Current location - Music Encyclopedia - Today in History - The Origin and Legend of Wenjiang Town
The Origin and Legend of Wenjiang Town
Wenjiang township is located in the northeast of Wenjiang county, formerly known as Wenkouban, but later renamed Wenjiang because there is Wenjiang in China. Wenjiang is not an ordinary river. Originated in the south of Qingshui Town in Yong 'an City, it flows into Datian County after passing through Liyukeng Village in the south of Huai 'an, passing through Xiaping, Zhou Tao, Daan, Zhuban, Wenjiang, Dazhong, Dezhou, Cangzhou, Daan and Puxikou. In Song Dynasty, Wenjiang River was open to navigation. Its width varies from 15 m to 100 m, which is soothing and elegant, and can be used for wooden ships with a load of 4 tons. Even in the dry season, the water depth at the shallowest point is 0.3 meters. "Datian County Records" said: "The waterway starts from Qiongkou and goes from Wenjing to Youxiban Shuangxikou, with a total length of 30 kilometers." Qiongkou Village, located in Wenjiang Township, is the starting dock of Wenjiang. In the 1940s, there were 120 boatmen and 30 female ducks in the village. From the eleventh year to the twelfth year of the Song Dynasty (1184-1185), Zhu arrived at Qiongkou, then went back to Zhuban River and swam to Kuicheng.

Kuicheng is an ancient village in the mountains. There is a winding stream in front of the Longjing Temple in Shilian. In ancient times, it was suitable for poets to go boating and drown their sorrows by drinking. I saw that stream a few years ago, and the water couldn't carry the boat. Times have changed, and how much glory once existed only in the article. "Datian County Records" said: "There was Wenjiang Town in ancient times. Wenjiang River flows through its south gate from west to east, and Wenjiang Wharf is on the floodplain outside the south gate, paved with river pebbles to facilitate the loading and unloading of materials. Dozens of ships docked on the half-moon beach. When loading and unloading at night, the boat lights, stove fires and firewood illuminated by the roadside of the river beach illuminate the whole river beach, showing the prosperity of Wenjiang City Wharf. 1After the catastrophic flood in June, 960, the channel silted up, and the shallowest point in the dry season was only 0.15m, so the navigation of Wenjiang River was interrupted. Nowadays, transformation is no longer a punting. When a bridge crosses both banks, the car whizzes away at the other end of the bridge. At the same time, there is the endless river wind-from Xinqiao River to Wenjiang, the stream seems impatient and greedy, and refuses to abandon the soil at the foot of the mountain, or maybe not? Searching for the sea in a hurry, all the way shallow, leaving no pool; Or maybe Yamato likes act young? Look, the stream is getting thinner and thinner. First of all, Wolong

There is a dragon in the river. Because it can't always jump into the river, it makes waves every year, resulting in no harvest for the villagers every year. Later, a young man from other places came to this village. The young man is not only clever, but also a carpenter. He married a beautiful girl and gave birth to a girl. The little girl often plays with dragons by the river. Knowing that the dragon always wanted to cross the river, she asked her father to make a bench. The whole family put the dragon on the bench to help it cross the river. Since then, the weather has been fine, and there has never been a flood. In order to commemorate the dragon on the bench, the villagers tied it to the bench with straw to make the shape of Jackie Chan. Whenever they have leisure time, they dance dragons on the bench to show the harmony between man and nature and pray for good weather in the coming year. Since then, the villagers have been used to dancing dragons on benches, which has continued to this day.

Another legend is that a long time ago, there was an unprecedented drought. There were dry wells and rivers everywhere, and people prayed for rain. However, it didn't rain from beginning to end. Later, a dragon in the East China Sea was very sympathetic to people's tragic experience, regardless of the law and discipline, jumped out of the water, dropped nectar for the local area and saved countless lives. But the dragon suffered for it and was chopped into tens of millions of pieces and thrown into the world. People are very grateful for the kindness of the dragon, endured great grief, put the dragon's body on the board piece by piece, and ran around the clock to inform all people that the dragon will be resurrected together. It happened to be the Lantern Festival. Since then, the custom of dancing Wolong has been passed down from generation to generation. Bench dragon, in fact, is to tie transparent and exquisite plastic tissue paper to a long bench, decorate it with flowers of various colors, and place two candle grooves in it, drill round holes with a diameter of about 5 cm at both ends, and then connect them in series with hard wooden sticks with the same diameter of about 70 cm to light candles and patrol the village in the street. It has a long history of more than 1000 years. Lantern dragon is beautifully made, which integrates painting, calligraphy, sculpture and other arts with binding, production, editing and pasting, and integrates sports, acrobatics and dance in one furnace! The custom of welcoming dragons consists of a dragon ball, a dragon head, a dragon body (composed of every dragon in every household) and a dragon tail. Except for the dragon body, the rest are generally made and kept in the village. The dragon body is made up by various families. Use bamboo sticks to form a frame on the board, and then stick it on the outer layer with colored paper, transparent paper, plastic paper, etc. And then draw Long Lin or other designs with strokes, or write some auspicious words, such as "Five crops are abundant" and "Six livestock are prosperous". The practices and materials of the dragon head, dragon tail and dragon ball are roughly the same as those of the dragon body, but the shapes are more exquisite, dotted with scales, dragon whiskers and colored lights, which are far taller and more powerful than the dragon bodies of various families.

Second, the temple fair

The villagers have the custom of visiting temple fairs on New Year's Eve. In this activity, there is a team of hundreds of people, and under the organization of the team leader, hundreds of bells are issued. The scene is spectacular. Among the teams visiting the temple fair, the first team wearing uniform green and red clothes is the one who released the gun. Every time they walk, they will stop and organize the release of guns. Hundreds of firecrackers were set off at once in three or four minutes, only to see the flames splashing, smoke filled, thunder rumbling and earth-shattering. Equally spectacular is the team visiting the temple fair. Stretching for several kilometers, there is no end in sight, and the number of people keeps increasing during the March. Arriving at the center of the town, the crowd was so crowded that it was difficult to travel. Visiting temple fairs in Wenjiang Town is a traditional Spring Festival custom. The villagers attended the temple fair and prayed for peace and harvest in the coming year. The youngest once a year and the oldest once every five years, starting from the tenth day of the first month and lasting for several days. In addition to sacrificial activities, entertainment items such as lion dancing, singing opera and cooking performances have also been added. First, Tian Chong Pacific Insurance

1 Where does Wenjiang Tianchong Taibao come from?

There is a temple in Luoyanshan, Nanyang, Huacun Village, 26 kilometers away from Shaxian County. This temple is called Luo Yan Taibao Temple. It was founded in the early years. According to the inscription of an ancient clock existing in the temple, it is "six years of Song Jiaqing". It can be inferred that the ancient temple was built before 12 13 at the latest. However, the history of praying for snakes in Luo Yan Taibao Temple can be traced back to the primitive worship of snake gods by ancient Fujian ancestors.

2 How did Tian Chong Pacific Insurance become a god?

A: One day when the Jade Emperor went to the temple, Mr. Zao Fu from Banzhu Village came out to play and said, "There are 300 stoves in Banzhu Village, and the people don't do good. The wicked make a living by doing so much evil and don't believe in heaven and earth. " The jade emperor was furious at the play: "You must act. In other words, Zhong Ling, the messenger of plague propaganda, ordered to reduce the epidemic and destroy the people in Banzhu Village. " The official led the delegation to North Korea, Lower Border and Land to meet him. Zhong Shenshen said, "When the Jade Emperor heard that people in this village don't believe in good deeds, he was furious and could kill him. He sent people to earth. You can put this medicine in various wells for everyone to drink at the end of tomorrow, so that all the people in his village will be killed. " The land said, "If people here don't believe in goodness, they should be destroyed. Only one of them, surnamed Lei Mingqiong, sells tofu for a living. He has a kind heart and often plants good roots. Charity is the most important thing, and this person should not harm him. Letter envoy: "Good people want to save, others don't want to sell. "Medicine commanded the land. The land took medicine, changed to an old man, and went to the well to wait. Just when Lei Qiong came to fetch water to make tofu, the land behind Joan said, "You should carry more water for this water. If you put the medicine in this water tomorrow, people will die and can't eat it. " Joan didn't see him when she heard her look back. Joan was frightened and said to herself, "If the God in heaven brings medicine into the well tomorrow, it will hurt people in a village, so that I can know and hide it." Steal your life? If you don't want to die, if you save a village, it's also yin gong. As the old saying goes,' It is better to believe what it has than what it has.' "The next day together from the skylight, until the well waiting. See if it's true. I saw an old man holding a bag of medicine and preparing to put it into the well. Joan grabbed it forward, and the land was frightened and was about to take it back. The man swallowed it in one breath, and immediately died of a fever and his limbs were black. Terrified by the land, he immediately took a man with three souls and seven spirits to the Tianguan to see the Jade Emperor. Hearing this, the Jade Emperor named Lei Qiong Marshal Wen, wearing a people's hat and presented him with a golden flower engraved with the word "Hao Xia". He goes in and out of Tianmen, and he is a teacher in the lower world. Lei Qiong thanked the emperor and forgave a village. The jade emperor must play. Lei Qiong moved to Banzhu Village, and everyone in the village turned over a new leaf and did good deeds. This marshal Wen (Wen) is really a hero who sacrificed his life for righteousness! After his death, he held an important position in Wen Yin to assist the work of Emperor Dongyue, which should be very competent.

B: The process of Lei Qiong's immortality described in the article "Taibao Temple in Akakura" written by Comrade Fang Jintian based on the book "Range Rover of Shaxian Religion" is basically the same as the above, except that the poisoner is not a land god, but five ghosts. In most Taibao temples in our county, the statues of Taibao are made according to the legend of "five ghosts" poisoning.

According to legend, Lei Qiong found five ghosts poisoning, so he rushed forward, grabbed the poison and swallowed it. He cut three evil spirits with an axe, and Lei Qiong tied the heads of three evil spirits around his waist to continue chasing the other two. At this moment, the poison came. Lei Qiong glared at the front, with long hair fluttering, a big axe in his left hand and two fingers in his right hand, and only one shoe fell to the ground at his feet. This is the case with the statue of Taibao carved by the people. The statue of Taibao in Luo Yan Temple was created when the Jade Emperor was sealed.

Idol features: black face-Yin Wen occupies an important position and presents a golden flower-Marshal Wei Lingwen wears a people's hat-and sacrifices his life for the people's interests.

Other names of Wenjiang Tianchong Taibao include: Snake God, also known as "Snake Yue Taibao", or "Luo Yan Taibao", also known as Yuxi Taibao, a dashing prince.

Second, wealthy men.

As for the source of the rich man, there is a legend handed down from generation to generation in Zhuban Village. Datian County, where Zhuban Village is located, is located in Zhongshan District, Fujian Province. Since ancient times, there are abundant iron ore, coal mine and other mineral resources. In the Song Dynasty, the imperial court sent a eunuch to the location of Zhuban Village to be responsible for mining iron ore. The eunuch hoped to complete the task smoothly, and invited the protector-the rich man-from his hometown of Jiangxi when he came over. Since then, the belief in the rich has spread in the village. In addition to the annual festivals, the origin of drama is also related to ancient sacrifices. Whether it is the national opera in Europe or the national opera in the East, its origin can be traced back to ancient sacrificial songs and dances. In the feudal society where theocracy ruled personnel, people prayed for rain, fire prevention, disaster elimination and blessing, all by worshipping gods for their blessing. Therefore, singing and dancing to the gods has become a custom. The early activities of rewarding the gods were mostly held in the form of singing and dancing drums, which were later absorbed. Like the Nuo opera, the Kuogong opera in Zhuban Village is a kind of sacrifice to the gods. In the early days, people created a special form of song and dance to worship the Lord Guo. Later, influenced by other operas, new elements were constantly added to the inheritance, which led to the Guo Gong Opera we see today. Singing opera in the Spring Festival is a kind of folk culture inheritance. Nowadays, it is not common to see a play in the city during the Spring Festival. I'm afraid many people didn't think of it. This drama, staged by themselves, is like their own Spring Festival Gala, which sings the performances of ordinary people for the New Year, including eight plays, including Master sitting on the stage, inviting the public to invite God, and the judges to supervise the production.

PS: The National Public Opera started the declaration of national intangible cultural heritage in an all-round way.