Huang Xie (former 314-former 238) was born in Xia, Chu River, and his ancestral home (now Huangchuan County, Henan Province). The minister of Chu in the Warring States period was a famous politician. He, Wei's, Zhao Sheng's, Zhao's, Qi's and Meng Changjun's are also called "Four Childes of the Warring States" and once served as Chu Xiang. Huang Xie is well-informed and eloquent in his study tour. In the first year of Emperor Gaolie of Chu (262 BC), Huang Xie was named Chun Shen Jun. To Huaibei 12 county.
In 238 BC, King Gao Lie of Chu died of illness, and Huang Xie went to attend the funeral. Li Yuan was ambushed in the Thorn Gate, killing Chun and his family. According to Yuejueshu, Huang Xie was killed by Chu Youwang when he was in Chu Youwang.
? "Shanghai Place Names" and other records: Shanghai's abbreviation "Shen" originated from Huang Xie, and when Huang Xie was not sealed without Di, the Huangpu River was not called Huangpu River, because the riverbed was too high due to sediment deposition, floods often occurred in flood season, and the people were miserable. When Huang Xie arrived, he managed the river, dredged the river and dammed it to benefit the local people. In memory of him, people renamed the river Jiang Shen or Huangpu River, or Jiang Shen for short. Later, "Shen" became another name for Shanghai.
Huang Xie has made outstanding achievements in dredging rivers and curbing floods, and won the hearts of the people. Locals use surnames or numbers to name many mountains, waters and place names, such as Huangpu in Xing Wu, Zhejiang, Shengang and Huangtian in Jiangyin, Jiangsu, and Junshan in Jiangyin, Jiangsu is also called Huangshan. In Shanghai, Huangpu River, Jiang Shen, Chunjiangshen, Huangpu District, Huangshen Road, Chunshen Village, etc. All in memory of the ancestor who opened the bid.
There have always been different opinions about the burial place after the death of Chun. He was buried in Li Yingzi Town, Xiejiaji District, Huainan City, Anhui Province, and now there is a "Spring Shen Jun Cemetery". One said that he was buried in Kaiyuan Temple (now Changde, Hunan) in ancient Guizhou. Chen Qiaoyi's Dictionary of China Capital records that "the imperial tomb, namely Huang Xie's tomb, is located 35km east of Jiangling and Nigang Lake". In addition, people in Suzhou, Jiangsu today worship Chun Shen Jun, and many people regard him as a city god and offer sacrifices to him regularly.
Tang Zhangji once wrote a poem "Crossing Lishan Chunshen Temple" in Wuxi Huishan Chunshen Temple: "Chunshen Temple is hollow, and the cypress is full of spring water. There is no host in Jiangnan at dusk, which makes me miss travelers. The cold scenery of the depression is close to the mountain village, and when you are lonely, you know that Chu respects each other. At that time, Zhu Lu had 3,000 guests, and Zhao was ashamed to speak. "
Time and space flow, and there are thousands of thoughts. 2300 years ago, a Chu man named Huang Xie, named Chun, stood on the coast of the East China Sea and stared at the Huangpu River, which he had just led people to dig and dredge, and smiled with satisfaction. ...
At this time, he had already lived in the state of Chu, ranking among the "Four Childes of the Warring States". According to the current concept of household registration, he is from Henan.
According to Records of the Historian, after Huang Xie was first sealed 15 years ago, he took the initiative to say that the King of Chu said, "Huaibei is bordered by Qi, and it is urgent. Please think it is convenient for the county. " Please seal it in Jiangdong, Xu Zhi and Kao Lie Wang.
Today, if we take a closer look at the map of Shanghai, we will be surprised: things have changed. In those days, Huang Xie worked hard to reclaim land, and after 2300 years, it has become the outer suburb of Shanghai. At that time, the Huangpu River estuary was alluvial by the silt wrapped in the rolling Yangtze River water, which shifted to the east for dozens of kilometers. On both sides of the Huangpu River, which he dredged, skyscrapers are row upon row, and the modern atmosphere is coming.
Shanghai, which embraces Chinese and foreign civilizations, remembers its family history. "Shanghai Place Names" and other records: When Huang Xie was blocked, the Huangpu River was still an unnamed river, and the riverbed was too high because of sediment deposition. Huang Xie led the people to dredge, dredge the river and build dams, so that the river can benefit the people. To commemorate him, people not only built a temple for him, but also renamed the river Jiang Shen, Jiang Shen for short. Later, people called Shanghai "Shen". Shanghai, Huangpu River, Jiang Shen, Chunjiangshen, Huangpu District, Chunshen Road, Chunshen Village, etc. It's all in memory of the ancestor who started Shen.
This is a common saying now, and it is also said that the name of Shencheng comes from Wu Zixu. According to ancient records, more than 200 years before Chun, one of the "Four Childes of the Warring States", Wu Zixu's name was Shen, equivalent to the first mayor of Shanghai. To be sure, the "Shen" sealed by Wu Zixu is not the place where his grandfather's father-in-law once worked in tanghe county, Nanyang City, Henan Province, but only the territory of the State of Wu.
Therefore, the "ancestor Shen" should be Wu Zixu in the late Spring and Autumn Period, and the first person to develop Shanghai should also be Governor Shen Wu Zixu. Wu Zixu is a hero in the development of the south of the Yangtze River and is remembered by the people in the south of the Yangtze River. Up to now, the Dragon Boat Festival in the south of the Yangtze River also commemorates Wu Zixu.
No matter which statement is reliable, the legend of Shen Jun's application in spring is the most extensive. The Shen Jun Temple in spring is evidence.
Instead of remodeling the statue of Chun, Shanghainese commemorated the saint in another way. In Chunshen Village, xinqiao town, Songjiang District, there is Chunshenjun Ancestral Hall, which was rebuilt in Songjiang District in 2003. A group of huge bronze reliefs vividly reproduce the scene of Huang Xie leading local residents to harness and dredge the Huangpu River. On the tablets at both ends of the relief, there are poems inscribed by Songjiang District to Huang Xie to commemorate the founding of Songjiang County 1250: Spring Shen Shui Zhi, Huangpu surging. Lu Xun sealed Hou, Huating ...
The rebuilt ancestral hall covers an area of 500 square meters and is an antique residential building. There are historical materials about spring, famous works of Songjiang monuments and historical celebrities on display indoors. The plaques in the ancestral hall were inscribed by famous scholars and calligraphers in Songjiang, namely Shi Zhecun, Cheng Shifa and Kevin·Z. The large bronze sculpture on the west side of the ancestral hall is illuminated by the wall, and the theme is "The Roots of Shanghai".
The ancestral temple is hidden in a bamboo forest, surrounded by a small river in the south, and three or five people are fishing by the river. Compared with the noise in the city center, it's quiet here. The old man in Chunshen Village said that this ancestral hall has a long history. This village is the village where Huang Xie used to live; The Chunshentang near the ancestral hall was built by Huang Xie, ChunShen Jun.
The ancient history of China is a history of fighting against water. Among various measures for survival and development, water control is something that many sages in various dynasties like to do. The prime ministers of Chu all have this glorious tradition, and Huang Xie's predecessors set an example for him, the most famous of which was Sun Shuai 'ao, a native of Pan State (now Gushi, Henan) at that time. After Huang Xie came to Jiangdong, he built a mansion for himself based in Suzhou. At the same time, in order to develop agriculture and protect Suzhou and other cities from floods, he began to build water conservancy projects, presided over the dredging of Dongjiang, Loujiang and Wusong rivers, and dredged Huang Xie Pu (Huangpu River). At that time, Huize did not have the official name of Shanghai.
Huangpu River connects Taihu Lake and Dianshan Lake, which is the most important drainage channel in Taihu Lake. The river has a certain sediment concentration. At high tide, the river carries sediment into other river ports on both sides of the river, and at low tide, the velocity slows down, resulting in sediment deposition and continuous deposition of the river bed. When Huang Xie came, the river was seriously silted up, and every flood season, there were floods on both sides of the river. From Dianshan Lake to the coast of the East China Sea, that is, the vast Yuan Ye in today's Shanghai, was once a swamp. The local people are sparsely populated and desolate everywhere. This small river was cursed by the locals as "breaking the river".
After touring his own territory, Huang Xie saw the value of this land at a glance. He wants to turn this Zeguo into a vast wilderness and his granary. Although numerous military events are still waiting for the decision of Lingyin, Huang Xie, who has just arrived in Jiangdong, still asks for leave, and organizes manpower on a large scale to dredge this shallow water, expanding its river surface to 300-700 meters and digging to more than ten meters, connecting with the Yangtze River estuary between the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea. More than 2000 years have passed, and later generations have inherited the tradition of spring and have been digging deep into dredging. Today, the Huangpu River is still wide and deep, which can be used by ships of 3000 ~ 1 10,000 tons, and belongs to the first-class waterway.
"Doodle, doodle, doodle, my parents went to open the Huangpu River, and when they came back, they opened the Spring Pool. The leading grandfather is Chun, who lives in Huangnibang and is the village head. "
In front of a rockery on the north side of Chunshenjun Ancestral Temple, several seven-or eight-year-old children played in front of the rockery made of Taihu stone and sang this ancient nursery rhyme. The old man guarding the ancestral hall said, "This nursery rhyme has been sung in the local area for several generations. The old people said that our Chunshen Village was the "command post" of the Chunshen Army when Huang Xie excavated the Huangpu River. This nursery rhyme is a testimony to this history. "
After the Huangpu River was dredged, the local water system became clear, Zeguo became a fertile land, the economy advanced by leaps and bounds, and its status became increasingly prominent. During the Sui Dynasty, a town called Huating Town was established locally. Counties were established in the Tang Dynasty. During the Chunhua period of the Northern Song Dynasty (990 ~994), it began to be called Shanghai and Shanghai Town. In the Ming Dynasty, capitalism in China sprouted and flourished here. 1553, the imperial court built Shanghai City to resist the Japanese invaders, and the local economy further developed, gradually becoming the largest cotton textile center in China. In the Qing Dynasty, Shanghai belonged to Songjiang Prefecture. 1843, Shanghai was forced to open a port and became a concession of foreign powers in China, which gradually turned Shanghai from a famous southeast city into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal city. At the same time, Shanghai has also become one of the important international trade ports in China. During the Republic of China, Shanghai belonged to Jiangsu Province. From 65438 to 0928, the government established Shanghai Special City. After the founding of New China, Shanghai became a municipality directly under the Central Government. Although Shanghai is the largest city in China and the financial center of Asia, it has always been obsessed with spring Shen Jun. In September 2002, at the successful celebration party of the Shanghai World Expo, the first song sung by the actors was "Shen Jun Comfort Spring".
The Huangpu River is to Shanghai what the Yellow River and the Yangtze River are to China. This river has thus become the mother river of Shanghai. Up to now, Huangpu River is still the main source of domestic and industrial water in Shanghai, and plays an important role in shipping, flood discharge, irrigation, fishery, tourism and climate regulation.
Looking at the remains, staring at the sky, thinking thousands of miles, feeling more than ten thousand feelings.
Thousands of years of time and space, in this land where we live, staged scenes of vicissitudes of life lively drama, princes and princes fighting, how many countries split. In history, Huang Xie's reputation for Chun Shen Jun is not all praise or blame. Some people say that he is "greedy", while others say that he is "fatuous in power". After the vicissitudes of life, these are not particularly important. The important thing is whether you have walked, crushed or not, leaving your hasty but solid footprints. This is the most important and unforgettable.
Generation after generation, what a person does, whether he does it or not, and what he does with it are the yardsticks to test heroes and ordinary people. After you finished singing, he came on stage, bustling, just changing clothes and costumes. How much can you remember? He is at ease in people's hearts, hidden among the vast historical clouds ...?