1, surname, the early surname is the number of races. Surnames are not the appellation of individuals or families, but the appellation of the whole clan. "People" probably refers to many clans at the earliest.
Gu Yanwu said: "Those who say that their surnames originated from the Five Emperors, who met them in the Spring and Autumn Period, get two out of twenty." These 22 surnames are: Gui, Yi, Zi, Ji, Feng, Ying, Ji, Ren, Bi, Qi, Mi, Cao, Dong, Jiang, Yan, Gui, Man, Xiong, Kui, Qi, Qi, Qi, Qi, Qi, Qi.
2. Surnames have the function of "not marrying". In the clan society, people with the same surname are not allowed to get married, which means that people within the same clan are not allowed to get married.
3. Surnames have the function of "love and affection, deep kiss and affection". "Respecting love and valuing affection, and distinguishing between love and hatred" not only refers to the issue of human relations, the closeness of thoughts and feelings, but also involves political rights and material interests. In the clan society, members of the same clan enjoy all kinds of rights within the clan equally. In slave society, "man" refers to aristocrats, and slaves have no surnames. Even in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, ordinary people still had no surnames.
There were not only surnames in ancient China, but also surnames. There are both connections and differences between surnames. The surname is a racial number, and the surname is a branch of the surname.
After the Warring States period, people often took Shi as their surname, and their surnames gradually merged into one. Surnames are commonly known in Han Dynasty, and people from Tian Zi to ordinary people can have surnames.