During the Westernization Movement, the Qing government purchased a large number of foreign advanced warships, and the military strength of Beiyang Navy once ranked eighth in the world, far surpassing the United States and far ahead of Japan. However, under the impetus of the invaders' expansion policy, the Japanese navy developed rapidly. On the eve of the Sino-Japanese War, the total tonnage of its warships far exceeded that of Beiyang Navy.

the Revolution of 1911

Sun Yat-sen: 1, established the Hui nationality in Zhong Xing.

2, the establishment of the alliance.

Achievements of the Revolution of 1911: 1, independence of provinces.

2. The Republic of China was founded.

3. The end of the monarchy

Major event: 1, Wuchang Uprising

Fourteen provinces are independent.

The Qing government collapsed.

Reform Movement of 1898

After China was forced to sign the treaty of shimonoseki, the imperialist powers set off a frenzy to carve up China. It was the unanimous hope of people with lofty ideals at that time to reform the feudal malpractice and save the nation. The reformists headed by Kang Youwei founded newspapers, organized societies and schools, and advocated the development of capitalism in the West, hoping to save China from peril.