The most developed tourism industry is Guangzhou. Guangzhou has Guang Zhouta, Chenjia Temple, the former site of Whampoa Military Academy, Guangzhou Grand Theatre, Guangdong Museum and other scenic spots.

2. Tourism in Guangdong

Guangdong has a long history. 1.3 million years ago, Maba people in Qujiang lived here. It is said that ancient times was the land of Baiyue (Guangdong), so it was called Guangdong for short. Qin Shihuang unified China. In the thirty-third year of the first emperor (2 14 BC), Nanhai County and Panyu (now Guangzhou) were established. Han JIAOZHOU. Sun Wu belongs to the Three Kingdoms. Lingnan Road was built by Guangdong and Guangxi in the Tang Dynasty. In 993, Song Chunhua was renamed Guangnan Road. Guangdong Road was founded in Yuan Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, Guangdong Provincial Publicity and Comfort Station was established, and later it was changed to Guangdong Provincial Publicity and Administration Department. Guangdong Province was founded in the Qing Dynasty and has existed ever since. Guangdong Province, located at the southernmost tip of Chinese mainland and south of Lingnan in 3354, belongs to a tropical and subtropical region with low latitude. It borders Fujian in the east, Guangxi in the west, Jiangxi and Hunan in the north, and Taiwan Province and Hainan across the sea in the southeast. This plot starts from the border of Tuolin, Fujian and Guangdong in Raoping County in the east, reaches the border of Luyue in Lianjiang County in the west, reaches the southernmost tip of xuwen county in Leizhou Peninsula in the south, and reaches the northernmost tip of Shangqitou Village in Lechang County in the north. 20 12/-253 1, north latitude10945-11720 east longitude; It is about 800 kilometers long from east to west and 655 kilometers long from north to south, covering an area of 654.38+077,900 square kilometers, accounting for 4.9% of the country. At the end of 2003, the permanent population of the province was 79.5422 million. Guangdong is a multi-ethnic province. Besides the Han nationality, there are 42 ethnic minorities in China, including Yao, Zhuang, Hui, Manchu, She, Li and Miao, accounting for about 0.6% of the American population in this province. Guangdong has obvious regional differentiation, including Nanling Mountain, Lingnan Hill and Leizhou Peninsula Platform. In the natural zone, it spans three zones and basically overlaps with three natural zones: central subtropical zone, southern subtropical zone and marginal tropical zone. There are three types of landforms from north to south: mountains, hills and plains (including terraces), which form three steps, namely, the mountainous area in northern Guangdong, which consists of three rows of arc mountain systems (Ling Wei-Dageng Mountain, Dadongshan-Yaoshan Mountain and Lianshan-Luoke Mountain-Nankun Mountain), with an altitude of1000-1. The second step is the hilly areas in central Guangdong, including the low mountain areas in eastern Guangdong and western Guangdong (Phoenix Mountain, Lotus Mountain and Luofu Mountain in eastern Guangdong, Tianlu Mountain, Wuyun Mountain and Yunkaishan Mountain in western Guangdong, etc. ). The sea level is mostly 300-700 meters, and a few mountains exceed 1000 meters. The third level is terraces and plains in southern Guangdong, with terraces below 50 meters above sea level, plains below 5 meters above sea level, terraces in Leizhou Peninsula as the largest terrace and the Pearl River Delta as the largest plain. The three steps descend step by step from north to south, and incline to the South China Sea, forming the landform pattern of Guangdong. Guangdong is located in the subtropical high and trade winds in the northern hemisphere. The ocean current sinks in this area, blowing from high latitude to low latitude, which is dry, cloudy and rainy. Therefore, from a global perspective, almost all areas near the Tropic of Cancer have become deserts or arid grasslands, hence the name "Return to Desert Zone", which is only located in Guangdong on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. Under the influence of monsoon, a unique monsoon climate is formed, which brings abundant precipitation and changes the climate of Guangdong to a humid direction. Instead of becoming a desert or arid grassland, Guangdong has developed subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest vegetation and become a rare oasis in the global regression zone. In addition, during the same period of rain and heat in Guangdong, water and heat are relatively coordinated, with hot summer and rainy winter and little rain in winter. Moreover, the hot and rainy period is long, the dry and cold period is not obvious, and the terrain is high in the north and low in the south. Warm air flows from the southern sea and covers the whole province, so that it won't be too hot in summer. In winter

This is the reform and opening-up in China, the frontier of China. Guangdong vigorously develops an open economy, adheres to Scientific Outlook on Development, promotes industrialization with informationization, promotes economic prosperity, and all social undertakings flourish. China's national economy has developed rapidly and healthily, and its comprehensive economic strength has been in the forefront of the country for many years. Its gross output value, total retail sales of social consumer goods, industrial added value, residents' savings deposits, taxes, fiscal revenue, investment in fixed assets of the whole society, freight volume, patent applications for scientific and technological inventions and other important economic indicators rank first in the country. In the spirit of pioneering and enterprising, Guangdong has actively participated in the international division of labor, made efforts to connect with the international economy, and formed a new pattern of all-round, multi-level and wide-ranging opening up. The export-oriented economy has made remarkable achievements, with import and export trade ranking first in the country for 18 years, and accumulated foreign investment accounting for14 of the country. It has become one of the regions with the fastest economic development, the most developed foreign trade and economic cooperation, the most active market and the most attractive investment in China. In ancient times, Guangdong Province has always been a family of Baiyue. The Qing government established Guangdong Province here, so the name of Guangdong is still in use today. China has been rich since ancient times. As early as the Qin and Han Dynasties, there were foreign trade and cultural exchanges. In modern times, Guangdong has become a developed business district. Due to geographical conditions and historical origins, it is also the hometown of overseas Chinese. Many foreigners often return to their hometown out of nostalgia for their hometown, which promotes the development of tourism in Guangdong Province. The most peculiar landscapes in Guangdong Province are concentrated in northern Guangdong, including Shaoguan and Qingyuan. The natural landscape in those mountainous areas is very beautiful, including Danxia landform represented by Danxia Mountain and Jinjiling Mountain, Nanshan Mountain, Yangshan Mountain and Yingde Mountain Group, and karst caves with karst landform. The coastline of western Guangdong is long and tortuous, with a large number of high-quality beaches; Meizhou, Heyuan, Chaoshan and Huizhou in eastern Guangdong have always been unique in Guangdong with their unique Hakka culture, simple folk customs and rich ancient cultural relics, and have also become tourist hotspots in recent years.

: 202 1 3. the development prospect of tourism in Guangdong

American tourism in Huizhou has developed very well. Huizhou is located in a small city in Guangdong. It has a long history and is also a thousand-year-old city. There are beautiful West Lake, sea, litchi and longan here. It's not a big city. It's leisurely, quiet and clean here, and it's like spring all year round. Huizhou has a bright future for American tourism. I hope people from all over the country will visit. Welcome to Huizhou.

4. Analysis of the current situation of Guangdong tourism market.

First of all, the city with the largest floating population in Guangdong is Dongguan.

There are many factories in Dongguan, but almost all the workers here are foreigners. So it is very happy to see the development of this city, otherwise it would not attract so many people from other places. In addition, it is very important that Dongguan is particularly inclusive.

The city with the second largest foreign population is Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province. According to the data of 20 16, the permanent population of Guangzhou is140,000. By 2020, it will increase to about160,000. As a first-tier city, it is also the city with the largest resident population, with a fast pace of life. In fact, many people in Guangdong believe in Buddhism, so Guangzhou is also rich in Buddhist culture, and there are many temples, such as Huaisheng Temple. Hongdao Temple and so on. Everyone can go to Guangzhou.

The third city is Shenzhen. Shenzhen is a very powerful city. Everyone knows that Shenzhen was poor and backward before the reform and opening up, but the speed of development in these years has surprised everyone. It is now a completely urbanized city. Because of this, many foreign tourists come to Shenzhen to take root, because Shenzhen gives them more opportunities. This metropolis is particularly rich in tourism resources. But most of them are new tourism resources, and there are few historical sites. If you like some Happy Valley or Zhonghua Street, you can go to Shenzhen.

5. Tourism development in Guangdong Province

Tenth place: Changchun

45A. Grade A Changchun, also known as Spring City, was called Du and Cha Chong in ancient times. In ancient times, it was the capital of Jilin Province and a national historical and cultural city.

Changchun, a famous old industrial base in China, is known as Detroit in the East and Hollywood in the East. Changchun, once the capital of the Puppet Manchukuo, is a concentrated witness of the complete political and military conflict in Northeast Asia in modern times, with numerous historical, industrial and cultural relics. There are 38 scenic spots above A level in the city, including 4 scenic spots of 5A level: Puppet Palace Museum, Jingyuetan Scenic Area, World Sculpture Park and Changying Century City.

In 2020, the total tourism revenue138152 million yuan, an increase of 37.4%. Tourism foreign exchange income was 68,650110,000 USD, down 69.99%.

Ninth place: Baoding

Baoding, with a grade of more than 45 years, was called Shanggu, Baozhou and Fu Bao in ancient times. Because the city is like boots, it is also called boot city. It is a central city in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, a national historical and cultural city, an excellent tourist city in China and a national garden city. It is also the hometown of opera, swimming and longevity. It is also called the champion city because it has many sports champions.

Baoding has a history of more than 3,000 years and is the capital of Yan, Zhongshan and Houyan. There are many cultural relics in the city, such as the ancient lotus pond, Dacige, Zhili Governor's Office, Qing Xiling, etc. Baoding has 43 scenic spots above Grade A and 4 scenic spots at Grade 5A: Baiyangdian Scenic Spot, Yesanpo Scenic Spot, Baishishan Scenic Spot and Qingxiling Scenic Spot.

In 2020, it received 53.553 million domestic tourists, a decrease of 57.9% over the previous year; Revenue was 60.26 billion yuan, down 55.0%. Received 6,000 international tourists, down 97.1%; Foreign exchange income was $253,000, down by 97.7%. The total tourism revenue was 60.26 billion yuan, down by 55. 1%.

Eighth place: Wuxi

45A, Grade A or above 53 Wuxi, a prefecture-level city in Jiangsu Province, referred to as tin for short. Known as Orfila, Liangxi and Jingui in ancient times, it is known as the Pearl of Taihu Lake. Wuxi is a national historical and cultural city, and has been a land of plenty since ancient times. Known as cloth wharf, money wharf, kiln wharf, silk capital and rice market.

Wuxi is the cradle of China's national industry and township industry, and the birthplace of southern Jiangsu model. There are 53 A-level scenic spots and 4 5A-level scenic spots in Wuxi: Yuantouzhu Scenic Spot, Wuxi Film and Television Base of CCTV and lingshan scenic spot.

In 2020, it received 6010.02 million domestic tourists, an increase of 58.7% s；; A total of 9 1 10000 overnight visitors visited and engaged in various activities, down 84.7% from the previous year. The total tourism revenue was 654.38+005.789 billion yuan, an increase of 565.438+0.3% over last year.

Seventh place: Luoyang

A-level Luoyang, over 45 years old, 75 years old, is a prefecture-level city in Henan Province. Luoyang has a history of more than 5,000 years of civilization, 4,000 years of city building and 1500 years of capital building. In history, many dynasties established their capitals in Luoyang, which is called the ancient capital of nine dynasties.

There are 75 A-level tourist attractions in Luoyang, including 4 5 A scenic spots: Longmen Grottoes, Baiyun Mountain, Jiguan Cave, Laojun Mountain and Longtan Grand Canyon; There are Erlitou Site, Yanshi Mall Site, Eastern Zhou Dynasty Wangcheng Site, Han and Wei Luoyang City Site, Sui and Tang Dynasties Luoyang City Site and many other sites.

In 2020, Luoyang received 65.438+0.47 billion tourists, and the total tourism revenue was 65.438+0.38 billion yuan.

Sixth place: Guilin

45a,91Guilin is a world-famous scenic tourist city and an important international tourist city opening to the outside world. The World Tourism Organization recommended China as one of the best tourist cities.

After hundreds of millions of years of weathering and erosion, limestone all over Guilin has formed a unique landscape, surrounded by thousands of peaks, surrounded by water, rugged rocks and beautiful caves. Guilin is known as the best scenery in Guilin because of its beautiful mountains, water and caves. There are 9/kloc-0 scenic spots above Grade A in Guilin, including 4 scenic spots of Grade 5A: Lijiang Scenic Spot, Le Man Di Holiday World, Xiangshan Scenic Spot of Two Rivers and Four Lakes, and Wangcheng Scenic Spot of Duxiufeng.

In 2020, the number of domestic tourists was 65,438+0,023,654,38+0,370, a decrease of 24.3% over the previous year. The total domestic tourism consumption was 123 109 million yuan, down by 28.9%. The number of overnight visitors was 98,300, down by 96.9%. International tourism spending was $35,495,654,38+0,000, down 98.3%. The average number of overnight visitors in China is 1.65 days.

Fifth place: Shanghai

45A, 130 Shanghai, a Grade A magic capital, is a national historical and cultural city and a leading city in the Yangtze River Delta.

There are 130 A-level scenic spots in Shanghai, including 4 5A-level scenic spots: Shanghai Wildlife Park, Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, Oriental Pearl Radio and Television Tower, and the first, second and fourth memorial halls of the Communist Party of China in Shanghai. Shanghai's eastern and western cultures blend with each other, and the western-style buildings on the Bund complement the skyscrapers in Lujiazui. Xintiandi not only retains the old Shikumen and the old house, but also shows the latest popular elements.

In 2020, Shanghai received 236 million domestic tourists and realized domestic tourism income of 280.95 billion yuan. The recovery rate is 18%, which is 20 percentage points higher than the national average.

Fourth place: Xi Anyi; one

In ancient times, Xi Chang 'an, also known as Chang 'an and Haojiang, was the capital of Shaanxi Province, the starting point of the Silk Road and the core area of the Belt and Road Initiative. It was named as a world historic city by UNESCO and published in 198 1. It is known as the four ancient capitals of the world together with Rome, Athens and Cairo, and is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization and the Chinese nation.

Xi 'an 'an is a city full of history, and the precipitation and inheritance of the Chinese nation for thousands of years are still quietly continuing. There are 84 scenic spots above Grade A in Xi, including 5 scenic spots at Grade 5A: Terracotta Warriors, Wild Goose Pagoda, Tang Furong Garden, Huaqing Pool, City Wall and Forest of Steles.

In 2020, the total number of tourists at home and abroad exceeded 300 million, and the total tourism revenue was 314.6 billion yuan, up 2 1.7% and 23,654.38+0% respectively, and it was rated as the top 20 most popular tourist destinations in the world and the top 20 cities in China night economy 10.

Third place: Suzhou

Suzhou, with grades above 65A and 54a, was called Wu in ancient times, also known as Gusu and Pingjiang. It is a national historical and cultural city and a scenic tourist city, enjoying the reputation of paradise on earth. With a history of nearly 2,500 years, it is the birthplace of Wu culture and one of the most famous "cultural cities" in China. The four major gatherings in the world were all held in the Qing Dynasty.

Suzhou is located in the water network and the streets are built along the river.

85A, Grade A or above 227 Beijing, the capital of China, a national central city and an international metropolis, is an ancient capital with a history of more than 3,000 years, the first batch of national historical and cultural cities, and also the city with the most world cultural heritage in the world.

There are 227 A-level scenic spots in Beijing, including 8 5A-level scenic spots: Tiantan Park, Summer Palace, Forbidden City, Olympic Park, Badaling-Mutianyu Great Wall Tourist Area, Gongwangfu, Ming Tombs Scenic Area and Yuanmingyuan Ruins Park. Rich tourism resources, long history and profound cultural background are the reasons to attract tourists.

In 2020, Beijing received 654.38+84 million tourists, down 42.9% from the previous year. The total tourism revenue was 29 14 billion yuan, down by 53.2%.

First place: Chongqing

Chongqing, 105A, 28 1 above, is a national historical and cultural city, the birthplace of Hongyan spirit and Bayu culture. Here, asking the way is not asking the southeast, northwest, but going up and down.

2 1 century will be a more brilliant period for China's development and for American tourism. The great promotion of tourism culture to tourism has attracted more and more attention and discussion. 2/kloc-0 At the beginning of the century, it is particularly important to sort out tourism culture comprehensively and systematically. Generally speaking, the research on tourism culture in China can be roughly divided into two categories: theoretical generalization (that is, the definition, characteristics and functions of tourism culture) and applied research (that is, the application of tourism culture in resource development and urban construction).

The period from 1978 to 1984 is the embryonic period of tourism culture research in China. There are not many works on tourism culture in this period, and the representative ones are On the Cultural Characteristics of Tourism by Lin Hongdai (Journal of Tourism, No.4, 1983) and Encyclopedia of China _ Human Geography Volume (1984). At the same time, it is affirmed that tourism is an economic undertaking and an aspect of China's foreign affairs. The former emphasizes that it is also a cultural undertaking with distinctive cultural characteristics, and foreseeing the proportion of culture in the whole and the expansion of its value is an inevitable positive historical trend.

The latter pointed out that tourism culture is inseparable from culture for the first time in China, and tourism itself is a large-scale cultural exchange. The research in this period was only the lonely cry of the pioneers, and it did not attract enough attention from people in the tourism industry. However, it caused waves in tourism academic circles and entered the development period of tourism culture research. In the late 1980s, research on tourism culture generally made efforts in two aspects.

On the one hand, the study of landscape culture such as ancient buildings and gardens is active; On the other hand, it focuses on basic theoretical research, such as the necessity of tourism culture research, the definition of tourism culture concept, the description of tourism culture characteristics, the combing of China tourism culture traditions and the discussion on the socialist development of China tourism culture construction. In recent years, a group of tourism culture scholars with a certain professional level have emerged, resulting in a number of original academic achievements.

However, there are few studies on the relationship between tourism culture and the development of tourism resources, and the relationship between tourism culture and the construction of scenic spots, so the study of tourism culture can only not play a better guiding role in the development of tourism. In 1990s, a qualitative breakthrough was made in the study of tourism culture in China. The establishment of China Tourism Culture Society and the convening of the first China Tourism Culture Seminar marked that China was the first national authoritative academic institution and exchange meeting on tourism culture, and the study of American tourism culture in China entered a new stage of development.

Tourism scholars have reached a consensus on the important role of tourism culture and its disciplinary status, defined the development direction of tourism in China, and laid a solid foundation for tourism culture as an independent discipline. With the emergence of tourism culture research fever, in the late 1990s, there appeared papers devoted to studying the current situation of tourism culture. In the second issue 1995, Mao's Tourism clearly put forward the necessity that "tourism culture should have its own disciplinary status".

The author thinks: (1) The healthy development of tourism urgently needs to establish the discipline of tourism culture; (2) In recent 10 years, there have been more and more theoretical articles on tourism culture, so the discipline of tourism culture should be set up from the perspective of discipline classification to adapt to the new trend of theoretical research; (3) There are many irregularities in the enrollment catalogue of tourism specialty that has been used for many years. In this sense, the discipline of tourism culture should also be established.

In recent years, the research on tourism culture in China has made continuous progress, which has attracted the attention of more scholars and people in the industry. A large number of organizations and institutions specializing in tourism culture came into being, and national or local tourism culture seminars were held continuously. The research results obtained far exceed the predecessors in quantity and quality, and tourism culture has become one of the most active fields in China tourism research.

6. Analysis of the current situation of tourism development in Guangdong.

Beijing, Chongqing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Tianjin, Nanjing, Wuxi, Suzhou, Sanya, Dalian, xi 'an, Chengdu, Hangzhou, Hefei, Guiyang, Shenzhen, Qingdao, Yunnan, Taizhou, Lijiang, Rizhao, Yantai, Beihai, Xiamen, Foshan and Yangzhou are too numerous to mention.