And I want to say that because of a poem, a city is on fire.
This poem makes the poet immortal, makes the city famous in the world, makes a bridge the first of more than 300 local ancient bridges, and makes a temple a yearning destination for Chinese and foreign tourists.
This city is called Suzhou. A city that people can't forget, a city that people can fall in love with at once.
In the west of Suzhou, there is a bridge called Qiao Feng, and not far from the bridge is a temple called Hanshan Temple.
Qiao Feng, a stone bridge on the Grand Canal outside Suzhou, is a common single-hole stone arch bridge in the south of the Yangtze River.
Because the bridge is closed for transporting grain at night, ships are not allowed to pass, and it has become an ideal stopping place, so it is named "Bridge Closure". Later, it was renamed "Qiao Feng" because of Zhang Ji's poems, and it has been passed down to this day.
The ancient town of Qiao Feng is located at the intersection of the Grand Canal, the ancient post road and the Fengjiang River. Two urban streets-Qiao Feng Street and Hanshan Temple Lane-are formed along the river, which is the city with the river and has the unique charm of a water town because of its water.
The ancient town of Qiao Feng is located in the main road of land and water transportation, with frequent boat trips and numerous business trips.
During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Qiao Feng became famous and reached unprecedented prosperity in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Tang Bohu has a poem: "Qiao Feng Road outside the Jinchang Gate is brightly lit and filled with smoke."
By the Qing Dynasty, Qiao Feng had become the largest grain distribution center in China, and there was a saying that "Qiao Feng listened to the price of rice on the pond".
In A.D. 1860, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom invaded Suzhou City, and the Qing army set the city on fire. Unfortunately, Shili Qiao Feng pond was in ruins.
For thousands of years, all visitors to Suzhou have come to Qiaofeng to appreciate Qiao Feng's poetry. Take a look at the Maple Bridge and listen to the bells of Hanshan Temple.
Why is this? Just because Zhang Ji, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a night-mooring near maple bridge.
This poem has also become a famous sentence that has been passed down for thousands of years, and it has been passed down by literati in past dynasties for thousands of years. Qiao Feng described in the poem has also become a famous tourist attraction in Suzhou, enduring for thousands of years.
Because of a poem, Zhang Jihuo has been on fire for thousands of years, and also let us know this Tang Dynasty poet.
Zhang Ji, a Chinese poet, was born in Xiangzhou, Han nationality.
His poems are hearty, incisive and profound, which have great influence on later generations.
In the 14th year of Tianbao, in 755 AD, the Anshi Rebellion broke out, Xuanzong fled hastily, and the prosperous Datang Jiangshan was tottering.
During this period, the political situation in Jiangnan was relatively stable, and many scholars fled to Jiangsu and Zhejiang to avoid chaos.
Zhang Ji is one of them.
To say that Zhang Ji was unlucky, he was admitted to the Jinshi in 753, and before he was sealed, the Tang Dynasty was in chaos.
One autumn night, the poet anchored at Fengqiao outside Suzhou. The beautiful scenery of autumn night in Jiangnan water town attracted the traveler with travel worries and made him write this poem with clear artistic conception.
It is worth mentioning that in the prosperous Tang Dynasty with abundant talents, Zhang Ji was not a master, and less than 50 poems were handed down. The most famous is the night parking near Fengqiao.
In "Three Hundred Tang Poems", only his poem was included.
However, Zhang Ji's poems are enough. Suzhou city has this poem, which is enough.
When Suzhou is mentioned and Hanshan Temple is mentioned, the first thing people can think of is a night-mooring near maple bridge.
This poem has been handed down for thousands of years. In history, many scholars not only came here because of this poem, but also left many intact a night-mooring near maple bridge stone tablets by Mo Bao, Yue Fei, Tang Bohu and Dong Qichang in Hanshan Temple.
Among them, Yu Yue, a calligrapher in the Qing Dynasty, is the most respected one, so a huge stone tablet can be seen in Qiao Feng Scenic Area, which has become a must in the scenic area and complements modern high-rise buildings.
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After the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Ji wrote this poem when he passed Hanshan Temple.
This poem accurately and delicately describes the observation and feelings of a passenger ship night sleeper on the night scene in late autumn in the south of the Yangtze River, and outlines scenes such as the setting of the moon, frosty nights, fishing on the river peak, and lonely boat passengers.
In addition, this poem also fully shows the author's yearning for travel, his worries about his home country, and his worries about being in troubled times and having no home. It is a masterpiece of writing troubles.
The sentences in the whole poem are vivid, emotional and picturesque, and the logical relationship between the sentences is very clear and reasonable, and the content is easy to understand.
The first two sentences mean that when the moon sets, crows crow, it's cold all over the sky, maple trees on the river and fishing on the boat, I can't sleep alone.
Qiao Feng: Outside Nagato, Suzhou. Berthing at night: To berth a ship at night.
Wuti: Speaking of crows, it is Wuti Town.
Frost all over the sky: frost can't cover the sky, and the word "frost" should be understood as severe cold; Frost is the image language of extremely cold air.
Jiang Feng: Generally interpreted as "the maple tree by the river", Jiang refers to Wusong River, which originates from Taihu Lake, flows through Shanghai and flows into the Yangtze River, commonly known as Suzhou River. Some people think it refers to "Jiangcun Bridge" and "Qiao Feng Bridge". "Qiao Feng" is located in the western suburb (Liuhe Gate) outside the south gate of Wuxian County. Its real name is "Qiao Feng", but it was changed to "Qiao Feng" because of this poem by Zhang Ji.
Fishing fire: generally speaking, "fishing fire" is the lamp on the fishing boat; Some people say that "fishing fire" is actually a fishing partner.
Worried about sleeping: the meaning of worrying about sleeping, this sentence personifies the words Jiang Feng and Yu Huo. However, people who don't understand poetry in later generations doubt how Jiang Feng can sleep on fire, so he attached a sentence saying that sleep on sorrow is the name of the mountain opposite Hanshan Temple.
This four-line poem is unified with the word "sorrow" The first two sentences are full of images: falling moon, crow, frosty sky, Jiang Feng, fishing fire, sleepless people, which creates an aesthetic situation with rich meanings and rhymes.
In the lonely Hanshan Temple outside Suzhou, the bell that rang in the middle of the night reached the passenger ship.
The last two sentences mean that the bell that rang in the middle of the night reached my passenger ship.
Gusu: Suzhou is another name, named after Gusu Mountain in the southwest of the city.
Hanshan Temple: Near Qiao Feng, it was built in the Southern Liang Dynasty. According to legend, it was named after Hanshan, a monk who lived here in the Tang Dynasty. In Xifengqiao Town, Suzhou today. The real name is Miaoliping Pagoda, also known as Qiao Feng Temple.
Another way of saying it, "Cold Mountain" refers to Cold Mountain, not the name of the temple. The temple has been rebuilt several times and is now newly built after the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. The temple bell was transported away by the Japanese army during World War II, and its whereabouts are unknown.
Midnight bell: Today's Buddhist temples ring bells in the middle of the night (Spring Festival), but they used to ring bells in the middle of the night, which is also called "impermanent bell" or "minute".
Ouyang Xiu, a great writer in the Song Dynasty, once questioned: "Poets are so greedy for good sentences that it doesn't make sense. This is a problem in writing articles, such as Zhang Ji's poem "The Midnight Bell Knocks on a Passenger Ship". Although the sentence is good, is it reasonable to ring the bell at midnight? " However, after many people's field visits, I learned that Buddhist temples in Suzhou and surrounding areas have the custom of knocking at midnight.
The last two sentences, the image of the city, the image of the temple, the image of the ship and the image of the bell, are an ethereal and far-reaching artistic conception. Lit a fishing fire in autumn night by the river, and the guest will smell the bell in the quiet night. The choice of all scenery is unique: one is static and one is dynamic, one is bright and the other is dark. The collocation of scenery and the artistic conception of characters have reached a high degree of tacit understanding and blending, which together formed this artistic realm that has become a model for later generations.
The whole poem begins with a word "sorrow". If Frost Night is a bit sad, doesn't Jiang Feng Fishing Fire also give the poet some light and warmth?
However, "worrying about sleep" is prominent in front of people. The loneliness and loneliness of the journey aroused the poet's sadness, and even met the waning moon and the sad cry of crows, and the frost covered the river. It forms a confused, sad and lonely background, and lays the tone of the whole poem with "sadness" as the center.
When people are in adversity (you can taste between the lines of poetry), the most taboo is that scenery hurts feelings. When the poet broke down under the maple bridge, he was already in a sad mood, but he insisted on the waning moon.
Travelers often show infinite concern for their families. It can be said that anxious to return is looking forward to reuniting with his family. However, he is lonely and sad.
The waning moon may give the poet an inexplicable omen, and it is also an ominous sign for the crow to moan! When people hear crows, they think of the unknown. How can the frost in the sky not make the poet shudder?
"Jiang Feng sleeps in the fire". The bright red maple leaves after frost and the scattered lights on fishing boats present a hazy beauty in the frosty night, adding a bit of pleasing charm to this moonlit picture of Qiu Jiang, and the picture has reached a flawless state!
However, when the author tried to render the beauty of the moonlit night in Qiu Jiang, he drew a word "sorrow" with a pencil beam. Why is the author worried? How worried are you? The more beautiful the scenery, the stronger the feelings (worries).
The poet faces the beautiful scenery, but he has no joy at all, tossing and turning. Why?
Looking back at the previous articles, such as The Moon sets, Crows crow and first frost mending the sky, as the saying goes, it's dark and I'm afraid of ghosts. What is the "ghost" in the poet's mind? Is it the gain and loss of his career, the ups and downs of his career? Or family, separation of relatives and friends? I didn't say it in the poem, so I don't know.
However, the poet has no intention of enjoying the night scene and is lonely and sleepless. It is not difficult for us to imagine his inner sadness. Depression is difficult to express, and it is really unclear in words.
From his fear of crows, it can be seen that there must be something (or someone) in his heart that worries him, even crows' crows make him uneasy.
Frost is an indispensable part of this moonlit picture of Qiu Jiang painted by the poet. Flying frost like jade crumbs gives people an elegant and noble aesthetic feeling. However, with "crying" and "worrying about sleep", this cream is a bit "bad".
Since the poet has been confused when he hears Wu Ti, isn't Fei Shuang chilling him? Interference is the reason why he is "worried about sleep".
"Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City, the bell rings at midnight to the passenger ship." At night, it's terribly quiet and it's hard to sleep.
The scenery in front of the poem is very dense, and six scenes are written in fourteen words, but the pictures behind it are particularly sparse. The two poems only wrote one thing: sleeping in the night clock of the mountain temple.
This is because the midnight bell of Hanshan Temple is the most vivid, profound and poetic impression the poet got in a night-mooring near maple bridge.
Moonsetting, Frosty Night, Fishing by the River, Lonely Boat and other scenes. It shows the characteristics of night parking near Fengqiao in all aspects, but it is not enough to convey its charm.
In the dark, people's hearing rises to the first place in the feeling of external things. And the silent night bell gives people a particularly strong impression.
In this way, the "Midnight Bell" not only sets off the quietness of the night, but also reveals the depth and clarity of the night. The poet's unspeakable feelings when lying listening to the bell are beyond words.