Buckwheat originated in China and has a long cultivation history and rich cultivation experience. The earliest buckwheat was unearthed in No.4 Han Tomb in Yangjiawan, Xianyang, Shaanxi, more than 2,000 years ago. In addition, Ma Quan in Xianyang, Shaanxi Province and Mozizi in Wuwei, Gansu Province also unearthed artifacts before and after the Han Dynasty.
Buckwheat is a short-term crop. When the sunshine length is reduced from 15 ~ 16 hours to 12 ~ 14 hours, the growth period is shortened, and late-maturing varieties are more sensitive than middle-early-maturing varieties. Each plant can bloom more than 2000 flowers, but the seed setting rate is very low. Only about 10%, and the assimilation ability of leaves is weak, and flowers and fruits fall off seriously.
Buckwheat is a crop that needs more water, twice as much as millet and twice as much as wheat. Seeds need to absorb about 50% of their dry weight when they germinate. A lot of water needs to be consumed during flowering and fruiting.
It takes twice as much water from flowering to harvest as from emergence to flowering. Flowering period is the peak of water demand. Its transpiration coefficient is generally 450 ~ 630. The relative humidity of air should not be lower than 30 ~ 40%.
The yield of buckwheat is mainly composed of the number of plants per mu, the number of grains per plant and the 1000-grain weight, which are all related to the density. Reasonable close planting is to make full and effective use of light, water, gas, heat and nutrients to coordinate the contradiction between groups and individuals.
On the premise of maximizing population development, we should ensure the healthy growth and development of individuals and maximize the number and weight of grains per unit area in order to obtain high yield.
It can be seen that density has a great influence on the number and weight of grains per plant, and it is of great significance to coordinate the relationship among yield factors through reasonable close planting and other cultivation measures to improve yield.