Songjiang District, located in the southwest of Shanghai, has a long history and culture and is called "the root of Shanghai". Located in the upper reaches of Huangpu River, it is adjacent to Minhang District and Fengxian District in the east, Jinshan District in the south and southwest, and Qingpu District in the west and north. The area is about 24 kilometers long from north to south and 25 kilometers wide from east to west. The total area is 604.64 square kilometers.

Songjiang District is located in the coastal plain at the mouth of the Yangtze River Delta, with a total area of 2.4 square kilometers. The county is covered by Quaternary sediments, with a thickness of about 300 meters. Upper Cretaceous is located in Songjiang basin, and the southeast of the basin is controlled by Fengjing-Chuansha fault zone. It is a dustpan-shaped fault basin inherited and developed on the background of the late Jurassic Tianmashan tectonic volcanic basin. Its sediments are composed of purple silty mudstone and argillaceous siltstone, with a thin layer of gypsum between them.

The upper Pleistocene strata are mostly below 10 to 20 meters. Drilling in the east gate of the county shows that there is a deep green hard soil layer 23 meters underground, which proves that the surface sediments were formed in Holocene. The bedrock is dominated by magmatic rocks, of which the intrusive rocks are small in area and mostly volcanic rocks. The outcrop of volcanic rocks has formed more than a dozen hills in Jiu Feng. Some low hills are buried underground by overburden, such as near Miaotou Village in Tianma Township.