Another name for sapporo chrysanthemum
Sapporo chrysanthemum, alias pink butterfly flower, baby dazzle, glazed Tang grass.
Morphological characteristics of chrysanthemum
Sapporo chrysanthemum is a plant with beautiful flowers. It is a kind of flower with bright flowers, mainly sky blue. Its plants are not tall, but it is very suitable for potted flowers and flower beds.
Cultural Significance of Chrysanthemum in Sapporo
Sapporo chrysanthemum is called baby's blue eyes, and in Japanese it is called glazed tangcao. I forgive your sweet words, patriotism and pity. Its gorgeous language is a lie.
Distribution of chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum is widely distributed in many places in China, including Taiwan Province, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Sichuan, Gansu and Hebei. In addition, India, Bhutan, the Philippines, Japan and other countries are also distributed.
Introduction to Chrysanthemum _ Chrysanthemum
Introduction of Artemisia selengensis _ Artemisia selengensis
(alias: Artemisia scoparia)
Chrysanthemum in Compositae.
Scientific name: Chrysanthemum.
English name:
Origin: Unknown origin, cultivated in southern China.
Breeding method: sowing.
Flowering and fruiting period: the flowering period is from March to June, and the fruiting period is autumn.
Sunshine: Full sunshine.
Temperature: The optimum growth temperature is 18℃ ~ 28℃.
Soil: I like loose and fertile loam.
Humidity: I like humidity.
morphological character
Perennial perennial herbs, plant height 40 ~ 100 cm. Basal leaves oblanceolate with long stalks, cauline leaves sessile and linear. The flower head is solitary at the top of the stem, with white fragrant tongue-shaped flowers and bisexual yellow tubular flowers. achene
use as ornament
Potted plants can be used for balcony or roof decoration; Suitable for flower beds, flower borders or roadside cultivation and viewing.
Chrysanthemum and chrysanthemum breeding method
Guayeju, the breeding method of Guayeju alias: Cucumber Flower, Thousand-Day Lotus, Gua Ye Lian, Senecio Senecio.
Origin: Atlantic Canary Islands
Flowering period: winter
Sunshine: I like sunny, cool and ventilated environment, but I want to avoid direct glare.
Temperature: I like warm weather conditions in winter, and cool weather conditions in summer. I don't like cold frost and high temperature.
Soil: I like fertile soil with good drainage.
Moisture: avoid dryness and water accumulation, too much moisture can easily rot the roots.
Sowing soil can be humus soil and fine sand. After the pot soil is saturated with water, spread the seeds evenly on the soil surface, with fine sand slightly covered, and the thickness is that the seeds cannot be seen. Cover the basin with glass or plastic film to keep it warm and moist. At 20℃, it can germinate within 7- 10 days. After it appears, gradually open the glass for ventilation. When the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, pour 1 times diluted liquid fertilizer and transplant into a small flowerpot with a diameter of 10 cm; When 5-6 true leaves grow, they can be planted in flowerpots with a diameter of about 20 cm.
In addition to the base fertilizer, topdressing 1 time every 7- 10 days during the growth period of chrysanthemum morifolium can also use diluted chemical fertilizer. After the flower buds appear, 1-2 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1000 times can be applied, and fertilization can continue until flowering (rainy season stops). If the leaves are polluted during fertilization, they should be cleaned in time.
Chrysanthemum leaves are big and thin, so it is necessary to keep enough water, but the pot soil should not be too wet to keep the leaves from wilting. Usually watering should be based on the wet and dry conditions of the basin soil. After drying, water it for 2-3 days 1 time. Clean water can be used to spray water on the blades 1 time every day, and water can be sprayed twice in hot days to reduce the temperature and increase the air humidity. After the bud appears, the water should be controlled as much as possible, and the flowering period can be prolonged to 30-40 days by placing the flowerpot in a cool environment at 8- 12℃.
With the growth of plants, the spacing between pots should be adjusted in time. Usually it can be maintained in a sunny place, but it should be kept in a semi-shady place in summer to avoid direct sunlight. Practice has proved that the leaves of Chrysanthemum morifolium growing in the sunny place are thick and dark, with bright colors; If the light is insufficient, it will easily lead to excessive growth and affect flowering; Under strong direct light, the leaves of chrysanthemum will be curly, dry and lifeless. In addition, chrysanthemum has a strong phototaxis. If a plant is exposed to the sun for a long time, it will grow very long and affect its appearance. Therefore, the flowerpot should be rotated 1 time every 7- 10 days during the growing period, so that the back-facing surface faces the sunny surface, so as to keep the plant shape symmetrical.
The main pests and diseases of Guayeju are powdery mildew, verticillium wilt and aphids.
(1) Powdery Mildew: At seedling stage and flowering stage, if the room temperature is high and the air humidity is high, powdery mildew is most likely to occur on leaves, and in severe cases, it can infect petioles, shoots and flower buds. At the beginning, scattered and inconspicuous white spots appear on the leaves, and then the whole leaves can be covered with gray powdery mildew. After the plant is damaged, the leaves and shoots are twisted and withered, and the growth is weak, and some of them can't bloom at all. When the disease is serious, it will cause the leaves to wither and even the whole plant to die.
Prevention and control methods: ① Keep good ventilation conditions indoors and increase light; (2) control watering and appropriately reduce air humidity; ③ Remove the diseased leaves immediately after the onset, and spray 50% carbendazim 1000 times solution or topaz 800- 1000 times solution in time to prevent the spread.
(2) Verticillium wilt: The disease is mainly caused by virus pathogen. The affected plants have strong tillering ability, inflorescence expansion is restrained, color turns green, development is abnormal, and white flowers are occasionally seen. Viruses are usually spread by leafhoppers.
Control methods: ① Potassium fertilizer can be applied properly in the growth period to enhance the disease resistance of plants and reduce the chance of virus infection; ② Spraying 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection can play a preventive role; (3) When plants are found to be infected with viruses, the diseased plants should be immediately pulled out and burned to prevent the spread.
(3) Aphids: Aphids often occur if there is poor ventilation during the growing period. When the pest is serious, spray 40% omethoate 1500-2000 times for control.
There are two ways of propagation: sowing and cutting, but sowing is the main way.
(1) sowing method: the sowing date depends on the required flowering period, and it can be sown in Beijing from February to September. Sowing is carried out in a shallow basin or a sowing box, and 3 parts of fine sand or humus, sand 1 part and loam 1 part are mixed, screened and disinfected before use. Sowing is carried out by sowing, and covering the soil is based on not seeing the seeds. After sowing, cover the pot with glass to keep the humidity, and pad one side of the glass slightly, leaving a small gap to facilitate ventilation, and cover it with newspapers or reed curtains. The optimum temperature for germination is 265438 0℃, and it can germinate in 3-5 days, and the germination rate is about 60%. After germination, the glass gap is gradually increased and the sunshade is removed to facilitate ventilation and light transmission and avoid white growth of seedlings.
(2) Cutting method: usually in May-June. After flowering, select axillary buds with full growth, the bud length is 6-8 cm, remove the big leaves at the base, and leave 2-4 tender leaves to be inserted in the coarse river sand. After transplanting, keep the sand moist and take root in 20-30 days. Cuttings can also choose the lower axillary buds removed when seedlings are planted. Cutting is only used for double-petal varieties that are not easy to bear fruit.
White chrysanthemum pests and their control methods
Chrysanthemum morifolium likes cold environment, and hot environment in summer is easily disturbed by pests. Once domestic potted chrysanthemum is infected with pests, it is not as simple as spraying pesticides. Look at the specific method!
White chrysanthemum pest: aphid
Aphids are the only way for each flower to mature, and April-May and 9- 10 are the two reproductive peaks. At the time of onset, there will be many white bugs on the leaves of white chrysanthemum.
Prevention and cure method
(1) Always check the tops of plants, the bottoms of buds and petals. If aphids are found, wipe them off in time and wash them with soapy water or clean water.
② Spraying 10% imidacloprid wettable powder or net emulsion 1000- 15000 times to aphids at night.
White Chrysanthemum Pest: Pieris rapae
It occurs from April to 10 every year, which mainly harms the terminal buds and tender shoots of plants, and is rarely maintained at home.
Prevention and cure method
Check the plants regularly. Once the pests are found, exterminate them in time, and spray 20% triadimefon 1000 times or 5% Ruijinte suspension 1000- 1500 times at night.
White chrysanthemum pest: foot moth
It usually appears in early August, and the foot moth only eats leaves and buds, which affects the flowering of plants.
Prevention and cure method
Check the valuable plants frequently. If pests are found, kill 1000 times with 2 1%, or spray 1.8% avermectin 1500 ~ 2000 times at night.