Hunan Province is located in the middle of China and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Because most of the area is south of Dongting Lake, it is named "Xiang", and because Xiangjiang, the largest river in the province, runs through the whole territory, it is called "Xiang" for short. Its capital is in Changsha. Hunan borders Jiangxi in the east, Chongqing and Guizhou in the west, Guangdong and Guangxi in the south and Hubei in the north. The land area is 21.1.8000 square kilometers, accounting for 2.2% of the land area of China, ranking 10 among all provinces and cities. The total population of the province is 67.372 million (20 14). It governs 14 cities and 122 counties (cities, districts).

Hibiscus has been planted in Hunan since ancient times. During the Five Dynasties, it was called "Li Furong Kingdom in the Autumn Wind", so it was also called "Furong Kingdom". In the Tang Dynasty, TanYongzhi chanted the poem "Autumn Wind of Wan Li's Lotus", and Mao Zedong even praised Hunan with "Hibiscus Sunglow".

Since ancient times, Hunan has had the reputation of "only Chu has material and prospers in Sri Lanka". Since modern times, Wei Yuan, an enlightenment thinker, Zeng Guofan and Zuo, famous ministers of ZTE in Qing Dynasty, Tan Sitong, Tang, Huang Xing, Cai E and Song, founders of Xinhai, have emerged successively. During the period of new-democratic revolution, famous historical events such as autumn harvest uprising, southern Hunan uprising, Sangzhi uprising, Pingjiang uprising, waterway transfer and Zhijiang surrender occurred in Hunan. Proletarian revolutionaries, Ren and Peng made outstanding contributions to the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC) and People's Republic of China (PRC). Nine of the top ten marshals and generals awarded by New China are from Hunan. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Hu Yaobang, Zhu Rongji and other parties and countries appeared. In addition, from famous scientists such as Yuan Longping, the father of hybrid rice in the world, and Lu Guangxiu, the mother of IVF, to famous artists such as Tian Han, Qi Baishi and Huang Yongyu; From famous writers such as Shen Congwen and Zhou Libo, world sports stars such as Xiong Ni and Liu Xuan, to communist fighter Lei Feng; Hunan and Hunan talents join hands to create a better future.

Economically, in 20 14, the regional GDP of Hunan province reached 2,704.85 billion yuan, up by 9.5% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 365.438+0.488 billion yuan; The added value of the secondary industry124810.90 billion yuan; The added value of tertiary industry 1 14 1.78 billion yuan. According to the resident population, the per capita GDP is 40287 yuan. The general public budget revenue of the province is 362.97 billion yuan, and the local revenue is 225.99 billion yuan. Among them, the tax revenue was 654.38+043.82 billion yuan; Non-tax revenue is 8.210.8 billion yuan. The central "two taxes" are 654.38+004.73 billion yuan; Central income tax is 3 1, 7 1 100 million yuan. The province's general public budget expenditure is 502.45 billion yuan. The province's investment in fixed assets (excluding farmers) reached 2195.08 billion yuan.

Resources:

natural resource

Yongzhou City, Hunan Province, Jinxiu Xiaoxiang Bamboo Township, rich in mineral resources, is known as the "hometown of nonferrous metals" and "hometown of nonmetals". Among more than 80 kinds of mineral deposits with proven reserves, antimony ranks first in the world, while tungsten, bismuth, rubidium, manganese, vanadium, lead, zinc, nonmetal realgar, fluorite, sepiolite, monazite and diamond rank first in China. Hunan province is one of the provinces rich in plant resources in China, with a wide variety of plants and rich groups. The main tree species are Pinus massoniana, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Tenjikukatsura, Castanopsis kawakamii, Quercus variabilis, Liquidambar formosana, bamboo, etc. In addition, there are more than 60 precious tree species such as Ginkgo biloba, Taxus chinensis, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Davidia involucrata, Eucommia ulmoides and Bole. Wild animals mainly include South China tigers, leopards, pangolins, antelopes, baiji dolphins and masked raccoons.

water resource

The inland river network in Hunan Province is dense and the water system is developed, with fresh water area of 1.35 million square kilometers. There is Dongting Lake in the north of Hunan, which is the second largest freshwater lake in China. There are four major water systems: Xiangjiang River, Zishui River, Yuanshui River and Lishui River, which flow from southwest to northeast into Dongting Lake and then into the Yangtze River through Chenglingji. There are 534 rivers over 5 km1article, the navigable mileage of rivers is10.5 million km, and the inland waterway runs through 95% of counties and cities and over 30% of towns and villages. The average annual precipitation 1450 mm, the total water resources in Hunan province168.9 billion cubic meters, and the per capita water resources are 2500 cubic meters, which is relatively rich.

mineral resources

According to Hunan Mineral Resources Annual Report compiled by Hunan Provincial Department of Land and Resources in September 20 12, Hunan is a famous "hometown of non-ferrous metals" and "hometown of non-metallic mines". 143 Various minerals have been discovered. 37 kinds of mineral reserves rank among the top 5 in China, and 62 kinds of mineral reserves rank among the top in China 10. Among them, tungsten, tin, bismuth, antimony, stone coal, ordinary fluorite, sepiolite clay, garnet and dolomite for glass rank first in China, while vanadium, barite, aphanitic graphite and ceramsite shale rank second in China, and minerals such as manganese, zinc, lead, mercury, diamond, limestone for cement and kaolin also occupy an important position in China.