Venus is one of the eight planets in the solar system. It is the second planet in the sequence from near to far from the sun, with a distance of 0.725 astronomical unit. It is the closest planet to the earth (Mars is sometimes closer). The ancient Romans called it Venus, China called it Chang Geng, Qi Ming, Taibai or Taibai Venus, and Aphrodite in ancient Greek mythology. Period of revolution is 224.7438+0 Earth Day.

The brightness in the night sky is second only to the moon, and Venus will reach its maximum brightness before sunrise or after sunset. It appears in the eastern sky in the morning and is called "Qi Ming". Dusk is in the west of the sky, which is called Chang Geng.

Extended data:

About 90% of Venus' surface is formed by basalt lava solidified not long ago, but there are also a few craters. Venus may be similar to the earth inside: the core with a radius of about 3000 kilometers and the mantle composed of lava make up most of Venus. The latest data from Magellan shows that the crust of Venus is thicker and stronger than previously thought.

Venus does not have a movable plate structure like the earth, but there are a lot of regular volcanic eruptions on the surface of Venus. The oldest feature on Venus is only 800 million years old, and most areas are very young (but it is also hundreds of millions of years old). At that time, extensive mountain fires scrubbed the early surface, including several large craters formed in the early days of Venus, and Venus's volcanoes were still active in isolated geological hotspots.

Compared with other planets in the solar system, the magnetic field of Venus itself is very weak. This may be because Venus does not rotate fast enough, and the liquid iron in its core is weak because of cutting the magnetic induction line. In this way, the solar wind can hit the upper atmosphere of Venus without any buffer. At the earliest time, people thought that Venus and the water on the earth were equal in quantity. However, the attack of the solar wind has decomposed the water vapor in the upper atmosphere of Venus into hydrogen and oxygen.

Hydrogen atoms escape into space because of their low mass. The proportion of deuterium (an isotope of hydrogen, heavier and slower to escape) on Venus seems to support this theory. And oxygen combines with substances in the earth's crust, so there is no oxygen in the atmosphere. The surface of Venus is very dry, so the rocks on Venus are harder than those on the earth, thus forming steeper mountains, cliffs and other landforms.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Venus