Author: Shen Biao

Note: The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty after the Five Dynasties is the earliest existing historical book that systematically records the history of the Tang Dynasty. This book was originally named Tang Shu, but later it was renamed Old Tang Shu to distinguish it from the New Tang Shu compiled by Ouyang Xiu and Song Qi in the Northern Song Dynasty. The book is divided into three parts: biography, chronology and biography, with a total of 200 volumes.

Introduction: The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty, officially revised in the Five Dynasties and the Jin Dynasty, is the earliest existing historical book that systematically records the history of the Tang Dynasty. This book was originally named Tang Shu, but later it was renamed Old Tang Shu to distinguish it from the New Tang Shu compiled by Ouyang Xiu and Song Qi in the Northern Song Dynasty. The book is divided into three parts: biography, chronology and biography, with a total of 200 volumes.

Three Records of Historical Records

Author: (Han) Sima Qian (Tang) Sima Zhen et al.

Note: The prestige of Historical Records is increasing day by day, and various schools of books are constantly appearing to annotate and evaluate Historical Records. Among them, Historical Records (Pei Zhi Zhu in Liu Song Dynasty), Historical Records Research (Sima Zhen Zhu in Tang Dynasty) and Historical Records Justice (Zhang Shoujie Zhu in Tang Dynasty) have great influence.

Introduction: Historical Records is referred to as Taishi Gong Shu, Taishi Gong Gong Ji and Taishi Gong Gong Ji.

Historical Records Author: Sima Qian

Note: The chronicle of this book spans more than 3,000 years from the legendary Yellow Emperor to the end of the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. There are 130 books, including 12 biographies, 10 forms, 8 books, 30 families, 70 biographies and 526,500 words.

Introduction: Historical Records is the first biographical general history in the history of China, written by Sima Qian in the Western Han Dynasty. It was originally called Taishi Gongshu, or Taishi Gongji and Gong Ji.

Korean author: Ban Gu

Note: The chronicle of Hanshu began in the first year of Emperor Liu Bang and ended in the fourth year of Emperor Huang. Compared with historical records, the style of Hanshu has changed.

Introduction: The book Hanshu includes biographies 12, 8 tables, records 10 and 70 biographies, with a total of 100, which was divided into 120 volumes by later generations.

Author: Ye Fan.

Note: There are many differences in chronology and biographies between The History of the Later Han Dynasty and The History of the Han Dynasty. The last chapter of chronology is Chronology of Empress, which is equivalent to Hanshu. Legend of consorts

Introduction: The Book of the Later Han Dynasty is a biographical work about the dynastic history of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 25-AD 220), with a total volume of 120, which is divided into 10, 80 and 30 volumes. Among them, Ji and Zhuan were written by the Southern Song Dynasty, while Zhi was written by Sima Biao of the Jin Dynasty, commonly known as Continued Han Shu.

Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Chen Shou

Note: Sixty-five volumes of the History of the Three Kingdoms, written in gold, are noted by Song Peisong. The story of longevity was handed down from the books of Jin and Song.

Introduction: Sixty-five volumes of the History of the Three Kingdoms, written in gold, with notes by Song Pei Songzhi. The story of longevity was handed down from the books of Jin and Song. Wei Zhi has 30 volumes, Shu Zhi 15 volumes and Wu Zhi has 20 volumes. His book was based on Wei's orthodoxy, and he didn't agree until he learned to chisel teeth for the Han, Jin, Spring and Autumn Period.

Book of Jin Author: Fang

Note: The narrative of The Book of Jin started from Sima Yi until Emperor Wu replaced the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which recorded the rise and fall of the feudal dynasties in the Western Jin Dynasty and the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

The Book of Jin has a total of 130 volumes, including Shiji 10 volume, Shiji 20 volume, Biography 70 volume and Record 30 volume. The authors are He et al.

Song Book Author: Shen Yue

Note: The History of Song Dynasty has a total volume of 100, including Biography 10, Chronology of 30 and Biography of 80.

Introduction: Song Dynasty was a feudal dynasty established in the south after the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Nanqi book author: Xiao Zixian

Note: The Book of the Southern Qi Dynasty is a book that records the history of the feudal regime in the Southern Qi Dynasty. The author is Xiao Zixian, the royal family of the Qi Dynasty. There are 60 volumes in the book, and there are 59 existing volumes.

Introduction: The 60-volume Nanqi Book was discovered in the biographies of Liang Shu and Xiao Zixian. By the time the old Tang recorded this book, there were only 59 volumes. The preface to Liu Zhiji Shi Tong once said that the book of Nanqi was recorded in an orderly way, and later generations concluded that the book of Nanqi was lost.

Liang Shu Author: Yao Silian

Note: 56 volumes and 36 volumes respectively record the history of Liang and Chen feudal regimes.

Introduction: The early historical works of Liang and Chen Dynasties have been lost, so Liang Shu and Chen Shu have become relatively primitive records. In addition to political and military issues, these two books also preserve some materials on the history of philosophy, literature, religion, ethnic relations and foreign relations.

Chen Shu Author: Yao Silian

Note: The Book of Chen is a biographical historical book about Chen in the Southern Dynasties (557-589 AD). It was written by Yao Silian in the Tang Dynasty (AD 6 18-907), including six biographies, 30 volumes, a total of 36 volumes, which is the least volume in the twenty-four histories.

Introduction: Yao Silian edited and revised the history books of predecessors, and added his father's old manuscript as a reference, and finally completed the compilation of Chen Shu.

Shu Wei Author: Wei Shou

Note: Shu Wei 130 (non-molecular rule 1 14), including biography 12, biography 98 and chronicle 20. The content records the rise and fall history of the Northern Wei Dynasty from the end of the 4th century to the middle of the 6th century.

Brief introduction: Wei Shou (505-572) was born in Julu (now Pingxiang, Hebei). He is a famous scholar in the Northern Qi Dynasty, as well as Wen Zisheng and Xing Zicai. As early as the end of the Northern Wei Dynasty, he participated in the compilation of National History and notes of great works.

Beiqi book author: Li Baiyao

Note: The 50-volume Northern Qi written by Li Baiyao in Tang Dynasty records the history of the split of the Northern Wei Dynasty around 534 AD, the establishment of the Eastern Wei regime, the demise of the State of Qi in 550 and the demise of the State of Qi in 577.

Introduction: As early as the mid-Tang Dynasty, books in the Northern Qi Dynasty were gradually incomplete, and people kept filling in the gaps. By the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, only 17 was Li's original text, and the rest were biographies and addenda related to biographies in Notes on the History of Later Dynasties and Tang Shi. This book was printed for the first time, and this supplement has been handed down.

Zhou Shu by Ling Hudefen, Cen Wenben and Cui.

Precautions:

Introduction:

Sui Shu Authors: Ling Hudefen, Sun Chang Wuji, Wei Zhi.

Note: There are eighty-five volumes of Sui Shu, including five volumes of Empress Dowager, fifty volumes of Biography and thirty volumes of Chronicle.

Introduction: In 62 1 year (the fourth year of Tang Wude), Ling Hudefen suggested revising the history of Liang Dynasty, Chen Dynasty, Northern Qi Dynasty, Northern Zhou Dynasty and Sui Dynasty. Part of Biography was written by Wei Zhi, and part of Record was written by Sun Chang Wuji, which was later written into a book.

"History of the South" by li yanshou

Note: The 80-volume History of South China records the history of four feudal regimes: Southern Song Dynasty, Southern Qi Dynasty, Liang Dynasty and Chen Dynasty 170 years.

Introduction: Compared with the eight books of Song Dynasty, Southern Qi Dynasty, Liang Dynasty, Chen Dynasty, Wei Dynasty, Northern Qi Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty and Sui Dynasty, the history of North and South is different in length from a historical perspective. Many detailed historical materials are preserved in eight books. After being abridged, The History of North and South is only half of the original book, so it is inevitable to omit it. Most of the books and decrees in this chronicle are deleted, and most of them are memorials and articles in biographies. After abridgement, the narrative part is relatively prominent and more eye-catching to read.

The History of the North by li yanshou

Note: Eighty volumes of History of the South and one hundred volumes of History of the North were written by Li Tang Yanshou. Southern History records the history of four feudal regimes, namely Southern Song Dynasty, Southern Qi Dynasty, Liang Dynasty and Chen Dynasty, for 170 years. The History of the North records the 233-year history of four feudal regimes: the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Northern Qi Dynasty (including the Eastern Wei Dynasty), the Zhou Dynasty (including the Western Wei Dynasty) and the Sui Dynasty. These two books are collectively called History of North and South.

Introduction: li yanshou, a native of Xiangzhou in the early Tang Dynasty, was officially named Fuxilang. In the era of Emperor Taizong, he participated in the compilation of Biography of Sui Shu, Ten Records and Biography of Jin Shu, and also participated in the compilation of National History in the Tang Dynasty, and wrote the Political Code of Emperor Taizong. Li yanshou's father, Li Shifu, began to write History of the South and the North. At the end of Sui Dynasty, Li Shishi served as the assistant minister of Shangshu Ritual Department in the Xia regime established by Dou Jiande, the leader of the peasant uprising army.

Authors: Ouyang Xiu, Song Qi.

Note: The Book of the New Tang Dynasty includes biography 10, local chronicles 50, forms 15 and biography 150, with a total of 225 volumes. Book, signed by Ouyang Xiu and Song Qi.

Introduction: The compilation of the Book of the New Tang Dynasty began in the fourth year of Li Qing in the Northern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1044) and was completed in the fifth year of Jiayou (A.D. 1060), which lasted about seventeen years. Ouyang Xiu, Song Qi, Fan Zhen, Lu and others participated in the compilation.

Xue Zhu's History of the Old Five Dynasties

Note: The old History of the Five Dynasties was originally called History of the Five Dynasties, or Trees of the Liang, Tang, Jin, Han and Zhou Dynasties, with a total volume of 150, and was compiled from April in the sixth year of Kaibao (AD 973) to October in the seventh year.

Brief introduction: As far as the value of historical materials is concerned, most of the compilers of History of the Old Five Dynasties have experienced the historical scenes of the Five Dynasties personally and are knowledgeable, so they have preserved relatively rich original materials. On the contrary, Ouyang Xiu's History of the New Five Dynasties deleted many important historical materials that should be preserved. So the two can still complement each other.

Ouyang Xiu's History of the New Five Dynasties

Note: This book consists of 12 volumes of Biography, 45 volumes of Biography, 3 volumes of Textual Research, 11 volumes of Genealogy and 3 volumes of Siyi Appendix, with a total of 74 volumes. It records the 53-year history from the first year of Kaiping, Hou Liang (AD 907) to the seventh year of Xiande in the later Zhou Dynasty (AD 960).

Introduction: History of the New Five Dynasties, written by Ouyang Xiu in the Song Dynasty, was originally named History of the Five Dynasties. Later generations are the history of the Five Dynasties, which is different from officials such as Xue and others.

Authors of Song History: Tuotuo, Arutu, etc.

Note: There are 496 volumes of The History of Song Dynasty, including 47 biographies, 32 tables and 255 biographies. This is the largest official history book in the twenty-four histories.

Introduction: The History of Song Dynasty was compiled at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, presided over by the Prime Minister and Arutu successively, with timur Tazhi, He, Zhang Qiyan and Ouyang Xuan as the chief officials.

Liao history author: Tuotuo, etc

Note: Liao History records the history of Liao regime for more than 200 years (907- 125). It also describes the history of the Western Liao Dynasty established by the Qidan people before the Liao Dynasty and the Yelv poems at the end of the Liao Dynasty.

Brief introduction: When compiling Liao History in Yuan Dynasty, historical materials were not carefully collected and verified, and there was not enough cross-checking between records, records, tables and biographies, so there were many mistakes, omissions and contradictions in historical materials. Even treat one thing as two things and one person as two or three people. This chaotic phenomenon is very prominent in the twenty-fourth history. However, due to the fact that Ye Luyan's Record and Chen Daren's History of Liao have been lost, the History of Liao in Yuan Dynasty has become the only existing official history book that systematically and completely records the Liao country.

The authors of Jin History are: et al.

Note: The History of Jin Dynasty has a total volume of 135, including chronicle 19, chronicle 39, table 4 and biography 73. It is a historical book built by the Jurchen nationality to record the rise and fall of the Jin Dynasty.

Brief introduction: The History of Jin Dynasty systematically records the development history of the Jurchen nationality, especially the early situation of the Jurchen nationality and its related nationalities, which is rare in other historical books. The detailed records in the book provide a lot of useful information for us to study various systems, administrative regions and natural phenomena in the Jin Dynasty.

History of the Yuan Dynasty by Song Lian, etc.

Note: Except Yuan Shundi, a total of 159 biographies, records, tables and biographies have been compiled. Biography, records, tables and biographies are updated in 53 volumes. A total of 2 10 volumes, all compiled, lasted only 33 1 day.

Introduction: The History of Yuan Dynasty, with a volume of 2 10, is a feudal history book that systematically records the rise and fall of the Yuan Dynasty in the history of China.

"History of Ming Dynasty" by Zhang, et al.

Note: Ming History is the longest official history book in China. There are 332 volumes, including 24 biographies, 75 chronicles, 13 volumes, 220 biographies and 4 catalogues.

Introduction: This book is based on Ming History, Ming Hui Dian, Archives, Di Bao and other related works and materials, such as anthology, recitation, history books, local chronicles and biographies. Thanks to the collation and textual research by the famous historian Wan Sitong, the book is rigorous in style, clear in narrative, clear in hierarchy, concise and concise, and has high historical value.

Authors: Zhao Erxun, Ke Shaowen, etc.

Note: According to the style of feudal "official history" in past dynasties, it is also divided into four parts: discipline, ambition, expression and biography, with a total of 536 volumes.

Brief introduction: The Draft of Qing History was written by the Qing History Museum established in the early years of the Republic of China.