The word "Xiajin County" belongs to the place name of China's administrative region. Its standard pronunciation is "xajn xià n". The county-level administrative region (place name entity) it refers to is located in the northwest of Shandong Province, with the latitude of 36 53 ′ ~ 3710 ′ and the longitude of15 45 ′ ~16 ′ and the southeast direction. The area is 87 1.9 square kilometers. The population is 489,000. Xiajin Town, the resident of the county people's government, is located at the northwest of Jinan, the provincial capital120km, and is a county under the jurisdiction of Dezhou City.
Second, administrative divisions.
Xiajin County governs 10 towns and 2 townships: Yin Cheng Street, Beicheng Street, Suliuzhuang Town, Xinshengdian Town, Leiji Town, Zhengbaotun Town, Baimahu Town, Tun Town of East Li Guan, Songlou Town, Xiangzhaozhuang Town, Shuangmiao Town, Chengnan Town, Dukouyi Township and Tianzhuang Township.
Third, the evolution of administrative divisions.
Xiajin has a long history. Xiajin County is located in the 16th year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (AD 596). This is the beginning of the word "Xiajin". Previously, Xiajin belonged to "_ County" and was located in Julu County in the early Western Han Dynasty. The origin of ("_" sh ū) is unknown. According to the structure of this word, it should be a city-specific word. Later, I believed that Hou Xiang's country belonged to Qinghe County in Jizhou. In the fourth year of the Han Dynasty (Lv Zhi) (BC 184), the county was established as the Hou State. Wang Mang changed the north into fertile land (AD 9). Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty overthrew Wang Mang, established Hou Guo and sealed Ma Wuhou. During the Three Kingdoms period, it belonged to Ganling County, Hezhou, Wei Qing. In the Western Jin Dynasty, it belonged to Qinghe State. Sixteen countries belong to Qinghe County. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, it belonged to Jeju Plain County in the Northern Wei Dynasty. The Eastern Wei Dynasty belongs to Qinghe County. During the Northern Qi Dynasty, it belonged to Qinghe County, Jizhou, and later the abandoned county was merged into the plain. In the 16th year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (AD 596), a county was set up in the southwest of Gu _ city, and the county was ruled in this county, belonging to Qinghe County. Xiajin County is in another place, and the county seat is in Sunsheng Town (Xinshengdian Village, north of the county seat15km), which belongs to Zhou Bei. During the great cause of Sui Dynasty (605-6 18), Xiajin County was merged into Qinghe County. In the first year of Tang Tianbao (742), it was changed to Xiajin County. The Song Dynasty belonged to a famous house on Hebei Road. The Jin Dynasty belonged to Daming Mansion and Daming Mansion Road. Both Yuan and Ming Dynasties belonged to Gaotang County. In the eighth year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1730), it was changed to Dongchangfu. Forty-one years of Qianlong (1776) belonged to Zhili prefecture in Linqing. During the Republic of China, it belonged to the fourth administrative supervision area of Lindong Road in Shandong Province. After liberation on September 4th, Xiajin County, 1945, successively belonged to Jinan No.2 Agency and Hengshui Agency. 1952 10, belonging to Dezhou, Shandong Province, 1956 belonging to Liaocheng, 196 1 year reverted to Dezhou, and 1995 was established in Dezhou, and Xiajin County still belongs to Dezhou.
Fourth, the characteristics of place names.
Xiajin county has a long history, and the formation of local place names has its historical origins. According to the origin analysis of the names of 530 natural villages in the county during the place name census, except for some villages such as Lizhuang (now belonging to Yin Cheng Sub-district Office), Cui Zhuang and Cuilou (now belonging to Baimahu Town), most villages were built after the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty. The reason is that the war and natural disasters at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the "Jingnan" campaign in Ming Dynasty (commonly known as "Rebecca Sweeping the North") caused the deaths of people in Huaibei, Shandong, Hebei and Henan. In particular, Gaotangzhou and Dongchangfu in Shandong were the main battlefields at that time and became uninhabited. As a result, "Chun Yan has nowhere to go, and the East is thousands of miles away." According to old records, in the twenty-four years of Hong Xingwu, there were 687 households with 4279 mouths.
In Dingding in the Ming Dynasty, a large number of immigrants settled down, most of whom came from Donghong in Shanxi and Jiaodong in Shandong. Therefore, most villages were formed at this time. So there are many place names with the color of "wasteland". At present, there are 52 villages with the word "Tun" in their names, including Zhangguantun, Liguantun, Huangguantun, Zhouguantun, Zhanglichangtun and Yulichangtun. Among the village names in Xiajin, except the common place names such as "Zhuang" and "Zhai", others are mostly geographical locations and buildings. Most of them name names, such as Madi, Du Di, Zuo Di and Liu Di. Along the levee of the old Yellow River. Buildings are named after buildings, such as Li Lou, Dailou, Tang Miao, Li Tang, Liu Miao and Shi Miao. In addition, there are people named after "Wangzhuang", such as Maowangzhuang, Youwangzhuang and Xiewangzhuang. These village names were named after Zhuangtian, which was given to the kings by Ming Chengzu, and the surname of the leader who managed Zhuangtian. In a word, the naming characteristics of Xiajin village names are named after surnames, combined with place names (such as Zhuang, Zhai, dike, ditch, temple, hall, building, etc. ) form a village name. These village names account for more than 95% of the village names in the county.
Xiajin county has a profound historical and cultural heritage, and there are many village names named after historical celebrities, cultural relics and historical sites, myths and legends. Among them is Zhangfa Temple, which is named after Dayun Temple in the southeast of the village. Dayun Temple is also commonly known as Zhangfa Temple. According to old books, Dayun Temple was built in the Tang Dynasty and destroyed at the end of Yuan Dynasty. During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, Zhang and his wife from Ye County, Laizhou, came here. When they saw the grandeur of the Great Temple, they converted to Buddhism and made up their minds to achieve a positive result. People call it Master Zhang, so they call it a temple, and the village next to the temple is also called a temple. His wife also returned to Buddhism and built a buddhist nun twelve miles south of Dayun Temple. People commonly known as "Zhang Gu 'an", and later built a village next to buddhist nun, also known as "Zhang Gu 'an". Referred to as "Zhang 'an" (now Zhaoxiang Town). For example, it is said that a mother and a fetus gave birth to five dragons, all of which died in the wind and rain. Later, the "Wulongtang" was built to commemorate it, and a village was built next to it, named "Wulongtang". Another example is Wang Tailai Zhuang, Zheng Baotun and Jia, all of whom got village names after the celebrities here, Wang Tailai and Jia. Hope Pu, Liu Pu and Shilipu are named after Dipu (post station) on the ancient Shangguan Road.
Some place names also have special pronunciations, such as "Shi" pronounced "Chi" and "Yue" pronounced "Ya".
Cultural connotation
I. History and culture
Xiajin is a thousand-year-old county with rich historical and cultural accumulation, and there have been many major events and celebrities in this land. As time goes by, Xiajin has a long and profound history.
(1) cultural relics and historic sites
1, ancient relics
(1) The ancient _ county site is located in Kanjiazhuang, 35 miles northeast of the county and southwest of Pingyuan county. There are ruins of the old town of Xian, with scattered rubble, which is not suitable for farming. Its urban ruins are still discernible, and people usually call it "Cheng Zili". Many ancient coins have been unearthed, and the style of money is called "the fountain of goods".
(2) Xiajin Ancient Town Site is located in Xinshengdian Village, Xinshengdian Town, north of the county seat 15km, with similar topography to the county seat, with Dashizi Street as the highest point. According to old books, this place is low-lying and prone to waterlogging when it rains, so it moved to _ city and changed to _ Xiajin. This place has always been called Sun Sheng Town, Jinchuan Town, Xinxian Store and Xinsheng Store.
(3) The former site of Dou Jiande Military Station is located at 3 Li east of Zhengbaotun Village, Xiajin County. Legend has it that it was the place where Dou Jiande, the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Sui Dynasty, gathered military forces. He also said that the insurgents and Sui Jun were fighting in Liaocheng, and Jiande was the new force. Therefore, the soldiers who participated in the war were replaced by turns and gathered here to rest to maintain their fierce fighting capacity. 1982 according to the investigation by the cultural department, the site is more than 250 meters long from east to west and 200 meters wide from north to south. About one meter above the ground. Today, the site is covered with wormwood and rubble, which is not suitable for farming and is a wilderness. Up to now, the locals still call it the "station". When digging in this place, some pottery fragments from Sui and Tang Dynasties were unearthed. According to local farmers, there are many dice picked here, all of which were used by soldiers to gamble in those days.
(4) Dou Jiande Tun Granary Site is located in the northeast corner of the old city of Xiajin County (now the east end of Beicheng Street). In the spring of the second year of Tang Wude (AD 6 19), Dou Jiande, the leader of the peasant uprising, and Sui Jun fought fiercely in Liaocheng, where Dou Jiande used it as a "transit station" for military supplies. (See Qinggan's Xiajin County Records of Long Ben). I used to hoard food and grass here to help the army. The site is 400 meters long from east to west and 250 meters wide from north to south, surrounded by ditches. This ditch has two purposes: one is to prevent food from being stolen; The second is to use ditch water to prevent fire and put out the fire, which really kills two birds with one stone. It is said that at that time, due to the lack of food and grass, the morale of the Sui army was shaken and the war failed. Jiande won a great victory because of Liang Mo's support, and captured Sui Jun general Yu Wenhuaji. The vertical and horizontal ditches and ranges of this field can still be vaguely distinguished in the1970s.
(5) Dayun Temple Site is located in the southeast of Zhangfasi Village, Dongli Town. It was built in Jin, but it gradually declined due to the regret of the war in the past year. By the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the temple was destroyed. In the 24th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (193 1), Master Zhang (a native of Yexian County) came here to manage and rebuild. Tomorrow, it will take more than 70 years to complete Shunguiwei (1463), and the magnificent temple will be built. Build 18 various halls. "Three Buddhas, Dharma Protection, Compassion, Five Hundred Arhats and King Kong" are all available. Monk room, warehouse, bathroom, kitchen and other supporting facilities are readily available. "The architecture is bright and beautiful, and the golden light reflects, but it is the magnificent scenery of Dong Fan" (see Qinggan Long Ben's Xiajin County Records? Art and literature. In its heyday, there were 100 monks, which was the name of Fiona Fang, hundreds of miles away. Shen Zhong, a Shandong scholar in the Ming Dynasty, once wrote a poem praising: "Alone in Brahma Temple, Xiajin East, thousands of trees are deep in Reuters. The road flies three miles, and the eaves sound in the air. When the stork flies down, all the cassock guides are the same. In addition to Lingyan, how dare other trivial things compete? " According to old books, more than 8,300 mu of property was rented from outside the temple. The temple site covers an area of 6,543,800 square meters. It can be seen that the scale of the temple is magnificent. Later, due to years of oblivion and great changes, temples collapsed and monks scattered. By the 23rd year of the Republic of China (1934), its buildings had been demolished. Now its ruins are still full of rubble. Sacrificial ceramic utensils are often unearthed, such as _ _, square tombstones, etc. Locals also have names like "Big" and "Tafen".
2. Tomb
The Han Formation of Bailongwangmiao Village is located in the east of Bailongwangmiao Village in Xinshengdian Town. In the early 1980s, the county cultural center sent people to investigate and found many ancient tombs. After reporting to the superior cultural relics management department, it was discovered and identified as a tomb in the early Eastern Han Dynasty. Ji Tao, Taogou and Taolouzi were unearthed and are now in the county library. Only two ancient tombs were found, belonging to ordinary civilians. Other graves have not been excavated.
(2) Historical events
Xiajin County is located in the northwest of Shandong Province, at the junction of Hebei and Shandong. Because of the convenient transportation of the western canal, there have been many famous events in history, such as Dou Jiande's military station, podium, granary, Boxer Rebellion and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.
1, Max Zhang said that the peasant uprising led to the great cause of Yang Di for seven years (6 1 1), and there was a bumper harvest in Shandong, and people went hungry everywhere and their lives were extremely miserable. It was June of 10, and Zhang Jin, a native of Xiajin County, said that the people got up and the rebels gathered. Yang Di sent Duan Da, a general, to crusade against the insurgents, but he was defeated. Jin said that he joined forces with Sun Xuanya, a farmer from Bohai Sea, to break Liyang and achieved great success. In November (6 13), Jin claimed to defeat, capture and kill Feng Xiaoci, the general of Sui Dynasty. In March of the 12th year of the Great Cause (6 16), Jin claimed to lead the troops to attack Pingen (now the west of Qiu County, Hebei Province), Wu 'an, Julu, Qinghe and other counties, and his power increased greatly. Later, due to underestimating the enemy, in the 13th year of Daye (6 17), Jin claimed to be captured and killed by the county magistrate Yang Shanhui.
2. Dou Jiande beat Sui Jun Tang Wude with Xiajin as the transshipment point. In the spring of the following year (6 19), Dou Jiande, the leader of the peasant uprising, fought Sui Jun in Liaocheng, and Jiande took Xiajin as a transit point to support the army and won a great victory. Captured Sui Jun general Yu Wenhuaji.
3. In the spring of the 25th year of Guangxu (1899), Xiajin Boxer was founded, with its leader in Heluo and a native of Zhangdi (now Songlou Town) in the west of the county. There are more than 200 people in the group. Burning churches, expelling priests and waging fierce struggles with foreign missionaries and believers. Later, Hunan Phoenix Hall (commonly known as "Mrs. Ren") came to Xiajin to co-lead the Boxer Rebellion with Heluo. He led his troops to take part in the battle against Shilizhuang Church in Wucheng. He also led the army to the north and participated in the anti-Westernization activities organized by Yan, the head of the Boxer Rebellion.
4. Killed 65438 Nakamura, the consultant of thirteen Japanese counties. In the early winter of 0940, more than 500 people from the 3rd Company of the 22nd Brigade of the Seventh Sub-repair Department of the Kuomintang local army came to Xiajin and settled in Sanya Village (now Shuangmiao Town). Later, it was reported to the Japanese army by Guo Mingcheng, the pseudo-governor. Yujie Nakamura, a Japanese consultant stationed in Xiajin County, personally organized more than 800 Japanese puppet troops in Xiajin, Linqing, Qinghe, Wucheng, Qingping and Zaonan counties, and surrounded the "Sanya Village" in three ways. Under the guidance of the local guide, Zhou Zhizhong, the brigade commander of the 22nd Brigade, led his troops to launch a fierce battle with the puppet troops on the same day. In the battle, Zhou's brother Zhou Erhu and Xiajin Hou Zhenyu jointly killed Japanese consultant Nakamura. In the battle, more than 30 people died and more than 20 people were seriously injured. Only 1 company commander and 4 soldiers of the 22nd Brigade were killed.
5.1The Battle of Xia Bei in August, 945, in order to clear the enemy outside Xiajin county and prepare for the early liberation of the county. Liu Huaqing, political commissar of the Sixth Division of the Eighth Route Army in southern Hebei, and Liu Mingjian, chief of staff, organized the "Battle of Xiabei" to wipe out the enemy north of Xiajin. The campaign adopted the tactics of "encircling the gang". First surrounded the Japanese and puppet strongholds north of Xiajin, and then ambushed enemy reinforcements in the county. The battle went well, and some of the enemy's guns were killed before they reached their shoulders. In the battle, more than 70 Japanese troops were annihilated, more than 20 people were injured and more than 200 puppet troops were captured. Two heavy machine guns, four light machine guns, mortars 1 and more than 300 rifles were seized. And killed Yang Yingxian, the captain of the puppet cavalry.
(3) Historical figures
Xiajin county has outstanding people, and many celebrities have emerged in the past dynasties. In ancient times, there were Taige ministers of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Cui Hong, editor of the Sixteen Kingdoms Spring and Autumn Annals, and Max Zhang, leader of the peasant uprising at the end of Sui Dynasty. There were Ma, a general of the Northern Song Dynasty, a poet and Song Jiujia of the Jin Dynasty, Zhu Yingchang and Guo Siwei, supervisors of the Ming Dynasty, Shanxi politicians, modern calligraphers and Zhang.
202 1, 1, in 2020, the ranking of influential counties in rural revitalization communication was released, and Xiajin County ranked 360th.
In June, 2020 165438+ 10, the Ministry of Water Resources announced the third batch of counties (districts) that reached the standard for the construction of water-saving society, and Xiajin County was on the list.
In June 2020, Xiajin County was included in the second batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization counties (Hebei, Shandong and Henan regions).
Shandong Province 136 Counties and cities ranked 202 1
In February of 20 18, Xiajin County was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education in China in 20 17.
In 2005, Xiajin County ranked eighth among the top 100 cotton-producing counties in China.
In 2004, Xiajin County ranked sixth among the top 100 cotton-producing counties in China.