1939 September1~ Bode War on September 30th.
1 At 4: 45 a.m. on September 4, 2000, about10.5 thousand German troops marched into Poland under the cover of 2,300 planes and 2,600 tanks, and World War II broke out in an all-round way. On September 27th, Warsaw fell. On the 30th, Poland announced its surrender.
1940 From May to June, Germany attacked the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxemburg, and in the same month, it bypassed heavily defended maginot line and invaded France. 15, the Netherlands surrendered. On the 28th, Belgium surrendered.
1940 From May 26th to June 4th, more than 338,000 British and French troops (including French troops123,000) retreated from the French town of Dunkirk to Britain. 14, the Germans occupied Paris. /kloc-in 0/6, H.P. Betan took over as French Prime Minister. 17, the Germans advanced from the rear to the Swiss border, and the second and third army groups of the French army were besieged. On the same day, the French government demanded a truce, and signed the Compiegne Armistice Agreement with Germany on the 22nd, agreeing that Germany would occupy northern France and the Atlantic coast, and announced its withdrawal from the war and disarming the French fleet. On the 25th, France completely ceased fire.
1940 July10 ~10/0/October 3 1 Battle of Britain
1941On June 22nd, Germany raided the Soviet Union and the Soviet-German war broke out (World War II further expanded).
194 1 65438+On February 7th, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor (expanded to the largest scale in World War II).
1942 on may 7 ~8, a naval battle broke out in the coral sea (the Japanese army suffered setbacks for the first time).
1June 4-6, 942, Japan and the United States went to war in the waters of midway (the turning point of the Pacific War).
1942 July17 ~1943 February 2, the Battle of Stalingrad (the turning point of the European battlefield)
1942101October 23rd ~101October 4th, the Battle of El Alamein (the turning point of the North African battlefield).
1943 July10 ~ August 17 Sicily landing campaign (the beginning of the end of Italian fascism)
1September 8, 943, Italy surrendered and Mussolini stepped down (Axis collapse).
1June 6 ~ July 944 18 Normandy Landing Campaign (Allied Forces Open the Second Battlefield in Europe)
1May 8, 945 Nazi Germany surrendered ("Victory Day in Europe")
1945 April1~ July 2 Okinawa campaign (the last struggle of Japanese fascists)
1945 from August 6 to 9, the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki respectively (the first use of nuclear weapons in the war).
Japan declared its unconditional surrender. On September 2, Japan signed a surrender book (the end of World War II).
From 1 September 19391to1September 2, 1945, World War II lasted for six years, * * * more than 2,000 days.
A Brief Introduction to the Major Events of Germany's Division and Unification (Full)
1933 Shortly after Hitler came to power, he pushed Germany onto the road of launching foreign aggression, allied with the fascist regime of Mussolini in Italy and Japanese militarism, and launched the Second World War. 19411On February 9th, China declared a state of war with Germany while fighting Japanese imperialist aggression. Nazi Germany was defeated by the world anti-fascist forces and surrendered on May 8, 1945.
1February 4, 945 to 1 1 February 4, the leaders of the Soviet Union, the United States and Britain met in Yalta, Crimea, the Soviet Union, to discuss the plan to finally defeat and occupy Nazi Germany. The meeting decided that the armies of the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain and France would occupy Germany, the defeated country, abolish or confiscate the German arms industry, and hand over the main war criminals to the international court for trial.
1In June, 945, the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain and France set up the Allied Control Committee to occupy Germany by region, and * * * handled the affairs concerning the overall situation of Germany. Berlin is also divided into four occupied areas, under the leadership of the Allied Control Committee, under the unified management of the Allied Berlin Defense Command. This is the beginning of the partition of Germany.
1945 From July to August 2, the heads of the Soviet Union, the United States and Britain met again in Potsdam near Berlin and signed the Potsdam Agreement. The agreement provides for the establishment of a meeting of foreign ministers of China, the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain and France to prepare for the conclusion of a peace treaty after the Second World War; Delineate the borders of Germany, Poland and other countries; Determine the occupation of Germany by the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain and France, and discuss other issues among member States.
1On June 20th, 948, the occupied areas of the United States, Britain and France merged, and the new currency system of Deutsche Mark was implemented. Germany began to split the economy.
1949 On May 23rd, the Constitutional Assembly of the areas controlled by the United States, Britain and France passed the Basic Law, and the occupied areas of the United States, Britain and France declared the establishment of the Federal Republic of Germany. In the same year1October 7th, 10, the German Democratic Republic was born in the Soviet area. Germany officially split in two.
1952, 10 in March, the Soviet government wrote to the governments of the United States, Britain and France about concluding a peace treaty with Germany, suggesting that the issue of concluding a peace treaty with Germany should be discussed immediately, and an all-German government should be established as soon as possible to draft a peace treaty.
1On May 9, 955, West Germany joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.1On May 4, Mingde concluded a treaty of friendship, cooperation and mutual assistance with the Soviet Union and eight eastern European countries, forming the Warsaw Treaty Organization, a military and political alliance. Europe split into two opposing military blocs.
Since then, East and West Germany have been at the forefront of the "cold war" and confrontation between the East and the West, and they are hostile and rivals to each other. The Basic Law of West Germany calls for German unification with free self-determination. Although Mingde asked for the reunification of Germany and Germany in the early 1950s, he later gave up this request and thought that "reunification was unrealistic".
1961August 13, Mingde built the Berlin Wall, blocking all traffic between East and West Berlin. The new Constitution adopted by Mingde 1968 stipulates that it is the requirement of the German Democratic Republic to establish and maintain normal relations and cooperation between Germany and Germany on the basis of equality. However, West Germany insists that the two Germans are not foreign to each other and does not recognize that there are two German nations.
In the 1970s, the hostility and confrontation between East and West Germany eased. 1972 on may 26th, the governments of east and west Germany signed the first inter-state treaty in Berlin, namely the general agreement on transportation and communication.
1972 1 February 2, 20081day, West Germany and Mingde signed a treaty on the basis of the relations between the two countries, confirming that East and West Germany should establish normal good-neighborly relations with each other on the basis of equality and "set up permanent representative offices with each other".
1September 1973 18, East Germany and West Germany joined the United Nations at the same time.
In the 1980s, with the development and changes of the world and Europe, the relationship between Germany and Germany also evolved.
1984 in February, German Chancellor Kohl and General Secretary of the German Unified Socialist Party honecker met in Moscow and issued a statement, stressing that peace between Germany and Germany has played a favorable role in the development of Europe.
1In March 1985, Kohl and honecker met again in Moscow, expressing their willingness to develop bilateral relations on the basis of the basic treaty on bilateral relations signed by Germany in 1972, and never allowing another war to break out on German soil.
1September, 987, honecker visited West Germany for the first time.
1988 September 14, East and West Germany reached an agreement including transit and highway expansion again to further develop mutual transportation.
1 on March 30th, 989, Mingde announced that the conditions for Mingde people to travel to West Germany would be relaxed from April1day.
Since August 1989, a large number of German citizens have flooded into West Germany.
198910 June 18, General Secretary honecker announced his resignation and krenz took over as General Secretary. 165438+1On October 9th, Mingde announced the opening of the Berlin Wall and the border between the two countries.
Author: Stupid Horse Sharps the Knife 2006- 10-3 12: 33 Reply to this speech.
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A brief account of the major events of Germany's division and reunification (full text)
1989165438+1On October 28th, Kohl put forward a unified "ten-point plan" in Germany.
1989 12 19 to 20, Premier Cole visited Mingde, and the leaders of the two countries agreed that the two sides would establish a treaty with economic cooperation as the central content.
1 990 February1day, Moderow, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of People's Republic of China (PRC), put forward a "four-step plan" for the reunification of Germany.
1on February 7, 990, the west german government suggested to mingde to start negotiations on monetary union and economic reform immediately. On June 38, 2003, Moderow and Cole held talks in Bonn. The two sides indicated that they would achieve the goal of German reunification within Europe, and the two countries also reached an agreement on the establishment of an expert committee on monetary union.
1990 February 13, the foreign ministers of the United States, the Soviet Union, Britain, France and Germany agreed to hold a "two plus four" foreign ministers' meeting in Ottawa to discuss and solve "external problems" related to reunification.
1990 March 18, the German general election was announced, and the German alliance won and formed a cabinet. De Mezier, President of Christian Democratic Union, became Prime Minister.
1990, 18 In May, two Germans signed a national treaty on establishing a monetary, economic and social union. 1 July, the treaty came into effect. The Deutschmark replaced the Deutschmark, and Germany fully introduced the current legal system of West Germany in the monetary, economic and social fields.
1On August 2, 990, the two German governments initialled an election treaty and decided to hold a general election in Germany on February 2, 65438.
1August 3, 9901day, the German government signed the Unification Treaty to realize political reunification.
1990 12 In September, the foreign ministers of the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain, France and Germany held the fourth "two plus four" talks in Moscow and signed the Treaty on the Final Settlement of the German Problem. The treaty made a series of provisions on Germany's border, military and political status, ended the rights and responsibilities of the four major countries to Germany, and the unified Germany enjoyed full sovereignty.
On September 26th, the German Parliament ratified the German unification treaty.
1990 10 10/day, the foreign ministers of Britain, France, the United States, the Soviet Union and Germany signed a declaration in new york, announcing that Britain, France, the United States and the Soviet Union would stop exercising power in Berlin and Germany.
1990101October 3, the reunification of Germany.
Attachment: The relationship between China and Germany.
1On April 7th, 955, People's Republic of China (PRC) President Mao Zedong issued an order, which said: "China declared a state of war with Germany on February 9th, 194 1 because Hitler Germany launched a fascist war of aggression that undermined world peace and supported the Japanese war of aggression against China." The command declared, "1. The state of war between the German people and China has ended, and peaceful relations should be established between the two countries. Second, the end of the state of war between People's Republic of China (PRC) and Germany does not change Germany's international obligations. At the same time, this will not affect the rights and obligations of the people of China and People's Republic of China (PRC) under international agreements on Germany. " On the issue of German reunification, our government and people have always sympathized with and understood the German people's desire for national reunification.
10 On 3 October, Vice Premier Wu of the State Council said in a meeting with German Ambassador to China Han Peide, "The China government and the people of China have always understood, sympathized with and supported the German people's desire for reunification. We respect the choice of the German people and welcome Germany to finally achieve peaceful reunification "; The government and people of China hope that German reunification will benefit the peace, stability and development of Europe and the world. China used to have good relations with two Germans, and is willing to strengthen and develop the existing friendly relations with the unified Germany on the basis of the Five Principles of Peace in the future.
Chronology of major events in Germany
Germans lived in this territory in BC.
In 9 AD (Han Dynasty in China), the Germans defeated the Romans.
Tribes gradually formed in the 2nd-3rd century.
75 1-987 In the 800th year of Carolingian dynasty, Charlemagne was crowned emperor by the Pope in Rome.
In 843, Charlemagne's descendants divided the empire into three parts, of which East Frank later formed the German state.
9 1 1 year, the first king of Germany, Conrad, ascended the throne, which was an early feudal country.
In 962, Otto I proclaimed himself emperor and established the Holy Roman Empire.
1092 the first crusade.
The heyday of knight culture 1 1 18.
The Hanseatic League was founded in 124 1 year.
/kloc-in the middle of the 0/3rd century, a feudal regime was formed.
1346 European epidemic plague.
1386 Heidelberg University was founded.
Czech religious reformer John Huss was burned at the stake by the Vatican.
1450, Jahani Gutenberg invented movable type printing.
15 17 Martin Luther published a 95-point program, which started the religious revolution.
/kloc-the peasant war broke out in the 0/6th century.
Thirty years' war.
170 1 year, Brandenburg chose Marquis country as "Prussia Kingdom".
1806 Napoleon entered Berlin, and the "Holy Roman Empire" of the German nation ended.
18 15 Napoleon was defeated, and the alliance of Britain, Russia, Prussia and Austria rose, forming a "Germanic Confederation" according to the Vienna Conference.
1835 The first railway in Germany was opened to traffic between Nuremberg and Felt.
1848, revolutions broke out all over Germany.
King William I of Prussia appointed Bismarck as Prime Minister.
1866, Prussia defeated Austria in the "Seven Weeks War" and established the North German Federation the following year.
1870- 187 1 year Franco-Prussian War.
187 1 At the end of the Franco-Prussian War in, Germany defeated France, annexed the southern German states and established a unified "German Empire" with the Prussian king as the emperor.
19 14 Germany launched the first world war.
Defeat, empire collapse, Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated.
19 19- 1933 "Weimar Republic".
1933 After Hitler came to power, the German Third Reich was established.
1939 Germany launched World War II.
1On May 8th, 945, Germany was defeated and surrendered. After the war, according to the Potsdam Agreement, Germany was divided by the United States, Britain, France and the Soviet Union, and the Allied Control Committee of the four countries took over the supreme power of Germany. Berlin is also divided into four occupied areas.
1June 20, 948, the occupied areas of the United States, Britain and France merged.
1949, the Federal Republic of Germany was established in the western occupied area controlled by the United States, Britain and France. In June 5438+10 in the same year, a democratic republic was established in the eastern Soviet area, and Germany was formally split into two countries.
The Berlin Wall was established in 196 1 year, and Berlin is divided into East Berlin and West Berlin.
From May 1989, a large number of citizens left the former East Germany. At the beginning of 5438+ 10, large-scale demonstrations broke out in many cities in East Germany, demanding the relaxation of overseas travel and media freedom, and the President of East Germany immediately resigned. The Berlin Wall fell.
1990, Chancellor Kohl of the Federal Republic of Germany put forward a plan to unify Germany and Germany. 1On June 3rd, 990, East Germany formally joined the Federal Republic of Germany. The original 14 region was changed to five states to adapt to the organizational system of the Federal Republic of Germany and merged into the Federal Republic of Germany. Two Germans who have been divided for more than 40 years have finally been unified.
Gao Guanzhong wrote the Grand View of German Cities. ※