The development of education in China has a long history of about 5000 years. The history of education in China has become an independent discipline, but it is very young, less than a hundred years. Before the founding of New China, the discipline of educational history in China had gone through nearly forty years from scratch, from initial establishment to development.

19 At the end of the 20th century, with the establishment of new schools and the promulgation and implementation of the first modern academic system in China, the new curriculum began to enter the classroom, and the subject of China's educational history was listed as a formal subject in universities and normal schools. At first, foreign textbooks or handouts were introduced, which mainly translated, compiled and narrated Japanese scholars' works, such as History of Chinese and Foreign Education, History of East and West Education, History of zhina Education, etc. At the same time, we are also planning and starting to write textbooks. The most representative achievement is that Huang started preparing from 1902 to 1904, and drew up an outline at 1906. Then Liu Yizhi wrote the first history of education in China written by China people in May 19 10.

After the victory of the Revolution of 1911, China promulgated the second new school system, namely "forbearing children and despising ugliness", and the new education in China took a step forward. The number, scale and types of new schools have further developed, and the demand for teaching materials in schools at all levels has greatly increased. The research work and textbook compilation of China's educational history have become active again. In addition to continuing to compile Japanese scholars' works, China scholars' works have also increased, such as The History of Education (Commercial Press 19 14 Edition), Li's History of New System Education (Zhonghua Book Company 19 15 Edition) and anonymous. The most noteworthy is 19 14 the doctoral thesis "Public Education System in China" written by Guo Bingwen, a scholar studying in the United States, translated by Zhou Yun, and published by the Commercial Press on 19 16 with the title "Evolution of Education System in China". The book was originally published by Columbia Normal University, prefaced by the famous American educator Lu Meng, and the Chinese version was prefaced by Huang Yanpei, which had a great influence. Guo Bingwen claimed that the purpose of his writing is to seek historical reference. "It is well-founded, a model and a guide; Conversely, it is the same as the previous car. " Although this book is a general history of education system, it focuses on the establishment and development of modern education system in China. It is the first time that China's modern education has been included in the study of educational history, which can be said to be the first study of China's modern educational history.

Driven by the May 4th patriotic movement, the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal revolutionary movement set off a new climax, and the democratic and scientific trend of thought in new culture education was magnificent. Various educational thoughts and educational experiments have appeared and been carried out one after another, especially the deepening influence of American education represented by Dewey's pragmatic philosophy and people-oriented educational thoughts on China's education and the spread of Marxist theory and educational theory, which have injected new vitality and added new content to the development of modern new education in China. With the promulgation of 1922 "Ren Xu Academic System", the development of China's educational history has entered an unprecedented stage. In less than 20 years, the number of books on the history of education in China has greatly increased, the research fields have been continuously expanded, the research contents have been continuously enriched, the research methods have made new progress and breakthroughs, and the overall level has reached a new height. The most representative achievements are: Outline of China Education History written by Wang (Commercial Press, version 1925, version 1928) and History of China Education written by Chen Qingzhi (the first volume was published in 1926 and the second volume was completed in 1934). In addition, there are Zhou Gucheng's A Brief History of Education in China (Shanghai Taidong Bookstore 1929), Huang Yanpei's Essentials of Education in China (Commercial Press 1930) and Yu Jiaju's Essentials of Education in China (Zhonghua Bookstore 1934). A Brief History of Education, edited by Li () and published by Shanghai World Bookstore from 65438 to 0929, is a unique book on educational history, and is recognized as the first book on educational history written under the guidance of Marxist theory in China.

It was during this period that the study of China's modern educational history became more noticeable and became a hot spot in the study of China's educational history, making China's modern educational history a special and independent research field. In addition to the General History of Education in China, which is generally related to modern times, there have been a large number of works devoted to the study of modern education history in China. Among them, the most representative achievements are China Modern History Education (1928 edition), China Modern Education Thought History (1929 edition), Republic of China History Education (19365438 edition) and China Modern Study Abroad History (/kloc-0 In addition, The History of Modern Education in Zhou Yutong includes The History of Education in China in Recent 30 Years (Shanghai Pacific Bookstore, 1930 Edition), He's Education in China in Recent 35 Years (Shanghai Liangyou Bookstore, 1934 Edition) and Ding Zhipin's Chronology of Education in China in Recent 70 Years (Nanjing National Compilation Center, 65438

After 1937, the destruction of the Japanese Puppet and the chaos of the current situation caused serious losses to China's education, and the development of China's educational history discipline almost came to a standstill.

During the 40 years before the founding of New China, with the efforts of several generations, the discipline of educational history in China has made valuable progress and fruitful achievements, accumulated rich experience in discipline construction and laid a good foundation. However, due to the limitations of history and environmental conditions, the discipline of educational history in China is not very mature. Moreover, due to the destruction of more than ten years of war, research work has almost stopped, and many professionals have lost or given up their majors. After the founding of New China, China's educational history is facing the historical mission of reconstruction. Because the development of modern education is more directly and closely linked with the development of new China education, it is more urgent to re-study the history of modern education in China.

(A) the reconstruction of the history of modern education in China (1950- 1966)

On the eve of the birth of New China, Mao Zedong predicted: "With the arrival of the climax of economic construction, there will inevitably be a climax of cultural construction. The era when China people were considered uncivilized has passed, and we will appear in the world as a highly civilized nation. " Xu Teli pointed out: "To accomplish the task of this great era, we must first sort out and inherit our own cultural heritage step by step, and carry forward the great spirit of our ancestors to create culture ... even the intellectual heritage left by our ancestors must be thoroughly liquidated and absorbed." People who have been engaged in the teaching and research of China's educational history for a long time are greatly encouraged by these voices, extremely excited and excited, and are determined to devote themselves to the cultural and educational construction in New China and the development of China's educational history discipline.