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What is the story of Yan 'an?
Jinling Evening News reported that "it is finally going to open. I want to meet the comrades in Yan 'an! "101month 13, an 80-year-old man said this eagerly when he saw a reporter in the large exhibition hall of Yan' an spirit forever shines. "I am a student of the fifth phase of Kangda University. I am in the second detachment of the third brigade, and the detachment leader is Nie Fengzhi. "

The old man's words suddenly attracted the surrounding audience and Yan' an staff. Everyone gathered around him and listened to his story about Yan 'an. The old man's name is He Lide. Although he is 88 years old this year, he is still healthy and takes pictures with his camera on his back.

"I am from Hejiahai Village, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province. 1February, 938, Northwest Shandong specially appointed six of our comrades to study at Kangda University in Yan 'an. When we arrived in Yan' an, there were more than 500 students from Shandong to Yan' an. " The old man found a photo of China Anti-Japanese Military and Political University in the exhibition hall and said, "At the welcoming ceremony, Xian Xinghai and Ding Ling directed us to sing Song of Anti-Japanese University and Song of Guerrillas. After the school started, Japanese planes bombed Yan 'an, and we went down to Qingyang to repair houses and dig trenches under the leadership of the headmaster He Changgong. We research and produce. When the Kuomintang economy was blocked, we fought and produced. "

When the old man came to the exhibition board of Hundred Regiments War, a series of battles came into his eyes: "1940, we went to the front line of anti-Japanese war and participated in the Hundred Regiments War in Pingxingguan, Shanxi. I remember 103 regiment took part in the battle. We are advancing every day and fighting every day. The Japanese set up a stronghold 20 miles away. We found the enemy in a village. We are the 358th Regiment of He Long120th Division. When we arrived there, the 1st 1 Battalion and 2nd Battalion of the regiment marched in an emergency and occupied a highland covered with heavy machine guns. When the third battalion arrived, the enemy had been driven away. In this battle, we sacrificed a monitor. Later, we marched in a hurry and killed a Japanese "devil" In this way, lay a place, another place. Broke the myth that the Japanese devils are invincible! "

According to He Lao, after Japan surrendered, he worked in Datong, Shanxi, and later in Northeast China. During the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, He Lao was in the Northeast Air Force Hospital, receiving the wounded and sick who came back from the Korean battlefield. Later, he served as the Minister of Armed Forces at Southeast University in Nanjing until his retirement. Correspondent Wei Song

The Story of Chairman Mao in Yan 'an

Sun fazhen

I joined the China Production Party in the early days of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and later joined the army. During the Yan 'an period, I worked beside Chairman Mao. I not only saw Chairman Mao's busy schedule, but also saw the hard work of the party and the country in the war of resistance, and also saw the hard work of Chairman Mao and everyone.

Not a grain of rice or a bite of rice is wasted. 1943, the organization sent me to take care of Chairman Mao's life. The main job is to clean up the chairman's office and cook him three meals a day. The chairman's meal is simple: a small box of rice, two dishes and one soup. He was very happy when the food was finished. When the food is left, he always tells us, "Save it for me and eat it while it is hot next time." The rice is packed in a wooden box. I have seen the chairman pick up the rice that fell on the table many times. The chairman paid attention to saving food, but the sanitary conditions were very poor at that time. What if something goes wrong? Another guard and I wondered how to ensure the food safety of the chairman. After careful consideration, I found the simplest method: boil a pot of boiling water before meals, iron the lunch box and disinfect it.

A cotton-padded coat can last three winters. 1943 In the spring, Chairman Mao was still wearing patched cotton-padded trousers. At this time, Deng Baoshan, commander of the Kuomintang in Yulin, passed by Yan 'an to meet Chairman Mao. The chairman wants to meet the guests. How can he wear rags? The office gently told the guests that the chairman was too busy, please wait a moment. The department concerned rushed out a summer suit for the chairman. When Chairman Mao took off his old cotton-padded jacket, he said to me, "This cotton-padded jacket has been removed and washed, and it can be mended. I can wear it for another winter next year. "

At that time, we issued a cotton-padded coat every two years, and Chairman Mao sewed it for three years. The most striking sign of this cotton-padded jacket is that there is a large patch on each side of the knees of cotton trousers.

Ring the bell and eat in groups. Serious drought occurred in northern Shaanxi during 1945. One morning, Chairman Mao asked me to inform Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, Ren and other central leaders to attend the meeting, which broke up in less than half an hour. At lunch, the chairman said to me, "Starting from tomorrow, several of us will cancel our personal stoves. Let me know when you hear the bell. Let's go to the canteen for dinner. If it doesn't rain, we have to save food. You also want to eat a dry meal and two porridge. Do you have any opinions? " Leaders have cancelled personal stoves and taken the lead in saving food. What can we say? We simply replied, "No opinion."

Chairman Mao's big green horse. 1943, the relevant departments got Chairman Mao a big green horse from the cavalry regiment, which was fed by an old Red Army named Hou Dengke. Chairman Mao seldom rides horses at ordinary times, but after he moved to northern Shaanxi, he became the main means of transportation, and Chairman Mao rode all the time. According to Chairman Mao's guards, on the eve of Shajiadian Battle, Chairman Mao returned to his post from "former general manager", and Daqingma's horseshoe was worn off and limped. The chairman didn't want to ride, so he followed the horse back to the station. On the eve of the victory of China Revolution, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China moved from Pingshan to Beijing. Before getting on the bus, Chairman Mao made a special trip to visit Hou Dengke and said to Lao Hou, "We have to go first, and we have wronged you. This horse is yours. You can ride it to Beijing. " Later, Daqingma died of old age in Beijing Zoo. The halter and saddle of Daqingma are exhibited in Yan 'an Museum, and people can see that Chairman Mao has never changed them.

Working day and night. Chairman Mao was always very busy in Yan 'an: directing the war of resistance ahead, leading the Yan 'an rectification movement and mass production movement, and organizing the crushing of the third anti-Kuomintang wave. During this period, the chairman didn't care about going to work, eating and having a haircut. Work at night, sleep at dawn, get up at noon, have lunch at five or six in the afternoon, then work, and maybe dinner. Our staff usually remind him that it's time to eat at 0/2 p.m./kloc, and the chairman always says, "Oh, haven't you eaten yet?" Hurry up and get something to eat! " We asked for dinner to be set for him, but he forgot to eat it again, saying, wait a minute, and continue to think about the problem or write something. We dare not disturb the chairman's thinking. After a long time, food can only be reheated when it is cold, which is often the case. The chairman's work efficiency is extremely high. He wrote editorials and some important articles for Yan 'an Liberation Daily, all of which were written overnight and published in the newspaper the next day. At dawn, as long as you hear the "click" sound of the stapler outside the door, you will know that the chairman has finished writing.