Test analysis: In 1930s, when Stalin was in power, the Soviet Union established a highly centralized Stalin model. In this mode. Due to the one-sided development of heavy industry, agriculture and light industry have been in a backward state for a long time, and the improvement of people's living standards is slow; Combined with the lame figure in the picture, we can know that the proportion of the national economy is unbalanced. B's expression of "far ahead" is wrong, C's expression of "advanced food, clothing, housing and transportation" is wrong, and D's expression of "healthy development" is wrong, so A meets the question.

Comments: evaluating Stalin's model:

(1) progressive significance:

(1) has opened up a planned economic system and a new industrialization model different from the market economy.

In this mode, the state can allocate manpower, material resources and financial resources according to a unified plan, and achieve rapid economic development in a relatively short period of time. Through two five-year plans, the Soviet Union quickly realized industrialization. (1937, the industrial output value ranks first in Europe and second in the world);

The rapid growth of national economic strength laid a material foundation for the victory of the anti-fascist war.

(2) serious shortcomings:

The one-sided development of heavy industry has led to the long-term backwardness of agriculture and light industry, and the slow improvement of people's living standards;

(2) The state demands too much from farmers, and farmers are not enthusiastic about production;

(3) Long-term implementation of planning instructions has suppressed the enthusiasm of local and enterprises and hindered the sustainable development of the Soviet economy;

(4) Without effective reform, this system became increasingly rigid and became an important reason for the disintegration of the Soviet Union.