1, Oracle Bone Inscriptions: The characters written on tortoise shells and animal bones in Shang Dynasty are called "Oracle Bone Inscriptions". Since Shang dynasty.
2. Bronze inscription: It is an inscription carved on bronze in Shang and Zhou Dynasties. Also known as Zhong Dingwen. Bronze inscriptions have thick and wide strokes and round and muddy stippling. Jinwen is more standardized than Oracle Bone Inscriptions.
3. Da Zhuan: In the late Western Zhou Dynasty, bronze inscriptions tended to be straight and the strokes were neat and symmetrical.
4. Xiao Zhuan: Li Si arranged and simplified Chinese characters according to the writing norms of Qin State, and promoted them throughout the country. This new font is called Xiao Zhuan.
5, official script: seal script strokes are round. The symbolic meaning is obviously greatly enhanced. Small seal script is standard in writing, but inconvenient in writing. A simpler font is called official script, which is very popular among the people.
6. Regular script: At the end of the Han Dynasty, official script evolved into regular script. The twists and turns have not changed, and writing is easier.
7. Cursive script: Cursive script is characterized by many strokes, simple structure and bold font.
8. Running script: Running script is a font between regular script and cursive script, which is simpler than regular script and easier to identify than cursive script.
Second, about Chinese characters.
1. Origin: Chinese archaeologists have published a series of unearthed materials about the origin of characters earlier than Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins. Jia Hu's woodcut has a history of about 7762 years (128) after the physical determination of carbon 14. There are double pier sculptures 7,000 years ago, Banpo pottery sculptures 6,000 years ago, Qingdun site sculptures 5,000 years ago, tomb site couplets, Dawenkou pottery symbols, Taosi site Zhu Wen in Yao and Shun times, and Xia site water calligraphy. The early Oracle Bone Inscriptions is rich in writing system, and the later one belongs to the initial mature stage. These archaeological discoveries may be important clues to the origin of Chinese characters, or they may be different origins of the development of various characters.
2. In the early 1980s, more complete characters were found on the pottery unearthed from the Xia cultural site in Dengfeng, Henan. This is the earliest written language with exact time confirmed by scholars in China so far.
Introduction: Chinese characters are one of the oldest characters in the world, with a history of at least 4,000 years. The earliest recognizable mature Chinese character system was Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty. Chinese characters gradually change from graphics to strokes, from pictographs to symbols, and from complexity to simplicity. In the principle of word formation, from ideographic, ideographic to phonological. With few exceptions, they are all one Chinese character and one syllable.
View all 17 answers
2020 Newborn Baby Name _ Chinese Encyclopedia _ Birth Name _ Free Name
Encyclopedia of Chinese characters, take out high-scoring names, analyze surname patterns, give names to babies, automatically take names, children's names, children's names, and encyclopedia of Chinese characters.
Tongling Xiangyuan Culture Science and Technology Tour .. Advertisement
Chinese character daquan _ eight-character named Chinese character daquan _ newborn named daquan
The complete works of Chinese characters, the difference between a name and a name, the quality of a name, affect life! The Chinese Encyclopedia refers to the essence of Chu Ci in the Book of Songs to reduce the repetition rate. Encyclopedia of Chinese characters, combined with traditional scientific theory, is fashionable and pleasant to listen to, and has a good atmosphere!
Anqing Zhang Tian information consulting service .. advertisement
All related issues
What stages have the fonts of Chinese characters gone through? What are the main characteristics of each?
There are probably three stages, one is from Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Shang and Zhou inscriptions to Xiao Zhuan, the other is from Xiao Zhuan to official script, and the third is from official script to regular script. Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Jin Wen became Xiao Zhuan, the former was closer to the realistic pictograph of the picture, while the latter's strokes became round and regular, and gradually alienated from the shape of the object. Oracle Bone Inscriptions's knife marks are obvious, while the bronze inscriptions are thick. Their shapes are more casual, with words with fewer strokes occupying less space and words with more strokes occupying more space. The small seal script is neat, and each stroke accounts for one case. From seal script to official script, it is the biggest change of font and the turning point of ancient Chinese characters becoming modern Chinese characters. The glyph structure of Xiao Zhuan was broken, the pictographic meaning weakened and the symbolism strengthened. The turning point of the brushwork of Xiao Zhuan to Li Shu is generally square folding and horizontal, left and right brushwork. Seal script has become official script, and the basic pattern of modern characters and strokes has been formed. From official script to regular script, except for some changes in pen, the font structure has remained basically unchanged. There are also cursive and running scripts. Cursive writing is a scribble way to write various fonts. Now cursive refers to specific fonts, such as Cao Zhang and Crazy Grass. Wild grass is quite different from Li Kai in font and brushwork. It is an art completely, and it has lost its communication function. Running script is a font between regular script and cursive script. It is not as neat as regular script, nor as casual as cursive script, and it has become a common font in daily life.
44 browse 5599
What stages have the fonts of Chinese characters gone through?
Chinese characters are a recording tool invented by our ancient ancestors and one of the oldest characters in the world. It has a history of more than 4500 years. Its use began in Shang Dynasty at the latest, and it has undergone many changes such as Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Dazhuan, Xiaozhuan, Lishu, regular script, cursive script and running script. Chinese characters: Chinese characters (pinyin: Hànzì, phonetic notation: ?ㄢˋㄗˋ), also known as Chinese characters, Chinese characters and square characters, belong to morpheme syllables of ideographic characters. Chinese characters are written in Chinese, borrowed from Japanese, Korean/Korean and other languages. They are widely used in the cultural circle of Chinese characters, and they are also the only highly developed morphemes that are still widely used in the world. In a broad sense, Chinese characters refer to the characters from Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Da Zhuan, Jinwen, Zhuan and Xiao Zhuan to official script, cursive script, regular script and derived running script, while in a narrow sense, they refer to Chinese characters whose standard writing method is block letters, which are also widely used today. Chinese characters were invented and improved by China people in ancient times. At present, the exact history can be traced back to Oracle Bone Inscriptions of Zhang Wen and Jin Wen, about 65438 BC+0300 BC Shang Dynasty. Then came the seal script of Qin dynasty, the official reform of Han dynasty, and the standard of block letters in Tang dynasty. Chinese characters have been used continuously for the longest time up to now, and they are also the only characters in various ghost writing systems in ancient times. Chinese characters have always been the main official language in China. Chinese characters have developed to a highly complete level in ancient times. They are not only used in China, but also used as the only international communication language in East Asia for a long time. Before the 20th century, they were the official written and standardized characters of Japan, Korean Peninsula, Vietnam, Ryukyu and other countries, and all East Asian countries created their own Chinese characters to some extent.
6 browse1992019-11-03
How many stages have Chinese characters gone through? What are the main characteristics of each stage?
Chinese characters have roughly gone through seven stages, and the division of each stage and its main features are: 1, Oracle Bone Inscriptions. In the late Shang Dynasty, "ideographic symbol" evolved into a relatively stereotyped "Oracle Bone Inscriptions", which was immediately written on animal bones and tortoise shells. This is the first stage of "Chinese characters" and the ancestor of "modern Chinese characters". Oracle Bone Inscriptions has thin strokes, many straight strokes and many twists. 2. Jinwen. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, bronzes began to be widely used, and the words engraved on bronze Zhong Ding and stone drums appeared-"Bronze inscriptions", also known as Zhong Dingwen and Shi Guwen. Jinwen's brushwork is very rough, with a lot of bending pens and a lot of lumps. 3. seal script. In the Qin dynasty, the characters were unified and measured. Li Si, the prime minister, collected, simplified and beautified the characters at that time, forming a "seal script", also known as "Qin Zhuan", which is a combination of small seal script and big seal script. Chinese characters developed to the stage of seal script, and gradually began to shape in outline, strokes and structure, weakening the pictographic meaning and making the characters more symbolic. The official script that became popular in the Western Han Dynasty was called "Han Li". Lishu has played the writing characteristics of brush, and there are twists and turns of "silkworm head and goose tail", which is convenient for writing. 5. Regular script. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi created regular script. Regular script draws lessons from the round strokes of seal script, and retains the square and straight of official script, and removes the "silkworm head swallow tail". The structure of Chinese characters was basically fixed, and it was called "real book" at that time. Later generations used this font as a model for learning calligraphy and changed it to regular script. 6, cursive script. From the early Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, Chinese characters appeared in cursive forms such as "Cao Zhang", "Today Grass" and "Crazy Grass". Cursive script is characterized by fast writing speed, fluency, rhythm and artistic appeal. 7. Run the script. Since the Jin Dynasty, there has been a Chinese character between regular script and cursive script, which is called "running script". Running script is not as standard and serious as regular script, nor as bold and unrestrained as cursive script. It is elegant, cheerful and flexible, so it is still the most popular and commonly used Chinese font.
98 browse 35 1720 17-09-03
What periods are the evolution of Chinese characters divided into, and what are the main characteristics of each period?
The development of China fonts has gone through two stages: ancient Chinese characters and modern Chinese characters. The stage of ancient Chinese characters can be divided into four stages: Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Jinwen, Dazhuan and Xiaozhuan. Today's writing stage can be divided into official script, cursive script and regular script. The evolution history of China fonts: 1. Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Oracle Bone Inscriptions were popular characters in the Yin and Shang Dynasties more than 3,000 years ago. Oracle Bone Inscriptions mainly recorded the divination activities of the royal nobles in Shang Dynasty. Because it is carved on the bones of tortoise shells, people call it Oracle Bone Inscriptions. The main characteristics of Oracle Bone Inscriptions are: the picture features are obvious, because it is carved on the tortoise shell bone with a knife, so the strokes are thin and the fonts are different sizes. 2. Jinwen Jinwen, also known as Zhong Dingwen, was cast on bronzes-Zhong Ding, articles for daily use, weapons, etc. In the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn Period. In ancient times, bronze was called gold, so later generations called the words on the bronze inscriptions bronze inscriptions. Bronze inscriptions mainly record the sacrifices of rulers, the enfeoffment and conquest of princes and the achievements of masters. The main features of inscriptions on bronze inscriptions are: thick strokes, neat structural lines, obviously reduced picture features and strengthened text symbols. 3. Dazhuan Dazhuan is a popular Chinese character font in Qin during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The font of Da Zhuan was directly developed from the inscriptions on bronze in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Its shape and structural features are roughly the same as those of the inscriptions on bronze, with slight changes and standardization, from which we can clearly see the traces of the development of China's fonts. The main features of seal script are: the font is neat and symmetrical, the strokes are uniform in thickness and tend to be straight, which is a big step forward compared with bronze inscriptions. 4. Xiao Zhuan Xiao Zhuan is the national standard font after Qin unified the six countries. After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, he implemented the policy of "using the same language but not the same name", taking the seal script popular in Qin Dynasty as the basis for sorting out Chinese characters, removing the strokes and structure of seal script, making it simpler and more standardized, thus unifying the original complex Chinese font, and having a unified standard, this unified font is seal script. Xiao Zhuan is the product of the first standardization of Chinese characters in the history of China, and it plays a very important role in the history of Chinese characters. The popularity of Xiao Zhuan ended the chaotic situation of various forms and writing methods of Chinese characters since Oracle Bone Inscriptions for more than 1000 years. The main features of Xiao Zhuan are simple and standardized strokes and structure, and highly unified fonts and glyphs.
23 Browse 105320 17-09-03
What stages did the evolution of Chinese characters go through?
The evolution of Chinese characters has gone through the stages of Oracle Bone Inscriptions, bronze inscription, seal script, official script, regular script, cursive script and running script. Up to now, regular script has been widely used, but it has not been completely finalized. 1. There are about1.5000 pieces of Oracle bones found in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, with more than 4500 words. These Oracle Bone Inscriptions records are extremely rich in content, involving many aspects of social life in Shang Dynasty, including not only politics, military affairs, culture and social customs, but also astronomy, calendars, medicine and other science and technology. 2. Jinwen Jinwen refers to the words engraved on the bronze wares of Yin and Zhou Dynasties, also called Zhong Dingwen. Shang and Zhou Dynasties were the bronze age, with the tripod as the representative ritual vessel and the bell as the representative musical instrument. "Zhong Ding" was synonymous with bronze ware. Therefore, Zhong Dingwen or inscriptions on bronze refers to inscriptions cast or carved on bronzes. 3. The representative figure of Da Zhuan is Shi Guwen, named after the biography of Zhou Xuanwang Taishi. On the basis of the original text, he transformed it and got his name because it was engraved on the stone drum. It is the earliest stone carving text that has been circulated so far, and it is the ancestor of stone carving. It began in the late Western Zhou Dynasty and traveled in Qin during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The fonts are similar to those of Qin Zhuan, but the configurations of glyphs overlap. 4. Xiao Zhuan is also called "Qin Zhuan". During the Qin Dynasty, Li Si was ordered to unify the characters, which was called Xiao Zhuan. It was in the Qin dynasty. The shape is long, even and neat, and it evolved from Da Zhuan. 5. Regular script is also called official script, or real book. Its characteristics are: square shape, straight strokes, can be used as a model, hence the name. Began in the Eastern Han Dynasty. 6. A cursive Chinese character. Formed in the Han Dynasty, it evolved on the basis of official script for the convenience of writing. 7. Running script is a font between regular script and cursive script, which can be said to be cursive script or cursive script. It is to make up for the shortcomings of slow writing in regular script and illegible cursive script. The brushwork is not as sloppy as cursive script, and it is not required to be as correct as regular script. There are more methods of mold opening than cursive writing, which is called "mold opening". Cursive calligraphy is more than modular method, which is called "cursive calligraphy". Running script was produced in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Extended data:
Chinese characters are used to write Mandarin and dialects, and Japanese, Korean/Korean and other languages can also be written by borrowing Chinese characters. It is the only official language in China and one of the official languages in Singapore. At present, the exact history can be traced back to Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty. In Japanese, Hiragana and Katakana are mixed. Chinese characters used to be one of the official languages of Lee's Korea (/kloc-a proverb invented by Sejong in Korea in the 5th century, also known as Korean/Korean). At present, South Korea only uses Chinese characters to avoid ambiguity, while North Korea all uses proverbs for spelling. Chinese characters, also known as Chinese characters, Chinese characters and Chinese characters, belong to morpheme syllables of ideographic characters. Invented and improved by the Han nationality, it is one of the four oldest self-generated characters in the world (cuneiform characters in the two river basins, sacred script characters in ancient Egypt, Oracle characters in Shang Dynasty in China, Mayan characters), and it is also the only one still in use today. Chinese characters are the longest-used characters in the history of the world, and they are also the main official characters in China. The change of official script is a milestone in the development history of Chinese characters. Chinese characters were named "Chinese characters" when they developed into official scripts in Han Dynasty.