The Renaissance, the Reformation and the Enlightenment all resulted from the development of capitalism. * * * The same influence: it broke through the ideological shackles of feudal theology, liberated people's minds, was conducive to the development of capitalist economy, and made ideological preparations for bourgeois revolution.
The Renaissance
The historical period of Europe refers to an ideological and cultural movement that rose in Italian cities at the end of13rd century and then spread to western European countries.16th century prevailed in Europe, bringing about the scientific and artistic revolution and opening the curtain of modern European history. It is considered as the dividing line between the Middle Ages and the modern times. Marxist historians believe that it is the dividing line between feudalism and capitalism.
At the end of the Middle Ages, with the continuous invasion of the Eastern Roman Empire by Ottoman, the people of the Eastern Roman fled in succession, bringing a large number of ancient Greek and Roman cultural classics and artistic treasures to the commercially developed cities of Italy.
Some advanced intellectuals in the emerging bourgeoisie carry forward the humanistic spirit through studying the art and culture of ancient Greece and Rome and through literary and artistic creation. Renaissance is one of the three major ideological liberation movements in modern western Europe (Renaissance, Reformation and Enlightenment).
reform
Christianity's top-down religious reform movement began in Europe in the 6th century A.D./KLOC-0, which laid the foundation for Protestantism, but it also disintegrated the system of integration of politics and religion led by the Catholic Church after the Roman Empire promulgated Christianity as the state religion, and laid the foundation for the later transition of western countries from feudal society under Christian rule to diversified modern society, so western historians directly called it "reform movement".
the Enlightenment
Usually, it refers to the period before the French Revolution17th century to18th century, when new ideas were constantly emerging, which together with rationalism constituted a long-term cultural movement. The Enlightenment in this period covered natural science, philosophy, ethics, politics, economy, history, literature, education and other fields of knowledge.
The Enlightenment provided a framework for the American War of Independence and the French Revolution, and led to the rise of capitalism and socialism, which was the same period as the Baroque period in the history of music and the neoclassicism period in the history of art.