ming Dynasty.
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This address is the territory of Manchuria.
Where are Manchu people now?
Manchu people are scattered all over the country, most of them live in Liaoning province, and others are scattered in Jilin, Heilongjiang, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Gansu, Shandong and other large and medium-sized cities such as Beijing, Tianjin, Chengdu, Xi, Guangzhou and Yinchuan. The formation of large dispersion is characterized by small sedimentation. The Manchu autonomous counties such as Xiuyan, Fengcheng, Xinbin, Qinglong and Fengning have been established in the main inhabited areas, and there are also several Manchu townships.
Where were Manchu people before Qing Dynasty? What about now?
Manchu, formerly known as Manchu, is a minority in China. Manchu has a long history. It is speculated that the history of Manchu can be traced back to the Sushen Liu Xin culture and Chaachong culture 7000 years ago. Sushen, Toulou, Buji, Mohong, Bohai and Nvzhen are the ancestors of modern Manchu. Heishui Mohong is the direct ancestor of Manchu, and later developed into Jurchen. Manchu is the only minority in the history of China who established the Central Plains Dynasty twice.
According to the sixth national census in 20 10, the population of Manchu is about 104 105850, which is mainly distributed in northeast and north China, among which Liaoning, Hebei, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces have the largest population, accounting for more than 80% of the total population of Manchu. In addition, Beijing, Jilin, Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang provinces have the largest populations. The main inhabited areas of Manchu are Yitong, Xinbin, Qingyuan, Benxi, Xiuyan, Kuandian, Huanren, Kuancheng, Fengning and Qinglong 10 Manchu Autonomous County, Weichang Manchu and Mongolian Autonomous County, Fengcheng and Beizhen, two cities enjoying the treatment of autonomous counties, and Liaoning, Hebei, Tianjin, Beijing, Jilin, Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia.
Where are Manchu people now?
Manchu, the full name of Manchu, was called Manchu and Manchu after the Revolution of 1911, and it is a minority in China. Manchu people are scattered all over China, most of them live in Liaoning, and others are scattered in Jilin, Heilongjiang, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Gansu, Shandong and other large and medium-sized cities such as Beijing, Tianjin, Chengdu, Xi, Guangzhou and Yinchuan. The formation of large dispersion is characterized by small sedimentation. At present, Xiuyan, Fengcheng, Xinbin, Qinglong, Fengning and other Manchu autonomous counties and several Manchu townships have been established in major inhabited areas. In 2000, the Manchu population was1068,000.
Where exactly do Manchu people live now?
In fact, we all say that Manchu people were gradually assimilated and sinicized in the nearly 300-year rule history of the Qing Dynasty. In fact, this is a two-way process. Compared with Han nationality, Manchu's national culture is relatively weak, so most people stopped insisting on their national character when the Qing dynasty was in diplomatic difficulties. But Manchu people can still leave some of their own national culture. However, Manchu left behind cheongsam, Manchu banquet, some Manchu court texts and historical documents. Of course, apart from a few scholars, not many people can understand Manchu. Therefore, in normal life, you will not hear Manchu, and there will be no Manchu. Everything Manchu people say is already Mandarin. Of course, their surnames are still based on their ancestors. Many people's surnames are translated into Mandarin, which is very long, so we will read a lot of words when addressing them. _ Where do Manchu people live now? Most of them are centered on Beijing. After all, Beijing at that time was ruled by Manchu. Most powerful royal descendants gather in Beijing and nearby areas. In other places, due to the lack of gathering interests, Manchu people have been assimilated to early reading by Han people, and the rules on love and intermarriage are looser than those in Beijing. Therefore, some surnames have been lost. However, in the early, prosperous and mid-Qing Dynasty, the northeast became a place outside the Great Wall, so most Manchu people were unwilling to stay there. Only after the establishment of the Puppet Manchukuo did a considerable number of down-and-out Manchu people follow to the northeast. . So there is still a certain density of Manchu people in Northeast China. There are few Manchu people in other parts of our country, or almost none. Generally speaking, there are not many Manchu people. Moreover, most of the living habits and eating habits are not significantly different from those of the northern Han nationality.
Where are Manchu people distributed?
Manchu is mainly distributed in three northeastern provinces of China, with Liaoning being the largest. In addition, there are a few Manchu scattered in Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shandong, Xinjiang and other provinces and large and medium-sized cities such as Beijing, Chengdu, Lanzhou, Fuzhou, Baiyin and Xi 'an.
Manchu has a long history, which can be traced back to Sushen people more than two thousand years ago. Their descendants have been living in the northern Changbai Mountain, the middle and upper reaches of Heilongjiang and the Wusuli River basin. 1644, the Qing army entered the customs, unified China, and formed a situation in which Manchu and Han lived together for a long time. After the Revolution of 1911, Manchu was renamed Manchu. Manchu people honor their elders and pay attention to etiquette. When they meet elders on the road, they should bow sideways and wait for them to pass by. Not only the younger generation should greet the elders, but also the younger generation should greet the elders. When relatives and friends meet, in addition to shaking hands to say hello, some people will also say hello. The kowtow ceremony is common in the lower level to the higher level, and the younger generation to the elder. Show respect, service and entreaty, or pay tribute to the New Year during the Spring Festival. When saluting, first take off your hat, kneel on your left knee and then kneel on your right knee. With a snap of horseshoe sleeves, he landed on his hands and knocked his head three times. This custom has existed since the founding of the People's Republic of China. "News Record of Jianzhou" said: "Take off your hat and kowtow to the slave owner (Nuerhachi) when he sees Hu (referring to Nuzhen as an official), and you will be just like Hu." You should also kowtow when offering sacrifices.
There are many taboos in Manchu life, and taboos are regarded as impolite. Manchu people are not interested in wearing a dog fur hat to eat dog meat, and they are most afraid of others wearing a dog fur hat to enter the house. Legend has it that when Hanwang was in trouble, the dog was saved by kindness, and the Manchu people regarded it as a benefactor and protected it. No one is allowed to sit casually on Xikang. There is a dragon fence in the yard, and animals are not allowed to be tied.
There are also taboos and rules in the hierarchy and hierarchy. A new wife cannot eat at the same table as her father-in-law, mother-in-law and husband. When the elders eat, the daughter-in-law will serve. Otherwise it will be regarded as disrespectful and unfilial. Grandpa and uncle are not allowed to joke with nephew and daughter-in-law. My nephew and daughter-in-law are not allowed to show their arms and legs in front of my uncle. In the past, Manchu women's cheongsam was long enough to cover the instep and the sleeves were long enough to the back of their hands, which was very different from the short-sleeved cheongsam now.
Manchu people have the fashion of respecting the elderly. When young people meet their elders, they should stand with their hands down and answer their questions kindly. If someone complains about their parents, their children must stand up and answer. The old man asked Xiao An for three days and Da An for five days. Please show your respect. Men have "greetings", "beating a thousand children" and "kowtowing". "Greeting" means to retire and say hello. "Sword" means to please Daan, also called "kneeling on one leg", and Manchu means "Ella talami", that is, first quickly brush off the sleeve head, bend the left leg forward, squat down the right leg, hold the knee with the left hand, droop the right hand, and lean forward slightly with the head and body. "kowtow ceremony", that is, kowtow, kneel three times or six times, New Year "must be four times, kneel three times, hold your head high and hold your chest high, if you obey. If you respect your elders, I wish them good words, but you must get up and knock them, otherwise you can't afford it "("Liu Lulve "Volume 4).
Kneel three times and knock nine times to the gods, ancestors and emperors. Women's etiquette is different from men's, and there is a kind of "squat ceremony", commonly known as "semi-squat", that is, standing with feet parallel, hands on knees, bow-shaped, knees slightly bent, like semi-squat. When women meet each other on weekdays, they caress their forehead with their right hand and nod in worship, commonly known as "caressing their temples", that is, caressing their eyebrows, forehead and temples three times, and then nodding their heads visually.
When women meet, the ceremony of holding hands is commonly known as "Lala ceremony", which is different from the visiting ceremony of Han women. Reunion after a long separation, and then holding hands to greet, is a gift from the closest person. When the younger generation met the elder, they held his waist with both hands, and the elder caressed his back with his hands. The old couple had a "head-to-head ceremony" when they met. When we meet again after a long separation, the wife comes forward and holds the old man's chest with her head. The old man stroked his wife's head or neck several times.
Manchu people, when they meet strangers on the road, should bow and ask "Saiyin" (Manchu, good meaning); If you ride a horse, get off the horse and flash on the side of the road to let the elders go first. The elders also politely said, "Thank you, brother, please get on the horse first" and let the young people get on the horse and go ahead.
Daughter-in-law has more respect for in-laws. She should be dignified and respectful, pack cigarettes for her in-laws three times a day, stand and wait on her three meals a day, and send face washing water and foot washing water in the morning and evening. The new wife can't eat on the kang in the first year. Don't wear short clothes in front of your in-laws, and don't scold your children loudly. Son ... >>
Where do Manchu people mainly live now?
Manchu is a big family in the north. In terms of population, Liaoning is a big Manchu province, accounting for more than half of the whole population. Cities with a large population and a high proportion of Manchu include Dandong (more than 40% Manchu), Jinzhou, Fushun and Benxi (more than 30% Manchu), and there are many other prefecture-level cities besides Fuxin. Hebei is the second largest province of Manchu, and Chengde has the densest population, followed by Qinhuangdao, Tangshan with more than 250,000 people and Baoding with 96,000 people, which are basically distributed in county towns and vast rural areas. Langfang and Zhangjiakou have scattered areas. Jilin Manchu ranks third in China, mainly distributed in Jilin City, Siping City and Tonghua City. Heilongjiang has 1 more than ten thousand people. Acheng, shangzhi city, wuchang city, Qiqihar and Suihua in Harbin account for a considerable proportion of the local population, while other counties and cities are scattered. Inner Mongolia is located in Hulunbeier, Xing 'an League, Tongliao and Chifeng in the east, and some counties such as Harqin Banner, Duolun County and Hexigten Banner. In addition, there are more than 250,000 people in Beijing, with a large urban population. Rural areas are located in Huairou District and Miyun District where Manchu people live in compact communities and have a large population: Beijing, Tianjin, Chengde, Tangshan, Shenyang, Benxi, Fushun, Dandong, Jinzhou, Changchun and Harbin.