A: The key point of the answer is that after the socialist transformation of ownership was basically completed, China began a comprehensive and large-scale socialist construction. In order to adapt the educational system to this need, the educational instruction issued by 1958 points out: "The current educational system needs to be actively and appropriately reformed. Party committees and governments of all provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions have the right to actively carry out typical experiments of the new academic system and report them to the Central Ministry of Education. After gaining enough experience through typical experiments, we should stipulate a new academic system that is popular throughout the country. "

After 1958, many areas carried out experiments on the reform of the academic system, such as advancing the school age and starting school at the age of six; In order to shorten the life span, experiments have been carried out in primary and secondary schools for ten years; In order to improve the level, the teaching materials and teaching methods have been reformed; In order to carry out the policy of "walking on two legs", we have adopted various forms to run schools, established agricultural middle schools and work-study schools, further developed amateur schools, and three main types of schools have emerged throughout the country.

However, due to the "Left" influence, rash advance and blind development, it is not only impossible to carry out the experiment of educational system reform under the normal teaching order, but also difficult to maintain a large number of newly-built schools at all levels due to the lack of teachers and equipment. Under the timely understanding of the Central Committee, 196 1 implemented the policy of "adjustment, consolidation, enrichment and improvement", especially formulated the Regulations on the Work of Universities, Middle Schools and Primary Schools. While affirming some positive achievements, we corrected all kinds of "Left" performances at that time.