Xia, Shang, Western Zhou, Eastern Zhou, Xuanhan, Eastern Han, Cao Wei, Western Jin, Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, Northern Qi, Sui, Tang, Wu Zhou, Hou Liang, Later Tang, Later Jin, Later Han, Later Zhou, Northern Song, Southern Song and Jin Dynasties.

1, Luoyang has a history of more than 5,000 years of civilization, 4,000 years of city building, 1, and 500 years of capital building. It is the earliest city with the longest capital in China. 105 emperors established their capitals here.

Luoyang is the ancient capital of the 13th Dynasty. Qianlong once gave Luoyang the title of "Ancient Capital of the Nine Dynasties", and "Nine" refers to the most, which is an imaginary number. The thirteen dynasties were Xia, Shang, Eastern Zhou, Western Han (the capital of Emperor Gaozu was Luoyang at first, see Historical Records), Eastern Han, Cao Wei, Western Jin, Northern Wei, Sui, Tang (including Wu Zhou), Hou Liang, Later Tang and Later Jin.

2. Kaifeng, formerly known as Daliang, Kaifeng, Bianjing, Tokyo and Bianliang, is the ancient capital of Hou Liang, Houjin, Houhan, Houzhou, Northern Song and Jin Dynasties in the Xia, Warring States and Wei Dynasties. Kaifeng, Tokyo in the Northern Song Dynasty was the largest city in the world at that time. Kaifeng is the only capital in the world where the central axis of the city has never changed, and the ruins of Chengdui City are rare in the world archaeological history and capital history.

3. Anyang is the center of early civilization in China, which was called Yin or Ye in ancient times. Shang Dynasty and seven dynasties, including Cao Wei, Hou Zhao, Wei Ran, Yan Qian, Eastern Wei and Northern Qi, successively established their capitals here.

Yin Ruins in Anyang, known as the "Seven Dynasties", is the first capital ruins recorded and confirmed by archaeology and Oracle Bone Inscriptions in the history of China. Oracle Bone Inscriptions unearthed in Yin Ruins is a symbol of early civilization in China, so Anyang is also called the capital of China.

Zhengzhou is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization and the hometown of Xuanyuan Huangdi, the ancestor of Chinese humanities. Zhengzhou was the capital of Xia Dynasty and Shang Dynasty, which was built five times in history. The country ruled by the Western Zhou Dynasty is in today's Zhengzhou city, and Zhengzhou Xinzheng is also the capital of Zheng and South Korea during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

Extended data:

Henan is an important birthplace of the Chinese nation and Chinese civilization. In history, more than 20 dynasties built or moved their capitals to Henan, and China has four ancient capitals, namely, Luoyang in the 13th dynasty, Kaifeng in the 8th dynasty, Anyang in the 7th dynasty and Zhengzhou in the Xia and Shang dynasties, which is the province with the largest number of ancient capitals in China. From Xia Dynasty to Song Dynasty, Henan has always been the political, economic, cultural and transportation center of China.

Henan is the core area of China history before Yuan Dynasty. More than 20 orthodox dynasties have built or moved their capitals to Henan, which is the region with the largest number of dynasties, the longest history and the largest number of ancient capitals in China. For 3000 years, Henan has been the political, economic and cultural center of the country.

Since the Xia Dynasty, the first dynasty in the history of China, made Henan its capital, the Central Plains has nurtured many ancient capitals of China, such as Luoyang, Kaifeng, Anyang, Zhengzhou, Shangqiu, Nanyang, Puyang, Xuchang, Dengfeng, Xiayi, Yanshi, Yuzhou, Yucheng, Huaiyang and Xinzheng.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Henan