[Source of Civilization] Anhui Province was founded in the sixth year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (A.D. 1667), and its initials were Anhui. Anhui is called "Anhui" because it has an ancient Anhui country and its mountains and rivers. Anhui Province is an important birthplace of prehistoric civilization in China. Renzidong, Fanchang County discovered the site of human activities about 2.5 million years ago. The Paleolithic site of "Hexian Ape Man" excavated in Longtan Cave of Hexian County, 300,000-400,000 years ago, shows that human beings lived and multiplied in this land of Anhui in ancient times. Haozhou was once the ministry of Tang Cheng in Shang Dynasty, and Gu Shouchun (now Shouxian) was the capital of Chu during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

[Historical Situation] The establishment of the Xia Dynasty, the first slave country in China's history, began in Yu. Yu's father, Kun, is a tribal leader who lives on the south bank of the great river and has rich experience in water and soil management. He failed in the struggle with Yao and Shun. Later, in the area, Yu corrected the wrong practice of focusing on blocking in the past and changed to focusing on dredging to carry out new water control projects. According to the height of the terrain, he divided the stagnant water in the highlands and the scattered water in the depressions, so that the fertile plains and wide fields could reduce the disaster of flooding, and the scattered water could accumulate somewhere. Yuping managed water and soil, developed production, won the support of the masses, won the support of many tribal leaders, and established the rights of Yu Wang. In order to consolidate the political power, Xia and Yi met with leaders of many countries or tribes in Tushan (now Huaiyuan County, the western suburb of Bengbu City, Anhui Province). This is the "Tushan Conference", which marks the formal establishment of the Xia Dynasty. Later, Yu's son Qi officially abolished the "abdication system" at the "Diaoyutai State Banquet" and began the history of China's civilized era. Today, it is said that the Wang Yu Temple, which was built in the Han Dynasty, still remains on the earth mountain.

Huangmei Opera was originally named Huangmei Tune and Tea Picking Opera. Popular in Anqing, Chizhou and Huizhou, it is one of the main local operas in Anhui Province. It is based on Anqing local language, lyrical, beautiful and beautiful, like flowing water, full of charm. Huangmei Opera has 36 plays and 72 plays. There are more than 100 voices. Accompaniment instruments are mainly Gao Hu and national musical instruments as well as gongs and drums. Huangmei Opera has developed rapidly centering on Anqing. There are Huangmei opera troupes and schools in Hefei and Anqing, and amateur troupes in rural areas. Famous actors include Yan Fengying, Wang Shaofang, Ma Lan and Han Zaifen.

I. Famous historical and cultural towns in Anhui Province

1. Wan 'an Ancient Town, Xiuning County

2. Taohuatan Town, Jingxian County (formerly Chencun Ancient Town)

3. Linhuan Ancient Town, Suixi County

4. Heyuezhou, Datong Ancient Town, Tongling County.

(The above-mentioned historical and cultural protection area was renamed as a famous historical and cultural town)

5. Sanhe Town, Feixi County

6. shuidong town, Xuanzhou District, Xuancheng City

7. Maotanchang Town, jin an district, Lu 'an City

8. Xiangchang Town, Yuexi County

9. Qiankou Town, Huizhou District, Huangshan City

10. Kongcheng Town, Tongcheng City

1 1. Xixinan Town, Huizhou District, Huangshan City

12. Chengfu Town, Qiaocheng District, Bozhou City

Two. Famous historical and cultural villages in Anhui Province

1. Longchuan Village (formerly Dakengkou)-Hucun-Xiantou, Jixi County

2. Shangzhuang-fengcun, Jixi County

3. Chengkan Village, Huizhou District, Huangshan City

4. Xu Cun, Shexian County

5. Tangmo Village, Huizhou District, Huangshan City

(The above-mentioned historical and cultural protection area was renamed as a famous historical and cultural village)

6. Tang Yue Village, Shexian County

7. Huangtian Village, Jingxian County

8. Gaixia Village, Guzhen County

9. Pingshan Village, Yixian County

10. Nanping Village, Yixian County

1 1. Lu Guan Village, Yixian County

12. Chaji Village, Jingxian County

13. Yaogang Village, Feidong County

14. Sunjiaweizi Village, bengshan district, Bengbu City

15. Xiongcun, Shexian County

16. Youlong Village, Xiuning County

17. Huangcun, Xiuning County

18. Shijia Village, Jixi County

19. Xiaojingzhuang Village, Feixi County

20. Changxi Village, Shexian County

2 1. Zhanqi Village, Shexian County

22. Huaiwei Village, Longzihu District, Bengbu City

23. Qiming Village-Guangxin Village-Gezilong Village in Feixi County

24. Xiaogang Village, Fengyang County

Three. Anhui historical and cultural blocks

Tunxi Old Street, Tunxi District, Huangshan City 1

2. Liudonggu Street in dongzhi county

(The above-mentioned historical and cultural protection areas were renamed as historical and cultural blocks)

3. Shunhe Street, Chengguan Town, Wuhe County