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Liu Ying, Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty, was he the second emperor of the Western Han Dynasty?
Emperor Hui of Han Dynasty was named Liu Ying, the son of Liu Bang and Lv Hou, the founding emperors of Han Dynasty, and the second emperor of Western Han Dynasty. He continued to carry out the policy of recuperation promulgated by Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, which promoted the economic prosperity of Han Dynasty. He also lifted the ideological ban of the Qin Dynasty, advocated the philosophy of Huang Lao, and promoted the ideological and cultural development of the Han Dynasty. However, he is kind but cowardly. His life was influenced by his mother, Queen Lu, and he didn't make much achievements.

? Liu Ying is the second son of Liu Bang. Liu Bang was very romantic when he was young. Before marrying Lv Zhi, he had an affair with Cao Shi and gave birth to his eldest son, Liu Fei. However, Lu was his wife, so he called himself the king and appointed his first son, Liu Ying, as the prince. Liu Ying was born in the thirty-sixth year of Qin Shihuang (2 1 1 BC). At that time, Liu Bang was only a small curator in Pei County. Because the family is not rich, Liu Ying often works in the fields with his mother and sister. Later, Liu Bang rose up against the Qin Dynasty and became a wanted man in the Qin Dynasty. Liu Ying lives a wandering life with his family.

However, she often stays in Beijing and doesn't go to her fief. Mrs. Qi took advantage of her frequent meeting with Liu Bang and cried day and night that she wanted Liu Bangli Liu Ruyi to replace Liu Ying as the Prince.

? Although Liu Ying succeeded in becoming the Crown Prince, his journey to the throne was not easy because of the support of his mother Lv Zhi. Liu bang has been "creating a career" outside, and has never done enough for his wife and children. On the contrary, they suffered a lot. Now Liu Bang is the emperor and the son of heaven, and he wants all kinds of beautiful women. Naturally, he despises his wife. Liu Bang doesn't like Liu Ying either. He feels weak, unlike himself.

? Liu Bang's favorite is the young and beautiful lady Qi, who can dance "rolling her sleeves and bending over", and her son Liu Ruyi, the prince of Zhao. Mrs. Qi has some calculation. Seeing that Liu Bang didn't like the queen and the prince, she took the opportunity to advise her son. She sobbed day and night beside Liu Bang. Please make Ruyi a prince. Liu Bang was really moved by her "pillow breeze". However, Mrs Zheng is not as clever as Queen Lv Zhi.

? Lv Hou already felt that Liu Bang wanted to start work on their mother and son, so he soon thought of countermeasures. She turned to resourceful Sean for advice. Sean suggested that she ask Liu Bang's "Four big noble" (four venerable elders) to help the Prince.

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Lv Hou acted according to the plan, and the "Four Good" really played a great role. Liu bang saw that the prince had such talents to assist him, and felt that the prince had gained prestige and could not be changed. In the 12th year of Gao Han (195 BC), Liu Bang, namely Gao Han, died of illness, and Liu Ying succeeded to the throne at the age of 17, namely the emperor.

? When Liu Ying became emperor, he inherited a prosperous Han Dynasty. As the king of persistence, he only needs to continue Liu Bang's policy. Therefore, he continued to implement the policy of rest and recuperation, further reduced taxes, encouraged production, rewarded childbearing and relaxed business restrictions. In order to create a stable domestic environment, Liu Ying also used the policy of closeness to friends to stabilize its relations with the surrounding ethnic minorities such as Xiongnu.

? Under the rule of Liu Ying, the population of the Western Han Dynasty was prosperous, the economy was prosperous, and the national strength was gradually enhanced. Liu Ying also made a great event, that is, to build Chang 'an. When Liu Bang made Chang 'an his capital, Chang 'an was very humble. Later, Liu Bang only built several palaces without walls. Liu Ying made an overall plan for Chang 'an and built it according to the highest standards in Kyoto.

? It took five years before and after, and hundreds of thousands of people were recruited, basically completing the scale of Chang' an in Han Dynasty. After the completion of Chang 'an, the circumference of the city wall was 65 Li, which was the largest capital in the world at that time. At that time, only Rome was as famous in Europe. As a political and economic center, the capital prospered quickly with its neat layout and clear classification.

? Liu Ying also made great contributions in ideological and cultural aspects. Since the Qin Dynasty, legalists who advocated severe punishment and severe laws have been in the dominant position. Liu Ying lifted this imprisonment and replaced the legalist theory with Huang Lao's thought. He abolished the suppression of calligraphy in the Qin Dynasty, and all kinds of thoughts and cultures became active, especially Confucianism, which laid the foundation for the later Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to "respect Confucianism alone"

? Although Liu Ying wanted to be a promising emperor, his mother, Lv Hou, was autocratic and constrained everywhere, which also contributed to his early death. Liu Ying is a benevolent, kind-hearted and filial to his mother. In the Han Dynasty, filial piety was highly respected, and it was from him that Emperor posthumous title added the word "filial piety".

? Lv Hou was the first empress dowager in the history of China who was famous for her autocratic power. She is scheming, ambitious, and even more sinister. She is Liu Bang's wife and followed her all the way from the curator to the emperor. She is a real husband and wife in trouble. However, after Liu Bang became emperor, he found a new lover and completely ignored her. Lv Zhi not only hates Liu Bang's fickle feelings, but also hates those concubines favored by Liu Bang. Mrs Qi and Ruyi Zhao, Liu Bang's favorite, are Lv Hou's most annoying people.

? After Liu Bang's death, Lv Hou immediately retaliated and vented his anger. She cruelly persecuted all the concubines that Liu Bang had favored before, and the means were unbelievable, especially for Mrs. Qi and her son. Mrs. Qi was forbidden to enter Yongxiang, and her hair was ordered to be pulled out, and she was made to do hard work with instruments of torture and clothes every day. Mrs. Qi was heartbroken. She often sings a sad song: "the son is king, the mother is Lu, and the spring day is dusk all day long, often accompanied by death!" It's three thousand miles away. Who will sue you? " Lv Hou learned that Mrs Qi was counting on her son to save her.

I want to recall Ruyi to Chang 'an, and I want to put their mother and son together in si.

? Liu Ying was kind-hearted, and after learning of her mother's plot, she took Ruyi to the palace for protection. But Lv Hou found an opportunity to poison Liu Ruyi. Then the torture of Mrs. Qi is extremely abnormal. She ordered Mrs. Qi to cut off her hands and feet, gouge out her eyes, smoke her ears, fill them with medicine, and then throw them in the toilet. She was called a "human thief". Lv Hou also asked his son to visit, and Liu Ying was terrified out of her wits.

Tell him proudly that this is Mrs. Qi. Liu Ying was so scared that she burst into tears and said painfully, "This is not a human thing! As your son, I have no face to be an emperor anymore! " Liu Ying had a serious illness after he came back. From then on, he drank and made love every day, and he was no longer in a state of affairs.

? When Lv Hou saw that his son ignored politics, he seized all the power. She eliminated many prestigious old ministers and planted Lushi family members everywhere in North Korea. In order to ensure that her power will not be shared by her new spouse, she did something even more ridiculous. In the fourth year of Huidi (BC 19 1), she asked zhangyan, the daughter of Princess Luyuan, Liu Ying's own sister, to marry Liu Ying as the queen.

? Liu Ying strongly opposed this absurd marriage of an uncle marrying a niece, but was finally forced to accept it. But Liu Ying really didn't want to accept it, so she only became a nominal husband and wife with Queen Zhang. But Lv Hou wanted Zhang to have children to ensure Lv Hou's status. When Empress Lu saw that Queen Zhang had never been pregnant, she pretended to be pregnant, then took her son into the harem, killed his biological mother and made him a prince.

? Mother's cruelty made Liu Ying suffer a heavy mental shock again, and then her illness continued. In the seventh year of Emperor Hui of Han Dynasty (188 BC), Liu Ying, who had been in office for less than seven years, died at the age of 24. After his death, he was buried in Anling, the "filial" emperor of posthumous title. Under the rule of Liu Ying, the economy of the Western Han Dynasty continued to develop, and the national strength continued to increase, which laid a solid foundation for the later "rule of culture and scenery".