1. Treaties signed after the First Opium War:
After the defeat of the First Opium War, China and Britain signed the first unequal treaty in the history of China, the Sino-British treaty of nanking, also known as the Jiangning Treaty.
It is stipulated that China should open five ports: Guangzhou, Xiamen, Fuzhou, Ningbo and Shanghai. Cede the territory of China to Hongkong; China paid 2100000 USD. British import and export tariffs in China, China must be agreed with Britain. The signing of treaty of nanking made China a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.
China and Britain signed the Charter of Five Ports Trade and the Humen Treaty as supplementary treaties to the treaty of nanking, from which Britain gained privileges such as consular jurisdiction, unilateral MFN treatment, leasing land and houses at trading ports and permanent residency. It further damaged China's tariff and territorial sovereignty.
The United States and France took advantage of the fish in troubled waters to force China to sign the Sino-US Wang Xia Treaty and the Sino-French Huangpu Treaty. Through the signing of the above-mentioned series of treaties, China's territorial sovereignty, territorial sovereignty, judicial sovereignty and tariff sovereignty have all been damaged.
2. Treaties signed after the Second Opium War:
The Second Opium War was mainly the signing of Tianjin Treaty and Beijing Treaty. In this way, the Foreign Minister can stay in Beijing and China workers can go abroad.
3. Treaties signed after the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895:
After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, China and Japan signed the treaty of shimonoseki. The content stipulates that Liaodong Peninsula, Taiwan Province Province and its affiliated islands and Penghu Islands will be ceded to Japan. Compensation for Japanese military spending of 220 million silver; Open Shashi, Chongqing, Suzhou and Hangzhou as commercial ports, and Japanese ships can sail into these ports along inland rivers; ?
Japanese factories are allowed to set up factories at trading ports in China, and the products are shipped to the mainland of China without domestic tax. This is the most serious unequal treaty since treaty of nanking.
It brought serious harm to modern China society: treaty of shimonoseki reflected the demand of imperialism to export capital and carve up the world. The invasion of China by foreign capitalism has entered a new stage, and the degree of semi-colonization of China society has greatly deepened.
4. Treaties signed by Eight-Nation Alliance after its invasion of China:
After Eight-Nation Alliance's war of aggression against China, it signed the Xin Chou Treaty. The Xin Chou Treaty is a serious unequal treaty imposed on China by imperialist countries. In addition to extorting money from China, the great powers re-established the Qing government headed by Empress Dowager Cixi and continued to act as their agents in China.
Since then, the Qing government has completely become a tool for imperialism to rule China. The signing of the "Xin Chou Treaty" marks the complete establishment of the ruling order of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society in China and the formation of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society in China.