As early as the beginning of Jian 'an, Cao Cao was promoted and reused by Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty for his meritorious service in welcoming Heaven, and was also named Hou Wuping. Kong Rong thought that according to the old system, vassal fiefs should not be within a thousand miles of Beijing, so he led a group of court ministers to clarify the truth. Wupinghou's fief is now in Luyi County, Henan Province, about 300 miles from Xudu. At that time, warlord regimes were everywhere, and the confrontation between Cao Cao and Yuan Shao was unpredictable. Fiona Fang, centered on many capitals, is not within Cao Cao's sphere of influence. Kong Rong's suggestion is obviously unreasonable and ignorant. It is normal not to be adopted, which will inevitably cause Cao Cao's inner unhappiness.
In the second year of Jian 'an (A.D. 197), Qiu, one of the three public officials at that time, was mentioned above, which was equivalent to the current chairman of the Military Commission. However, he had no soldiers in his hand and belonged to one heart, but he was also an unruly veteran under the new powerful minister Cao Cao, and had many disagreements with Cao Cao. Yuan Shu, who occupied Huainan at that time, proclaimed himself openly, arousing public anger. Cao Cao tried to kill Yang Biao Levi on the pretext that Yang Biao was Yuan Shu's brother-in-law. Kong Rong didn't even have time to put on his official clothes when he heard the news. In order to save him, he consulted Cao Cao and said, "Yang Jia, the fourth generation, has a good reputation in the world. The ancients said that the crimes of father and son are incompatible, and it makes no sense to link the crimes of Yang Biao and Yuan Shu together! Is it a lie to say that you have accumulated virtue and done good deeds and left good news for your children and grandchildren? " Cao Cao faltered: "This matter was decided by the emperor, and I can't help it." Kong Rong asked sternly, "As you mean, if young Zhou Chengwang wants to kill Zhao Gong, doesn't Duke Regent know? Nowadays, people of insight from all over the world have come to many places to take refuge in you, believing that you are fair and just. If you kill innocent people like this, people will be distracted and everyone will abandon you. If you don't take it back, I, Kong Rong, am from the State of Lu. I will take off my robes and resign tomorrow, and I will be finished if I don't accompany you! " Cao Cao had no choice but to let Yang Biao go.
In the fourth year of Jian 'an (AD 199), Cao Cao rallied troops in Zhang Xiu, destroyed Lu Bu and took control of Yuzhou, Xuzhou and Yanzhou. Liu Bei also attached himself to Cao Cao. The decisive battle between Cao Cao and Yuan Shao, who controls Jizhou, Youzhou, Bingzhou and Qingzhou, is inevitable. Kong Rong thinks that Yuan Shao's army is mighty, his advisers are resourceful, and his generals are brave and good at fighting, which can win the three armies. Cao Cao parted the crowd, adopted Yu Xun's strategic policy, and resolutely sent troops to crusade against Yuan Shao. In the fifth year of Jian 'an (AD 200), Cao Cao finally won a great victory in the battle of Guandu and won a major strategic turning point in unifying the North.
A few years later, Jizhou, the stronghold of Yuan Shao, was captured, and Cao Cao's son Xelloss took the opportunity to capture Yuan Shao's daughter-in-law Zhen Shi. In the midst of congratulations to Cao Cao, Kong Rong wrote a letter to Cao Cao, saying that "King Wu cut Zhou, and da ji made him Duke of Zhou". Cao Cao is also a man who has read many poems, but he can't find out what allusions are from. I don't understand why the team went back to Korea and asked Kong Rong for advice. Kong Rong said wryly, "Connect with what is happening and use your imagination for granted." According to historical records, Zhou Wuwang crusaded against the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, which were defeated and set themselves on fire, and Zhou Jun killed da ji, the fox who brought disaster to the country and people. Historical allusions do not say that King Wu presented da ji to the meritorious Duke of Zhou Ji Dan. Kong Rong made up an empty historical story to mock the bad habit of Cao Cao's father and son taking wives. Cao Cao finally realized that this was too hurtful, didn't he? It's a personal attack. Don't swear! Feel ashamed and resentful, bear a grudge.
After several years of fighting, Cao Cao recovered Qingzhou, Jizhou, Bingzhou and some Youzhou, Yuan Shao's remnants fled to Wu Heng tribe in western Liaoning, and Liu Bei fled to Jingzhou to take refuge in Liu Biao. Northern China was basically controlled by Cao Cao's autocratic Eastern Han court.
In the 12th year of Jian 'an (AD 207), Cao Cao went north to Youzhou to pacify the remnants of Wu Heng and Yuan Shao. Most officials and generals expressed their opposition and worried about the expedition to the north. Liu Biao will support Liu Bei's attack on Xudu. Kong Rong teased in public: "The general went to war, but he was depressed overseas. In the past, Su Shen did not pay tribute to arrows, and Ding Ling stole Su Wu cattle and sheep. This case can be merged. " What do you mean? Sushen is a minority tribe in the northeast of China. It is said to be the ancestor of Nuzhen and Manchu. Once surrendered to the Western Zhou Dynasty and paid tribute to the Central Committee was an arrow crossbow made of a local solid shrub, named "Stone"; Ding Ling is a primitive nomadic tribe in the north, later called "Chileans" and "Gaoche people", and is said to be the ancestor of modern Uighurs. Jiya is a trivial matter, and not paying tribute is a major event that despises imperial power; Su Wu was sent to Xiongnu on behalf of the Western Han Dynasty, and was punished by Xiongnu Khan for herding sheep in the desert. Ding Lingshun stole a few cattle and sheep, but stealing the sheep of Su Wu, an imperial envoy, was disrespectful to the sovereign state, but it was no small matter! Depression translates here as carefree. The literal translation of the vernacular is: "Premier Cao personally went north to the Great Wall for an expedition, and he is at large overseas. Please put an end to the two major cases left over from Su Shen's failure to pay tribute and Ding Ling's theft of Su Wuyang! " Insulting Cao Cao's Northern Expedition is a big fight, wasting people's money and making a mountain out of a molehill. It is worth consulting from Confucius University. The level of satire is unique and superior.
With the support of Guo Jia, the chief of staff and strategist, Cao Cao led Tiger and Leopard fighters to travel thousands of miles lightly, and wiped out the remnants of Yuan in three counties in western Liaoning, recovered Youzhou and completely pacified the north. A generation of fierce, fierce. On the way to class, at the seaside of Liaoxi County, Youzhou, Ma Yue whipped and Jieshi was in the east, leaving a magnificent poem "Looking at the Sea" with great momentum and eternal fame. Express your ambition to turn around Gankun and make contributions by spitting out the heroic spirit of swallowing the stars.
In the year when the army was built by natural disasters, in order to save precious food, Cao Cao ordered the prohibition of alcohol. This is a reasonable and understandable good thing. However, Cao Cao's reason is: "drinking is immoral, so alcohol should be banned;" Drinking is wrong, so alcohol must be banned. "Kong Rong, a heavy drinker, jumped out and resolutely opposed it:" Ancient sages loved drinking! Emperor Yao won't get drunk for a thousand minutes and build a peaceful world; Confucius can't fail to become a saint; Liu bang was drunk and beheaded a white snake; Fan Kuai solved the Hong Men problem by drowning his sorrows in wine. You said that Xia Jie and Shang Zhou lost their lives because of good wine, but Xia Jie and Shang Zhou are still lewd! Do you still want to ban people from getting married? In fact, what you really mean is not to be stingy with food? " Cao Cao was speechless. In fact, Cao Cao's reasons for banning alcohol don't need to be mentioned above, because brewing consumes food, so we should practice strict economy. I don't think Kong Rong has that many excuses.
In the thirteenth year of Jian 'an, that is, in 208, Cao Cao carried out a major political system reform, abolished the setting of the three fairs, became prime minister himself, recorded history, and monopolized military and political power. Lu Chi was promoted to the newly established post of Imperial censor, with a rank of 2,000 stone. He enjoyed national treatment, was in charge of Imperial censor, was the supreme supervisor, was responsible for the imperial edict of the emperor, and the ministers uploaded and issued the memorial to supervise the impeachment of civil and military officials. What's the point? The top management of the country is like a political bureau. The former emperors, Shanggong, Sangong and Jiuqing were all members of the Politburo. Tang Shuling, Yu and a captain are all equivalent to alternate members of the Politburo. The Emperor, Shanggong and Sangong are members of the Politburo Standing Committee. After the restructuring, the Standing Committee of the Politburo only consisted of emperors, prime ministers and ancient scholars.
As one of the Nine big noble, Shaofu Kong Rong saw that the situation of Cao Cao's autocratic power was becoming more and more obvious and unbearable. He made fierce public remarks many times and spared no effort to fight with Prime Minister Cao. Cao Cao is tolerant in appearance and resentful in heart, as if he were worried about his country and people. However, considering Kong Rong's position as an intellectual leader, his fame is too great and his influence is too wide, he rashly laid hands on him and got scared. Lv Chi, a new doctor who had a holiday with Kong Rong, understood the prime minister's intention, made a slight mistake, published a personal vendetta, and demoted Kong Rong to doctor Tai Zhong, equivalent to a deputy ministerial cadre.
Kong Rong was expelled from the Politburo and basically lost the qualification to attend the regular meeting of the imperial court. Cao Cao sent a letter to Kong Rong, pretending to make peace, but actually warning; Kong Rong primly replied, tit for tat, neither humble nor humble. At leisure, it seems that Kong Rong's mood has not been greatly affected. Every day, the wedding is crowded with guests. "The guests are always full, and the wine in the bottle is not empty." He not only ignored the ban, but also made a loud noise and attacked state affairs.
Kong Rong challenged Cao Cao's bottom line again and again, and Cao Cao finally lost patience. Cao Cao decided to raise a butcher's knife and fight a banner in order to prevent the upcoming 830,000-strong army from attacking Jingzhou Liu Biao and Liu Bei and Jiangdong Sun Quan (later the famous Battle of Red Cliffs) from being disturbed and to eliminate the potential hidden dangers that may exist from the inside out. Don't forget, Liu Bei is Kong Rong's savior, and Cao Cao, who is suspicious by nature, has every reason to suspect that the enemy's friends may be the enemy.
Just as there has never been a shortage of cattle in the history of China, there has never been a shortage of adulterers and accomplices in past dynasties. Why don't you always say what you want to do? Lv Cui, the senior staff officer of the Prime Minister's Office, reported Kong Rong's crimes for nothing, and Lv Chi, the leader of the "Yushitai" of the Supervision Department, verified that it was true, suggesting that Kong Rong, who had committed the most heinous crime, should be beheaded with his classmates. Look at how impeccable this professional process is: Lu Cui is a subordinate of the Prime Minister's Office and naturally a confidant of Prime Minister Cao. It goes without saying who Lu Cui's complaint represents; Lv Chi, who hates Kong Rong, is in charge of investigation and evidence collection. Can he not make this case an ironclad case?
Let's look at Kong Rong's charges: First, Kong Rong formed a small group in private and plotted evil; Meeting with Special Envoy Sun Quan and slandering the imperial court; It's crazy to say, "if there is a world, why use a golden knife?" . "Golden Maodao" is a traditional "Liu", which is a metaphor for the great man Liu. Kong Rong's original intention was to insinuate that Cao Cao's tail was too big to fail, and he coveted the country of the Han Dynasty. Now it's evidence of Kong Rong's rebellion. Number two, untidy clothes are detrimental to court etiquette. Accusation 3: I had a good time drinking big wine with my friend Mi Heng, boasting about each other as disgusting and disrespectful to saints; He also questioned the distortion of the ethical relationship between parents and children, which is a great violation. Cao Cao doesn't care whether Kong Rong's charges are true or not. For the sake of political interests, he needs Kong Rong to disappear immediately. So Kong Rong didn't even have a chance to plead and appeal, and was immediately beheaded in the street.
Kong Rong originally had a pair of eight-year-old children who left alive. When the officers kidnapped their father, they were unmoved and played games calmly. Passers-by don't understand the problem. The child said an eternal famous saying, "If the nest is destroyed, won't the egg be broken?" Cao Cao was reported by the masses in Xudu, unlike normal children. We can't leave future trouble, we have to get rid of the grass. They also sent someone to tie the child to the execution ground, and the child was punished for craning his neck and not changing his face. People all sigh and sigh.
Kong Rong has a good friend named Fat Xi. He often advises Kong Rong not to be too outspoken for fear of getting into trouble. Naturally, Kong Rong didn't care much. He is still too conceited. Don't you forget the teaching of our ancestor Confucius that "a gentleman can't take it for granted unless he stands under a dangerous wall"? Kong Rong's family suddenly died in the street, and people who made friends with Kong Rong in one's hand and in another's hand were afraid to accept the body. Only chubby Xi touched Kong Rong's body and cried sadly, "Wen Ju! What's the point of me living if you leave me like this? " Cao Cao flew into a rage after hearing the news. He arrested Fat Xi and put him in prison for execution. Yu Xun, Cao Cao's top adviser and minister, can't stand it any longer. He pleaded for Cao Cao: "It's a righteous cause to die for a friend! Such an upright person can't be killed! " Cao Cao suddenly woke up: "Yes! I am a loyal person. If I rashly killed such a just man, wouldn't I be trapped in an unjust place and laughed at by the whole world? " So, let go of the fat habit and let your body bury it. Since then, Cao Cao has been more courteous to Lippi Xi. Twelve years later, Cao Pi, the Emperor of Cao Wei in the Eastern Han Dynasty who ascended the throne in the Zen Dynasty, specially praised Xi Zhi's kindness for this matter.
When the dust settles, Kong Rong meets Cao Cao, who is better? The answer seems obvious. At all times, people have different views on the two, and they are unable to agree.
Cao Pi's comment is a bit interesting: "Kong Rong's spirit is great and outstanding, but he can't stick to his theory, so he can't argue." The meaning can probably be understood as follows: Kong Rong's articles are elegant, extraordinary, melodious and few in number; But Kong Rong is not good at reasoning, and logical reasoning is not as good as rhetoric.
Writing is like a person! Just as he is good at prose but not at argumentative writing, he naturally doesn't understand politics or long-sleeved dancing in the field of power. People who don't understand politics play politics again, and tragedy is inevitable.
With his flesh and blood, Kong Rong resolutely defended the precarious position of Confucianism in the moral field at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. He warned the world with the sense of responsibility, the tragic courage, and the tenacity of knowing that you can't do it. The Confucian spirit will not die! This also reflects the powerful spiritual strength of Confucianism and Confucian culture, which has been passed down from generation to generation and continues to this day.
After Cao Cao, the Cao Wei dynasty, which lasted only five generations and lasted for 46 years, is gone forever. However, Kong Rong's persistent Confucian traditional culture, which has lasted for more than two thousand years, has strong vitality and will continue. In this sense, Kong Rong may not have lost to Cao Cao in the end, at least mentally.
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